【優(yōu)化方案】2014屆高考英語(yǔ)（大綱版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)配套課件語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破四 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（共23張ppt）

1、四、動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),本講目錄,,1．(2012·高考天津卷)Parents and children should communicate more to ________ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.A．open　　 B．narrowC．widen D．leave,考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析,解析：選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞

2、義的理解.A項(xiàng)open意為“開(kāi)(放)”; B項(xiàng)narrow意為“使變狹窄，縮小”；C項(xiàng)widen意為“使變寬，拓寬”；D項(xiàng)leave意為“離開(kāi)”。句意為“父母和孩子應(yīng)該多溝通交流，消除彼此之間的代溝，以便能夠更好地理解彼此”。從關(guān)鍵信息詞communicate more，the gap，understand...better等可推斷出其前后邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)逐步變好，只有narrow能強(qiáng)調(diào)此意。故可知答案為B。,2．(2012

3、3;高考湖北卷)Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and________ every page of my draft.A．a(chǎn)pproved B．quotedC．polished D．folded解析：選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。appr

4、ove意為“贊同;批準(zhǔn);認(rèn)可”；quote意為“引用”；polish意為“修改，潤(rùn)色”；fold意為“折疊”。根據(jù)本題句意“最后，我要感謝我的導(dǎo)師，他對(duì)我的論文提出了許多建議和意見(jiàn)，而且修改了我的論文草稿的每一頁(yè)”可知答案為C.導(dǎo)師不可能是“同意”、“引用”或“折疊”，而應(yīng)該是幫助學(xué)生“修改”論文，所以選C。,3．(2012·高考浙江卷)According to scientists，our mental abilities

5、 begin to ________ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.A．differ B．shrinkC．fail D．decline解析：選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)科學(xué)家稱，在達(dá)到最高水平后，從27歲開(kāi)始我們的腦力開(kāi)始衰退。A選項(xiàng)表示“不同，有區(qū)別”；B選項(xiàng)表示“收縮，萎縮”；C選項(xiàng)表示“失敗，沒(méi)做成”；D選項(xiàng)表示“下降,減少,變

6、弱”。,1．a(chǎn)dopt，attach，adapt，adjust(1)adopt vt.采取，采納；收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)(2)attach 把……附(在……上)；重視attach much importance to...非常重視……(3)adapt vt.適應(yīng)，adapt oneself to適應(yīng)于(4)adjust vt.適應(yīng)，調(diào)整；adjust oneself to適應(yīng)于This kind of desk can be adjus

7、ted to the height you need，besides，it is not expensive at all.這個(gè)桌子可以根據(jù)你需要的高度而調(diào)整，而且一點(diǎn)也不貴。,Having no children of their own they decided to adopt an orphan.他們因沒(méi)有親生兒女，所以決定領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一個(gè)孤兒。Parents attach much importance to education

8、.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.父母親都非常重視教育。他們會(huì)盡自己最大的努力給予孩子們無(wú)價(jià)的饋贈(zèng)。2．link，relate，connect，combine(1)link“連接，聯(lián)系”，指將各個(gè)物體連接起來(lái)(2)relate“聯(lián)系”，指與某事或人有關(guān)聯(lián),(3)connect“連接”，指兩物有形的連接，與link同義(4)co

9、mbine“(使)結(jié)合，(使)聯(lián)系”，著重指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的事物為了共同目的而結(jié)合在一起，常指一些無(wú)形的事情I don’t understand how the two ideas relate.我不明白這兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)有什么關(guān)聯(lián)?！狪n this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.—I can’t agree more.It’s great to have th

10、e two combined.——在如今這個(gè)時(shí)代，女人既可以有工作也可以生孩子。——我非常贊同，讓這兩件事相結(jié)合是非常好的。The government was planning a new railway connecting Beijing and Shanghai.政府當(dāng)時(shí)正在規(guī)劃一條連接北京和上海的新鐵路。,1．(2011·高考福建卷)Born into a family with three brothers

