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1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯THETHERESEARCHSRESEARCHSOFOFAMTAMTSHIFTINGSHIFTINGSCHEDULESSCHEDULESThemodernautomatictransmissionisbyfar，themostcomplicatedmechanicalcomponentintoday`sautomobile.Itisatypeoftransmissionthatsiftsitself.Afluidcoup

2、lingtqueconverterisusedinsteadofamanuallyoperatedclutchtoconnectthetransmissiontotheengine.Therearetwobasictypesofautomatictransmissionbasedonwhetherthevehicleisrearwheeldrivefrontwheeldrive.Onarearwheeldrivecar，thetrans

3、missionisusuallymountedtothebackoftheengineislocatedunderthehumpinthecenterofthefloboardalongsidethegaspedalposition.Adriveshaftconnectsthetransmissiontothefinaldrivewhichislocatedintherearaxleisusedtosendpowertotherearw

4、heels.Powerflowonthissystemissimplestraightfwardgoingfromtheengine，throughthetqueconverter，thentroughthetransmissiondriveshaftuntilitreachesthefinaldrivewhereitissplitsenttothetworeartransmission.Onafrontwheeldrivecar，th

5、etransmissionisusuallycombinedwiththefinaldrivetofmwhatiscalledatransaxle.Theengineonafrontwheeldrivecarisusuallymountedsidewaysinthecarwiththetransaxletuckedunderitonthesideoftheenginefacingtherearofthecar.Frontaxlesare

6、connecteddirectlytothetransaxleprovidepowertofrontwheels.Inthisexample，powerfloesfromtheengine，throughthetqueconvertertoalargerchainthatsendsthepowerthrougha180degreeturntothetransmissionthatisalongsidetheengine.Fromther

7、e，thepowerisroutedthroughthetransmissiontothefinaldrivewhereitissplitsenttothetwofrontwheelsthroughthedriveaxles.gear(whichisheldstationary)causingtheplacarriertoturntheoutputshaftinthesamedirectionastheinputshaftbutatas

8、lowerspeedcausinggearreduction(similartoacarinfirstgear).Ifweunlockthesungearlockanytwoelementstogether，thiswillcauseallthreeelementstoturnatthesamespeedsothattooutputshaftwillturnatthesamerateofspeedastheinputshaft.This

9、islikeacarthatisthirdhighgear.Anotherwaywecanuseaplaarygearsetisbylockingtheplacarrierfrommoving，thenapplyingpowertotheringgearwhichwillcausethesungeartoturninoppositedirectiongivingusreversegear.TheillustrationinFigures

10、howshowthesimplesystemdescribedabovewouldlookinanactualtransmission.Theinputshaftisconnectedtotheringgear，theoutputshaftisconnectedtotheplacarrierwhichisalsoconnectedtoa“Multidisk”clutchpack.Thesungearisconnectedtodrumwh

11、ichisalsoconnectedtotheotherhalfoftheclutchpack.Surroundingtheoutsideofthedrumisabthatcanbetightenedaroundthedrumwhenrequiredtopreventthedrumwiththeattachedsungearfromturning.Theclutchpackisused，inthisinstance，tolockthep

12、lacarrierwiththesungearfcingbothtoturnatthesamespeed.Ifboththeclutchpackthebwerereleased，thesystemwouldbeinneutral.Turningtheinputshaftwouldturntheplagearsagainstthesungear，butsincenotingisholdingthesungear，itwilljustspi

13、nfreehavenoeffectontheoutputshaft.Toplacetheunitinfirstgear，thebisappliedtoholdthesungearfrommoving.Toshiftfromfirsttohighgear，thebisreleasedtheclutchisappliedcausingtheoutputshafttoturnatthesamespeedastheinputshaft.Many

14、mecombinationsarepossibleusingtwomeplaarysetsconnectedinvariouswaytoprovidethedifferentfwardspeedsreversethatarefoundinmodernautomatictransmission.2）ClutchpackAclutchpackconsistsofalternatingdisksthatfitinsideaclutchdrum

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