競技武術(shù)套路中騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)技術(shù)特征及相關(guān)運動素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練研究.pdf

1、 論文隨機驗證編號：BT6112013192070IV 摘要 摘要 采用文獻資料法、專家訪談與問卷法、測試法、實驗法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法等，以男子旋風(fēng)腳和騰空擺蓮動作為例，通過紅外高速運動捕捉、三維測力和無線表面肌電測試，揭示騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)動作的運動技術(shù)特征；并結(jié)合專家問卷和運動素質(zhì)測試，探究騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)技術(shù)的運動素質(zhì)特征；在此基礎(chǔ)上，通過借鑒、移植和專項化改造，整理歸納出一套針對騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)技術(shù)的運動素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練方法手段，并以此對實驗對象進行了 10 周的運動

2、素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練實驗研究。主要結(jié)論如下： （1）影響空中騰起距離的要素為：助跑和起跳速度、重心騰起角、起跳蹬伸時地面反作用力、離地時刻的重心高度、騰空前的擺臂和擺腿角度及速度等，空中騰起距離是運動員完成高難度動作的基礎(chǔ)和前提，當(dāng)達到一定范圍后并不是高難度動作完成與否的關(guān)鍵；影響旋轉(zhuǎn)角度的要素為：騰空前的擺臂和擺腿角度及速度、離地和落地時刻的肩腳扭轉(zhuǎn)角、空中下落距離、騰空擺腿速度和身體姿態(tài)調(diào)控等，旋轉(zhuǎn)角度是運動員完成高難度動作的關(guān)鍵；影響落地連接

3、的要素為：落地緩沖距離、著地時刻肩腳扭轉(zhuǎn)角、落地地面反作用力以及旋風(fēng)腳不同旋轉(zhuǎn)角度造成的左右腿緩沖差異等。 （2）經(jīng)專家問卷、運動素質(zhì)測試、變異系數(shù)和相關(guān)系數(shù)分析等，篩選出由 6 項一級指標(biāo)及 19 項二級指標(biāo)構(gòu)成的騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)技術(shù)相關(guān)運動素質(zhì)指標(biāo)體系。通過對比分析不同技術(shù)水平受試者的運動素質(zhì)成績，進一步檢驗了該指標(biāo)體系具有較高的區(qū)分效度。 （3）通過運動素質(zhì)測試并結(jié)合騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)動作特征，分析出影響騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)技術(shù)的主要運動素質(zhì)能力為：下肢快速力

4、量、核心力量、旋轉(zhuǎn)爆發(fā)性力量、短距變向移動速度、專項動作速度、靈敏協(xié)調(diào)、動態(tài)柔韌中的平衡能力等。 （4）主要以核心力量和快速伸縮復(fù)合訓(xùn)練為基礎(chǔ)，設(shè)計整理出一套針對騰空垂轉(zhuǎn)技術(shù)的運動素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練方法體系，主要包括：核心力量訓(xùn)練、快速伸縮復(fù)合訓(xùn)練、專項動作模式抗阻訓(xùn)練，以及關(guān)節(jié)穩(wěn)定性訓(xùn)練、筋膜放松和靜態(tài)拉伸等輔助練習(xí)。 （5）實驗前后的測試結(jié)果顯示：10 周的運動素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練干預(yù)對提高受試者的下肢快速力量、核心力量、旋轉(zhuǎn)爆發(fā)性力量、短距變向移動速度

5、、專項動作速度、靈敏協(xié)調(diào)、動態(tài)柔韌中的平衡能力效果明顯；在專項動作中也呈現(xiàn)出：空中騰論文隨機驗證編號：BT6112013192070VI ABSTRACT This paper use the methods of document literature、expert interview、testing、experimental research、statistics and so on. Taking th

6、e tornado kick and flight for example, using the methods of three dimensional motion capture 、 three dimensional force measurement and the surface electromyography to reveal the technical characteristics of f

7、lying vertical rotation; combing with the questionnaire of expert and the test of sport quality to investigate the relevant sport quality of flying vertical rotation; on this basis, with imitating、transplanting and

8、special transforming to summarize a set of training methods of flying vertical rotation, and the research results are as follow: (1)The key technical indexes of flying displacement are: approaching and taking of

9、f speed、the angle of spring up、the acting force、the height of center of gravity of taking off and landing、the angle and speed of swing arm and leg swing and so on. The flying displacement is the basis and premise for ath

10、letes to complete the stunner stunt, but the flying displacement is not the key point of stunner stunt at some range. The key technical indexes of rotation angle are: the angle and speed of swing arm and leg

11、 swing at the stage of taking off、the angle of shoulder and feet when taking off and landing、the displacement of flight、the speed of leg swing in the flight and the control of body posture, rotation angle i

12、s the key point for athlete to complete the stunner stunt. The key technical indexes of landing are: the buffer displacement of landing、the angle of shoulder and feet of landing、the acting force of landing and the diff

13、erences of the buffer of right and left legs caused by the different rotation angle of tornado kick. (2)The paper used some scientific methods, which include the questionnaire of expert，coefficient of variation analysi

14、s, exercise quality testing, correlation analysis of sports quality index. We screen 6 first grade indexes and 19 second grade indexes as the evaluation system of flying vertical rotation. Through th