外科常見(jiàn)疾病健康教育

1、1外科入科宣教................................................................................................................2第1章：普外科病人健康指導(dǎo)......................................................................................4

2、急腹癥病人健康指導(dǎo)......................................................................................4闌尾炎手術(shù)病人健康指導(dǎo)..............................................................................8膽囊及膽管結(jié)石病人健康指導(dǎo).....................

3、...............................................11腹腔鏡手術(shù)病人健康指導(dǎo)............................................................................14甲狀腺腫瘤手術(shù)病人健康指導(dǎo)....................................................................1

4、6腹外疝病人健康指導(dǎo)....................................................................................19急性胰腺炎病人健康指導(dǎo)............................................................................23腹部損傷病人健康指導(dǎo).........................

5、.......................................................26胃癌病人健康指導(dǎo)........................................................................................31胃及十二指腸疾病手術(shù)病人健康指導(dǎo).................................................

6、.......33腸梗阻病人健康導(dǎo)........................................................................................37腸道造瘺口病人健康指導(dǎo)............................................................................40直腸肛管良性疾病病人健康指導(dǎo)..........

7、......................................................44乳腺腫瘤病人健康指導(dǎo)................................................................................46乳房自我檢查方法................................................................

8、........................49乳腺癌病人健康指導(dǎo)....................................................................................50下肢靜脈曲張手術(shù)病人健康指導(dǎo)................................................................52化療病人健康指導(dǎo)...........

9、.............................................................................55小兒闌尾炎病人健康指導(dǎo)............................................................................58小兒腹股溝疝病人健康指導(dǎo)........................................

10、................................60第2章：骨外科病人健康指導(dǎo)....................................................................................62骨科手術(shù)一般健康指導(dǎo).............................................................................

11、.62上肢骨骨折病人健康指導(dǎo)..........................................................................64下肢骨骨折病人健康指導(dǎo)..........................................................................66骨牽引病人健康指導(dǎo)..................................

12、................................................68石膏固定病人健康指導(dǎo)..............................................................................71第3章：泌尿外科病人健康指導(dǎo)..................................................................

13、..............74前列腺增生病人健康指導(dǎo)............................................................................74膀胱腫瘤病人健康指導(dǎo)................................................................................78泌尿系結(jié)石病人健康指導(dǎo)............

14、................................................................81腎損傷病人健康指導(dǎo)....................................................................................84尿道損傷病人健康指導(dǎo).................................................

15、...............................87精索靜脈曲張病人健康指導(dǎo)........................................................................89鞘膜積液病人健康指導(dǎo)................................................................................913以放松腹部肌肉利

16、于其收縮。然后指導(dǎo)患者以腹式呼吸深吸氣，屏氣35秒后進(jìn)行23次短促有力咳嗽，運(yùn)用腹肌的有力收縮將痰液咳出。如無(wú)痰者做兩次短而有力的咳嗽，做完咳嗽后休息。每次咳嗽次數(shù)不宜過(guò)多，根據(jù)體力情況，一般每次咳嗽23次，每日練習(xí)45次。三胸式呼吸訓(xùn)練（一）目的掌握有效的呼吸方法，增加肺活量，預(yù)防肺部并發(fā)癥。（二）適應(yīng)證腹部手術(shù)后，腹部外傷等患者。（三）方法囑患者仰臥位或坐位，將手貼于胸廓，讓患者呼氣末用手輕壓胸廓，吸氣時(shí)有意鼓起胸部，同時(shí)盡量使腹部

17、在呼吸過(guò)程中保持靜止。如此反復(fù)練習(xí)，每次15分鐘。四腹式呼吸訓(xùn)練（一）目的改善肺功能狀態(tài)和缺氧程度（二）適應(yīng)證開胸術(shù)后、胸外傷、肺部疾病等患者（三）可采用臥、坐、立位練習(xí)，以吸鼓呼縮的方法，一手放于胸前，一手放于腹部，胸部盡量保持不動(dòng)，呼氣時(shí)稍用力壓腹部，腹部盡量回縮，吸氣時(shí)則對(duì)抗手的壓力將腹部鼓起，同時(shí)要注意吸氣時(shí)用鼻深吸氣，呼氣時(shí)則用口緩慢呼氣，呼氣時(shí)間要比吸氣時(shí)間長(zhǎng)12倍。初始5分鐘次，漸增加至1015分鐘次，23次天。五術(shù)后下床