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1、目前,二語(yǔ)或外語(yǔ)教學(xué)領(lǐng)域存在一個(gè)共識(shí),即詞匯在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中起著核心作用,正如Schmitt&McCarthy(2002)所說(shuō)“不管一個(gè)人的語(yǔ)法學(xué)得多好,不管他的語(yǔ)音多么漂亮,但是如果沒(méi)有足夠的詞匯來(lái)表達(dá)他的感情或理解對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)和想法,他就無(wú)法與別人交流”。我國(guó)高中英語(yǔ)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也明確規(guī)定詞匯教學(xué)是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中一個(gè)重要的組成部分,并指出要有計(jì)劃地向?qū)W生傳授英語(yǔ)詞匯方面的知識(shí)。學(xué)生至少要掌握三千個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞和一定數(shù)量的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)以及詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略。高
2、中生已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到詞匯學(xué)習(xí)的重要性,然而,對(duì)于農(nóng)村高中生來(lái)說(shuō),他們總是抱怨詞匯學(xué)習(xí)低效或無(wú)效,總是越學(xué)越忘。詞匯量過(guò)低不但無(wú)助于減輕學(xué)生的負(fù)擔(dān),反而使學(xué)生因?yàn)樵~匯量太少而難以形成一定的語(yǔ)用能力。
本研究通過(guò)對(duì)農(nóng)村高中生詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略的調(diào)查,試圖了解農(nóng)村高中生詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略總體運(yùn)用情況、不同性別的學(xué)生的詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略運(yùn)用差異、以及高低分組的學(xué)生詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略的差異
調(diào)查問(wèn)卷由本學(xué)校的183名學(xué)生參與,主要參考了顧永琦和胡光
3、偉(2003)的問(wèn)卷及冬雪珍(2006)的問(wèn)卷,并在此基礎(chǔ)上改編而成。本問(wèn)卷詳細(xì)調(diào)查了農(nóng)村高中生在元認(rèn)知、認(rèn)知以及社會(huì)/情感三個(gè)層次上使用英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略的情況。詞匯測(cè)試卷主要參考陳善華的測(cè)試形式,并稍做修改。被調(diào)查的這批學(xué)生同時(shí)也參加了此次測(cè)試。調(diào)查問(wèn)卷和詞匯測(cè)試卷的數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS軟件來(lái)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明:(1)農(nóng)村高中生學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)使用元認(rèn)知策略、認(rèn)知策略和社會(huì)情感策略相對(duì)略低,但社會(huì)情感策略中的自我激勵(lì)策略高于合作策略。在認(rèn)知策略
4、上;最好的是“作筆記”策略中的“記下意義及“查字典”策略中的“為理解內(nèi)容查字典”,最低的是“編碼”維度中的“聯(lián)想、形象與視覺(jué)編碼、聽(tīng)覺(jué)編碼、意義編碼、上下文編碼、運(yùn)用、合作、運(yùn)用詞匯表生詞本”等,這說(shuō)明高中生學(xué)習(xí)單詞時(shí)比較習(xí)慣機(jī)械地重復(fù)讀和記憶,而對(duì)那些需要較高程度的加工的策略運(yùn)用頻率較低,學(xué)習(xí)和記憶單詞比較被動(dòng)。(2)所有詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略的項(xiàng)目都是女生比男生好,除了“聯(lián)想”與“聽(tīng)覺(jué)編碼”兩項(xiàng)外,這可能與男生比較富有想象能力,而沒(méi)有耐性有關(guān)
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