存異翻譯倫理解讀——以魯迅翻譯思想和實(shí)踐為例

1、An Interpretation of Translation Ethics of Difference Exemplified by Lu Xun’s Translation Ideas and Practice1 1 1 1 / 70 70 70 70存異翻譯倫理解讀 存異翻譯倫理解讀 存異翻譯倫理解讀 存異翻譯倫理解讀-- -- -- --以魯迅翻譯思想和實(shí)踐為例 以魯迅翻譯思想和實(shí)踐為例 以魯迅翻譯思想和實(shí)踐為例 以魯迅翻譯思

2、想和實(shí)踐為例摘 要翻譯是一種以語言符號為媒介的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象和文化活動(dòng)， 翻譯的窘境和譯者的隱身導(dǎo)致存異倫理的出現(xiàn)。翻譯倫理指在翻譯活動(dòng)中對待文化他者的道德態(tài)度，是探究和認(rèn)識翻譯文化本質(zhì)的主要維度。 翻譯倫理貫穿整個(gè)翻譯實(shí)踐和理論發(fā)展史。魯迅深受德國浪漫主義的影響。據(jù)美國學(xué)者勞倫斯·韋努蒂考察，魯迅在1902 年留學(xué)日本期間吸收了施萊爾馬赫等人的德國浪漫主義的翻譯思想，并將異化翻譯與改造國民性結(jié)合起來。當(dāng)時(shí)的中國與浪漫時(shí)期的德國情景

3、基本相似，德國浪漫主義的存異思維豐富了德國文學(xué)和文化，成為“弱小”德國擺脫法國霸權(quán)的途徑。 魯迅由此認(rèn)識到德國浪漫主義翻譯主張的意義， 他把翻譯上升為白話文學(xué)革命和民族主義的文化政治，提出了許多頗有遠(yuǎn)見的翻譯理論，如“寧信而不順” “硬譯”等。在西方， 韋努蒂是存異翻譯倫理的倡導(dǎo)者和忠實(shí)擁護(hù)者。 為了改變翻譯暴力，他提倡翻譯的抵抗， 彰顯異域文本中語言和文化的差異， 抵抗歸化、 流暢和透明，主張向霸權(quán)文化輸入弱勢文化的差異性，讓譯文讀者

4、親自感知和體驗(yàn)異域文化。韋努蒂的存異倫理與魯迅的翻譯觀同根同源，但針對的是不同的文化情境，形成各自的特色。兩人都主張“存異” ，對異域文化中的異質(zhì)情有獨(dú)鐘，反映出他們的存異倫理傾向。本文由五章構(gòu)成。第一章介紹研究背景目的、意義和方法。第二章是文章綜述，梳理翻譯倫理的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，總結(jié)國內(nèi)外的理論發(fā)展歷史。第三章論述翻譯的存異倫理。本人采用歷時(shí)研究法和比較法，梳理存異翻譯倫理的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，解讀存異倫理的翻譯學(xué)意義并證明魯迅的翻譯思想和實(shí)踐。 第

5、四章具體分析魯迅的翻譯理論和實(shí)踐。 魯迅是近現(xiàn)代中國存異倫理的忠實(shí)踐行者， 將詳加論述他的硬譯、使用古語、釋放語言剩余等存異倫理策略。第五章從道德、倫理的角度對翻譯本質(zhì)和功能做更深入的闡釋， 論述異化翻譯倫理對主體文化建構(gòu)的促進(jìn)作用， 并從An Interpretation of Translation Ethics of Difference Exemplified by Lu Xun’s Translation Ideas and

6、Practice3 3 3 3 / 70 70 70 70An An An An Interpretation Interpretation Interpretation Interpretation of of of of Translation Translation Translation Translation Ethics Ethics Ethics Ethics of of of of Difference Differen

7、ce Difference DifferenceExemplified Exemplified Exemplified Exemplified by by by by Lu Lu Lu Lu Xun Xun Xun Xun’ ’ ’ ’s s s s Translation Translation Translation Translation Ideas Ideas Ideas Ideas and and and and Practi

8、ce Practice Practice PracticeAbstractTranslation is a social phenomenon and cultural activity by means of linguisticsigns. The dilemma of translation and translators’ invisibility urge the formation ofethics of differenc

9、e. Translation ethics is the moral attitude towards another culture intranslation practice and it is a main perspective to investigate the cultural essence oftranslation. Translation ethics runs through the development h

10、istory of translationtheories and practice.Lu Xun was under great influence of German Romanticism. In 1902, Lu Xundrew experience from Schleiermacher, a representative of German Romanticism, andused theories of German Ro

11、manticism to save Chinese. At that time, China andGerman were in the same poor situation. The idea of keeping foreignness intranslation helps Germany to win independence. Taking inspiration from Germany, LuXun combines t

12、ranslation with revolution in vernacular Chinese and cultural politicswith the application of hard translation and faithfulness rather than fluency etc.In western countries, American scholar Lawrence Venuti is an advocat

13、or ofethics of difference. In order to resist translation violence, he lays stress on keepingforeignness from original culture and language to resist naturalized, transparenttranslation. The foreignness from weak culture

14、s should be imported to powerfulcountries to make target readers feel and experience exoticism.The ethics of difference of Venuti and Lu Xun’s translation ideas are derivedfrom the same origin but share different feature

15、s based on different culturalbackgrounds. Both Lu Xun and Venuti advocate keeping foreignness in translation,which manifests their ethical positions.The thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one introduces research p