新編跨文化交際英語教程 參考答案

1、Unit1CommunicationAcrossCulturesReadingIInterculturalCommunication：AnIntroductionComprehensionquestions1.Isitstilloftenthecasethat“everyone?squicktoblamethealien”inthecontemparywldThisisstillpowerfulintoday‘ssocialpoliti

2、calrhetic.Finstanceitisnotuncommonintoday‘ssocietytohearpeoplesaythatmostifnotallofthesocialeconomicproblemsarecausedbyminitiesimmigrants.2.What?sthedifferencebetweentoday?sinterculturalcontactthatofanytimeinthepastToday

3、‘sinterculturalencountersarefarmenumerousofgreaterimptancethaninanytimeinhisty.3.WhathavemadeinterculturalcontactaverycommonphenomenoninourlifetodayNewtechnologyinthefmoftransptationcommunicationsystemshasacceleratedinte

4、rculturalcontactinnovativecommunicationsystemshaveencouragedfacilitatedculturalinteractionglobalizationoftheeconomyhasbroughtpeopletogetherchangesinimmigrationpatternshavealsocontributedtointerculturalencounter.4.Howdoyo

5、uunderstthesentence“cultureiseverythingeverywhere”Culturesuppliesuswiththeanswerstoquestionsaboutwhatthewldlookslikehowwelivecommunicatewithinthatwld.Cultureteachesushowtobehaveinourlifefromtheinstantofbirth.Itisomnipres

6、ent.5.WhatarethemajelementsthatdirectlyinfluenceourperceptioncommunicationThethreemajsocioculturalelementsthatdirectlyinfluenceperceptioncommunicationareculturalvalueswldview(religion)socialganizations(familystate).6.Wha

7、tdoesone?sfamilyteachhimherwhileheshegrowsupinitThefamilyteachesthechildwhatthewldlookslikehisherplaceinthatwld.7.WhyisitimpossibletoseparateouruseoflanguagefromourcultureBecauselanguageisnotonlyafmofpreservingculturebut

8、alsoameansofsharingculture.Languageisanganizedgenerallyagreeduponlearnedsymbolsystemthatisusedtorepresenttheexperienceswithinaculturalcommunity.8.WhatarethenonverbalbehavisthatpeoplecanattachmeaningtoPeoplecanattachmeani

9、ngtononverbalbehavissuchasgesturesposturesfacialexpressionseyecontactgazetouchetc.9.HowcanafreeculturallydiversesocietyexistAfreeculturallydiversesocietycanexistonlyifdiversityispermittedtoflourishwithoutprejudicediscrim

10、inationbothofwhichharmallmembersofthesociety.ReadingIITheChallengeofGlobalizationComprehensionquestions1.WhydoestheauthsaythatourunderstingofthewldhaschangedManythingssuchaspoliticalchangestechnologicaladvanceshavechange

11、dthewldveryrapidly.Inthepastmosthumanbeingswerebnliveddiedwithinalimitedgeographicalareaneverencounteringpeopleofotherculturalbackgrounds.Suchanexistencehowevernolongerprevailsinthewld.Thusallpeoplearefacedwiththechallen

12、geofunderstingthischangedstillfastchangingwldinwhichwelive.thanbetweenAmericansalmostanyothergroup.Inthiscasewemightlookbeyondthegestureoftakingsugarcreamtothevaluesexpressedinthisgesture:fAmericans―HelpyourselfftheEngli

13、shcounterpart―Bemyguest.AmericanEnglishpeopleequallyenjoyentertainingbeingentertainedbuttheydiffersomewhatinthevalueofthedistinction.TypicallytheidealguestatanAmericanpartyisonewho―makeshimselfathomeeventothepointofanswe

14、ringthedofixinghisowndrink.FpersonsinmanyothersocietiesincludingatleastthishypotheticalEnglishhostsuchguestbehaviispresumptuousrude.Case2Acommonculturalmisunderstinginclassesinvolvesconflictsbetweenwhatissaidtobedirectco

15、mmunicationstyleindirectcommunicationstyle.InAmericanculturepeopletendtosaywhatisontheirmindstomeanwhattheysay.Therefestudentsinclassareexpectedtoaskquestionswhentheyneedclarification.Mexicanculturesharesthispreferenceof

16、stylewithAmericancultureinsomesituationsthat‘swhythestudentsfromMexicoreadilyadoptedthetechniquesofaskingquestionsinclass.HoweverKeanpeoplegenerallypreferindirectcommunicationstyletherefetheytendtonotsaywhatisontheirmind

17、storelymeonimplicationsinferencesoastobepoliterespectfulavoidlosingfacethroughanyimproperverbalbehavi.AsismentionedinthecasetomanyKeansnumerousquestionswouldshowadisrespectftheteacherwouldalsoreflectthatthestudenthasnots

18、tudiedhardenough.Case3Theconflicthereisadifferenceinculturalvaluesbeliefs.InthebeginningMarydidn‘trealizethatherDominicansistersawherasamemberofthefamilyliterally.IntheDominicanviewfamilypossessionsaresharedbyeveryoneoft

19、hefamily.LuzwasactingasmostDominicansisterswoulddoinbrowingwithoutaskingeverytime.OnceMaryunderstoodthattherewasadifferentwayoflookingatthisshewouldbecomemeaccepting.Howevershemightstillexperiencethesamefrustrationwhenth

20、ishappenedagain.Shehadtofindwaystocopewithherownemotionalculturalreactionaswellasherpracticalproblem(thebatteriesrunningout).Case4Itmightbesimplyaquestionofdifferentrhythms.Americanshaveonerhythmintheirpersonalfamilyrela

21、tionsintheirfriendlinesstheirities.Peoplefromothercultureshavedifferentrhythms.TheAmericanrhythmisfast.Itisacterizedbyarapidacceptanceofothers.HoweveritisseldomthatAmericansengagethemselvesentirelyinafriendship.Theirfrie

22、ndshipsarewarmbutcasualspecialized.Fexampleyouhaveaneighbwhosbyinthemningfcoffee.Youseeherfrequentlybutyouneverinviteherfdinnernotbecauseyoudon‘tthinkshecouldhleafkaknifebutbecauseyouhaveseenherthatmning.Therefeyoureserv

23、eyourmefmalinvitationtodinnerfsomeonewholivesinamedistantpartofthecitywhomyouwouldnotseeunlessyouextendedaninvitationfaspecialoccasion.Nowifthefirstfriendmovesawaythesecondonemovesnearbyyouarelikelytoreversethisseethesec

24、ondfriendinthemningsfinfmalcoffeemeetingsthefirstoneyouwillinvitemefmallytodinner.Americansareinotherwdsguidedveryoftenbytheirownconvenience.Theytendtomakefriendseasilytheydon‘tfeelitnecessarytogotoagreatamountoftroublet

25、oseefriendsoftenwhenitbecomesinconvenienttodosousuallynooneishurt.Butinsimilarcircumstancespeoplefrommanyothercultureswouldbehurtverydeeply.Unit2CultureCommunicationReadingIWhatIsCultureComprehensionquestions1.Whichofthe

26、definitionsgivenabovedoyoupreferWhySomemaypreferashtdefinitionsuchastheonegivenbyE.SapirR.Benedictfitishighlygeneralizedeasytoremember.SomemaypreferalongeronesuchasEdwardT.Hall‘sdefinitionofculturebecauseitprovidesuswith