[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]電子商務(wù)外文翻譯--全球化與電子商務(wù)的關(guān)系--土耳其案例（英文）

1、 Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 150 ( 2014 ) 1267 – 1276 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect1877-0428 © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access artic

2、le under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the International Strategic Management Conference. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.143 10th Intern

3、ational Strategic Management Conference The Relationship between Globalization and E-Commerce: Turkish Case Erdal Ayd?na , Burcu K?l?nç Savrulb , a? a,b Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, 17100

4、, Turkey Abstract Globalization has been one of the most prominent phenomenon of the 20th century that shaped the world economy dramatically. Globalization process is followed by the decline in administrative barriers

5、to trade, sharp falls in the costs of transportation and communication, fragmentation of production processes and the development in information and communication technology which formed basis for diversification of re

6、sources, creation and development of new investment opportunities by opening up additional markets, and accessing new raw materials and resources. Telecommunications and transport links flourished by the globalization

7、 created a new way of accessing to the new markets through e-commerce. However in a broad sense e-commerce concept, affecting employment patterns, productivity and industry structure, is much broader than it's perc

8、eived relationship between globalization and e-commerce is nebulous. In this regards this study investigates the relationship between globalization and e-commerce. The evidences presented in the study present that rathe

9、r than a one way relation a mutual relation is observed. However the level of technology and telecommunications substructure of the country in question vary the direction of the relation. 1. Introduction The environmen

10、t formed by the globalization and technological change triggered political, social and cultural change all around the world by the second half of the 20th century. As well as the social and cultural changes the globali

11、zation have also created a new global economy which provide opportunities for the firms to access to new markets and participate in global production networks. Beside the opportunities the new economy formed a more com

12、petitive environment for the firms in which the winners are the ones that can adopt global telecommunications and transport links. The adoption the internet makes it cheaper and easier for firms to extend their markets,

13、 manage their operations and coordinate value chains across borders. Reduction in the costs of transactions and information, technology has reduced market frictions and provided significant impetus to the process of br

14、oadening world markets. ICT adoption fosters ? Corresponding author. Tel. + 90-286-335-8740 Email address: erdalaydin@comu.edu.tr Keywords: Globalization, New Economy, E-commerce, Turkish Economy © 2014 The Authors

15、. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the International Strategic Management C

16、onference.1269Erdal Ayd?n and Burcu K?l?nç Savrul / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 150 ( 2014 ) 1267 – 1276 same as the broad definition of the exception that the instrument of trade is limited wi

17、th the internet (OECD, 2001). Globalization and e-commerce are expected to change economic structure of nations. The expected superior economic structure is mainly influenced by the above two factors. In literature the

18、 new structure is generally referred as Knowledge Economy, New Economy or E-economy. E-commerce not only reduces communication costs, but also increases flexibility in locating activities. The studies in the subject cl

19、early shows that internet technology has lead to an increase in international trade (Totonchi and Kakamanshadi, 2011:273). In the course of transition from the old economy to the new one, e-commerce has eliminated the p

20、roblem of time and space which in return has lowered costs in production process. Thus e-commerce has become a dynamic factor in the new economy. Although electronic communication technologies has been being used since

21、 the beginning of 1980s, use of those technologies for trade has become widespread since the second half of the 1990s. Because it’s rather new, it has been perceived in several ways by different institutions, organizat

22、ions and individuals (Savrul and K?l?ç, 2011:251). E-commerce consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payments. E-commerce is the exchange of goods and services between four broad groups

23、over the Internet. This can happen between businesses and consumers, businesses and businesses, intra-companies, and consumers and consumers. E-commerce encompasses any commercial activity that takes place directly bet

24、ween a business, its partners or its customers through a combination of computing and communications technologies. It takes into account sales, marketing, communications, service, and workflow (Rosen, 2000). Regarding

25、the globalization issue the arguments provided above raise the question whether globalization support e-commerce or e-commerce accelerate the globalization process. The study of Kraemer et. al (2002) introduce that the

26、internet is used mainly for the information exchange with customers and suppliers and e-commerce has a direct and meaningful effect on globalization. Likewise literature on the issue shows that firms use the internet m

27、ainly for purchasing rather than sales. Its major reason is that firms in their foreign purchases face lots of complex processes, also purchasing from foreign countries requires coordination with those suppliers which