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1、0外文資料ThinkinginJava2ndeditionPrefaceIsuggestedtomybrotherToddwhoismakingtheleapfromhardwareintoprogrammingthatthenextbigrevolutionwillbeingeicengineering.We’llhavemicrobesdesignedtomakefoodfuelplasticthey’llcleanuppollut

2、ioningeneralallowustomasterthemanipulationofthephysicalwldfafractionofwhatitcostsnow.Iclaimedthatitwouldmakethecomputerrevolutionlooksmallincomparison.ThenIrealizedIwasmakingamistakecommontosciencefictionwriters:gettingl

3、ostinthetechnology(whichisofcourseeasytodoinsciencefiction).Anexperiencedwriterknowsthatthestyisneveraboutthethingsit’saboutthepeople.GeicswillhaveaverylargeimpactonourlivesbutI’mnotsosureitwilldwarfthecomputerrevolution

4、(whichenablesthegeicrevolution)—atleasttheinfmationrevolution.Infmationisabouttalkingtoeachother:yescarsshoesespeciallygeiccuresareimptantbutintheendthosearejusttrappings.Whattrulymattersishowwerelatetothewld.somuchoftha

5、tisaboutcommunication.Thisbookisacaseinpoint.AmajityoffolksthoughtIwasveryboldalittlecrazytoputtheentirethingupontheWeb.“Whywouldanyonebuyit”theyasked.IfIhadbeenofameconservativenatureIwouldn’thavedoneitbutIreallydidn’tw

6、anttowriteanothercomputerbookinthesameoldway.Ididn’tknowwhatwouldhappenbutitturnedouttobethesmartestthingI’veeverdonewithabook.Fonethingpeoplestartedsendingincrections.Thishasbeenanamazingprocessbecausefolkshavelookedint

7、oeverynookcrannycaughtbothtechnicalgrammaticalerrsI’vebeenabletoeliminatebugsofallststhatIknowwouldhave2programmerstoeventually“hitthewall”withthatlanguage.FexampleChadtobebackwardscompatiblewithC(toalloweasymigrationfCp

8、rogrammers)aswellasefficient.ThosearebothveryusefulgoalsaccountfmuchofthesuccessofCbuttheyalsoexposeextracomplexitythatpreventssomeprojectsfrombeingfinished(certainlyyoucanblameprogrammersmanagementbutifalanguagecanhelpb

9、ycatchingyourmistakeswhyshouldn’tit).AsanotherexampleVisualBasic(VB)wastiedtoBASICwhichwasn’treallydesignedtobeanextensiblelanguagesoalltheextensionspileduponVBhaveproducedsometrulyhribleunmaintainablesyntax.Perlisbackwa

10、rdscompatiblewithAwkSedGrepotherUnixtoolsitwasmeanttoreplaceasaresultisoftenaccusedofproducing“writeonlycode”(thatisafterafewmonthsyoucan’treadit).OntheotherhCVBPerlotherlanguageslikeSmalltalkhadsomeoftheirdesignefftsfoc

11、usedontheissueofcomplexityasaresultareremarkablysuccessfulinsolvingcertaintypesofproblems.WhathasimpressedmemostasIhavecometounderstJavaiswhatseemslikeanunflinchinggoalofreducingcomplexityftheprogrammer.Asiftosay“wedon’t

12、careaboutanythingexceptreducingthetimedifficultyofproducingrobustcode.”Intheearlydaysthisgoalhasresultedincodethatdoesn’trunveryfast(althoughtherehavebeenmanypromisesmadeabouthowquicklyJavawillsomedayrun)butithasindeedpr

13、oducedamazingreductionsindevelopmenttimehalflessofthetimethatittakestocreateanequivalentCprogram.ThisresultalonecansaveincredibleamountsoftimemoneybutJavadoesn’tstopthere.Itgoesontowrapallthecomplextasksthathavebecomeimp

14、tantsuchasmultithreadingwkprogramminginlanguagefeatureslibrariesthatcanattimesmakethosetaskstrivial.finallyittacklessomereallybigcomplexityproblems:crossplatfmprogramsdynamiccodechangesevensecurityeachofwhichcanfitonyour

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