11、，David was ________ to value the sense of sharing.A．brought up　　 B．turned downC．looked after D．held back解析：選A。考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意：因?yàn)榇笮l(wèi)出生于有三兄弟的家庭，因此養(yǎng)成了分享意識(shí)。bring up培養(yǎng)，使成長(zhǎng)；turn down拒絕；look after照顧，照料；hold back阻礙。根據(jù)句意可知，正確答案為A

12、項(xiàng)。,考點(diǎn)二 高頻動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),2．(2012·高考四川卷)It’s surprising that your brother ________ Russian so quickly － he hasn’t lived there very long.A．picked up B．looked upC．put up D．made up解析：選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。pick up意為“(偶

13、然地、無(wú)意地)獲得(收益、消息等)；學(xué)會(huì)(語(yǔ)言)”；look up意為“向上看”；put up意為“舉起；建立；張貼”；make up意為“編造;化妝;彌補(bǔ)”。由surprising,Russian以及so quickly可知此處指學(xué)會(huì)了俄語(yǔ)，故選A項(xiàng)。句意：令人吃驚的是你的兄弟這么快就學(xué)會(huì)了俄語(yǔ)——他并沒(méi)有在那里住很久。,3．(2012·高考遼寧卷)Rod loves ________ clocks. However, he

14、 never manages to put them together again.A．taking apart B．giving awayC．making up D．turning off解析：選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。從put them together我們知道,Rod喜歡拆鐘表。而take apart就是“拆開(kāi)”的意思。句意：Rod喜歡拆鐘表，然而他無(wú)法把鐘表再安裝起來(lái)。give away分發(fā)，捐贈(zèng)，筋疲力盡；mak

15、e up彌補(bǔ)，占據(jù)；turn off關(guān)閉。,1．bring構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：bring about引起，導(dǎo)致bring back使想起bring down降低bring in賺得，引入，請(qǐng)……做bring up提出，養(yǎng)育，撫養(yǎng)，嘔吐2．break構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：break away (from)逃脫，脫離break down (機(jī)器等)壞掉，(身體)垮掉，(計(jì)劃、和談等)失敗break in破門而入，插嘴,break into強(qiáng)

16、行闖入，突然開(kāi)始break out (火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、疾病等)突然開(kāi)始，爆發(fā)break up解散，粉碎，絕交3．call構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：call at拜訪(某地)call on拜訪(某人)call back回電話call up打電話給，使回憶起call for去(接)，需要，要求call in召來(lái)call off取消,4．cut構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：cut down砍倒，削減cut in打斷(談話)，插嘴cut off中斷，斷絕

17、cut up切碎5．come構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：come about發(fā)生come across偶遇come to共計(jì)，達(dá)到；蘇醒come true變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)come up走上前；被提出come up with提出come into being形成,6．get構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：get about四處走動(dòng)；傳開(kāi)get across被理解；被傳達(dá)get away逃脫，設(shè)法離開(kāi)get down下來(lái)；記下get off出發(fā)；下班ge

18、t together聚會(huì)get through接通；通過(guò)get down to開(kāi)始認(rèn)真干get over克服get along/on with進(jìn)展；相處,7．go構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：go away離開(kāi)go back返回(某地)go by逝去；過(guò)去，經(jīng)過(guò)go on繼續(xù)下去，上場(chǎng)，開(kāi)始運(yùn)行g(shù)o over檢查，反復(fù)研究go out熄滅go up(價(jià)格等)上漲go down(溫度等)下降go against違背；對(duì)……不利g

19、o ahead開(kāi)始，進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行g(shù)o after/for追逐，追求,go without勉強(qiáng)維持；湊合go in for愛(ài)好；參加；從事go through通過(guò)；經(jīng)歷go over復(fù)習(xí)；仔細(xì)審查8．give構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：give up放棄give in屈服give out用盡；分發(fā)give away泄露；贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā)give off發(fā)出give back歸還；使恢復(fù),9．make構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：make up for補(bǔ)償，

20、彌補(bǔ)make out辨認(rèn)出make fun of取笑make up one’s mind下定決心make sense有道理(意義)，講得通make good/full use of...充分利用……make up編造；組成；構(gòu)成；補(bǔ)齊，湊足10．put構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：put aside把……放在一邊put away把……收好,put down放下；降落，著陸put forward提出put off延期；推遲put o