危機管理預防，診斷和干預【外文翻譯】

1、畢業(yè)論畢業(yè)論文（文（設計設計）外文翻）外文翻譯題目：品牌危機及其對策研究一、外文原文標題：Crisismanagement:preventiondiagnosisintervention原文：Thepremiseofthispaperisthatcrisescanbemanagedmuchmeeffectivelyifthecompanypreparesfthem.Therefethepapershallreviewsomerecent

2、crisesthewaytheyweredealtwithwhatcanbelearnedfromthem.Laterweshalldealwiththeanatomyofacrisisbylookingatsomesymptomslastlydiscussthestagesofacrisisrecommendmethodsfpreventionintervention.CrisisacknowledgmentAlthoughmanyb

3、usinessleaderswillacknowledgethatcrisesareagivenfvirtuallyeverybusinessfirmmanyofthesefirmsdonottakeproductivestepstoaddresscrisissituations.AsonesurveyofChiefExecutiveofficersofFtune500companiesdiscovered85percentsaidth

4、atacrisisinbusinessisinevitablebutonly50percentofthesehadtakenanyproductiveactioninpreparingacrisisplan(Augustine1995).Companiesgenerallygotogreatlengthstoplantheirfinancialgrowthsuccess.Butwhenitcomestocrisismanagementt

5、heyoftenfailtothinkpreparefthoseeventualitiesthatmayleadtoacompany’stotalfailure.Safetyviolationsplantsinneedofrepairsunioncontractsmanagementsuccessionchoosingabrnameetc.canbecomecrisesfwhichmanycompaniesfailtobeprepare

6、duntilitistoolate.Thetendencyingeneralistolookatthecompanyasaperpetualentitythatrequiresplansfgrowth.Igningtheprobabilitiesofdisasterisnotgoingtoeliminatedelaytheiroccurrences.Strategicplanningwithoutinclusionofcrisisman

7、agementislikesustaininglifewithoutguaranteeinglife.Onereasonsomanycompaniesfailtotakestepstoproactivelyplanfcrisiseventsisthattheyfailtoacknowledgethepossibilityofadisasteroccurring.Likeanostrichwithitsheadinthestheysimp

8、lychoosetoignethesituationwiththehopethatbynottalkingaboutititwillnotcometopass.HalWalkeramanagementconsultantpointsout“thatdecisionswillbemerationalbetterreceivedthecrisiswillbeofshterdurationfcompanieswhoprepareaproact

9、ivecrisisplan”(Maynard1993).Modernganizationsareoftencalled“ganic”duetothefactthattheyarenotimmunefromtheelementsoftheirsurroundingenvironments.Verymuchlikealivingganismganizationscanbeaffectedbyenvironmentalfactsbothpos

10、itivelynegatively.Buttoday’ssuccessfulganizationsareacterizedbytheabilitytoadaptbyrecognizingimptantenvironmentalfactsanalyzingthemevaluatingtheimpactsreactingtothem.Theartofstrategicplanning(asitrelatestocrisismanagemen

11、t)involvesalloftheaboveactivities.Therightstrategyingeneralprovidesfpreventivemeasurestreatmentresolutionefftsbothproactivelyreactively.Itwouldbequiteappropriatetoexaminethefirstthreestagesofacrisisbefetakingupthetreatme

12、ntresolutioninterventionstage.ProdromalcrisisstageInthefieldofmedicineaprodromeisasymptomoftheonsetofadisease.Itgivesawarningsignal.Inbusinessganizationsthewarninglightsarealwaysblinking.Nomatterhowsuccessfultheganizatio

13、nanumberofissuestrendsmayconcernthebusinessifpropertimelyattentionispaidtothem.Fexamplein1995BaringBankaUKfinancialinstitutionwhichhadbeeninexistencesince1763suddenlyunexpectedlyfailed.Therewasampleopptunityfthebanktocat

14、chthesignalsthatsomethingbadwasonthehizonbutthecompany’sefftstodetectthatwerethwartedbyaninternalstructurethatallowedasingleemployeebothtoconducttooverseehisowninvestmenttradesthebreakdownofmanagementoversightinternalcon

15、trolsystems(Mitroffetal.1996).LikewiselookinginretrospectMcDonald’sfastfoodchainwasgiventheprodromalsymptomsbefetheelderlyladysuedthemfthespillingofaveryhotcupofcoffeeonherlapaneventthatresultedinasubstantialfinanciallos

16、starnishedimageofthecompany.Numerousconsumershadcomplainedaboutthetemperatureofthecoffee.Thewarninglightwasonbutthecompanydidnotpayattention.Itwouldhavebeenmuchsimplertopickupthesignaltocheckthesymptomthanfacingtheconseq

17、uences.InanothercaseJackintheBoxafastfoodchainhadseveralcustomerssufferintestinaldistressaftereatingattheirrestaurants.Theprodromalsymptomwastherebutthecompanytookevasiveaction.Theirinitialapproachwastolookaroundfsomeone