book 3 板塊五 modules 3

1、Ⅰ.詞匯認知1． vt.& n．(雷電、暴風雨等)襲擊2． vt.毀壞3． adj.以前的4． vt.埋葬→ n．埋葬；葬禮5． adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強烈的→ n．暴力,Module 3　The Violence of Nature,stri

2、ke,ruin,previous,bury,burial,violent,violence,6． n．(火山的)爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)→ vt.(火山的)爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)7． n．可能；可能性→ adj.可能的8． adv.幸運地；幸虧→

3、 adj.幸運的→ n．幸運；運氣→ adj.不幸的；運氣不佳的9． vt.經歷n.經歷，經驗→ adj.有經驗的10． adj.嚇人的；可怕的→ v．使驚嚇，使嚇倒11．

4、 到……時候12． 以……結束/結果為……13． 使……著火；放火燒……14． 撲滅；熄滅；伸出,eruption,erupt,possibility,possible,luckily/fortunately,lucky/fortunate,luck/fortune,unlucky/unfortunate

5、,experienced,experience,terrifying,terrify,by the time,end up,set fire to sth.,put out,15． 發(fā)生16． 總計，合計17． 失去生命Ⅱ.語境助記A massive and mudslide Z

6、houqu County in August,2010，which a lot of .Many people were alive and lots of people lost their lives.People all over the world offered their helping hands immediately after it

7、 .There is a that experts will be able to forecast some natural disasters accurately in the future.,take place,in all,lose one's life,violent,struck,cause

8、d,damage,buried,occurred,possibility,experienced,,terrifying,1．experience n. [C]經歷；[U]經驗　vt.經歷，體驗；感受,①Our country has experienced great changes in the past 60 years.我國在過去60年經歷了巨大變化。②He had many interesting experiences

9、while travelling in Africa.他在非洲旅行時，有許多有趣的經歷。③Emily is a 10­year­old girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school。艾米麗是個十歲的女孩兒，在被學校的同學接受的過程中，也體驗了一些困難。,2．cause vt.引起；導致n.

10、原因，起因；理由；事業(yè)；目標,①The police have been looking into the cause of the man's death.警方一直在調查該男子的死因。②Red can cause a person's blood pressure to rise and increase people's appetites(食欲)．紅色能使人血壓升高，增加人的食欲。③Animal wel

11、fare campaigners raised ￡70,000 for their cause last year.動物保護主義者去年為保護動物募集了7萬英鎊。,3.occur vi.發(fā)生，出現；(想法、念頭等)想起，浮現,①Apart from that，there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.除了那件事之外，在

12、上下班路上發(fā)生了有各種各樣的災禍。②It didn't occur to him that she would refuse his invitation.他沒有想到她會拒絕他的邀請。③It never occurred_to me to meet my first teacher in the small town.我從來沒想到會在這座小鎮(zhèn)上見到我的啟蒙老師。,4.bury vt.埋葬；埋藏；用……覆蓋①The ceme

13、tery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan's coffin ended up in the sea.掩埋科格倫的公墓被颶風所摧毀，他的棺材最后被卷入了大海。,②She buried her face in her hands and cried.她雙手捂著臉哭了起來。③After the divorce，she burie

14、d herself in her work.離婚后，她全心撲在工作上。④He turned away，burying his face in the pillow.他轉過身，把臉埋在枕頭底下。,5．strike vt.(雷電、暴風雨等)襲擊；擊打，打動；(打擊時鐘)敲響(報時)；使突然想起(想法，主意)n.罷工；打擊,①The girl struck a match to light a cigarette.那女孩劃火柴點燃一根

15、煙。②By the late 1890s，he had moved to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.到19世紀90年代末他已搬到了Galveston，并于1899年，就是颶風襲擊的前一年在這里去世。③Floods struck Thailand this year，affecting the normal life of t

16、he people.今年洪水襲擊了泰國，影響了人們的正常生活。,6．damage n．損失；損害，破壞 vt.使……受損①Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage.加利福尼亞地震引起的火災造成了最嚴重的損失。②My mother is right：don't damage your health for a slim and a

17、ttractive figure.我媽媽說得對：不要為了苗條動人的身材毀了自己的健康。③Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.食物鏈因天氣原因而受到嚴重的損害。,7.end up以……結束，以……而告終,①If you don't know what you want，you might end up getting something you d

18、on't want.如果你不知道你想要什么，結果你可能會得到自己不想要的東西。②Every time they went dancing，they ended up in a bad mood.每次他們去跳舞，結果心情總是很糟糕。③If he carries on driving like that，he'll end_up dead.他如果繼續(xù)照那樣開車的話，早晚得死于非命。,8．on average平均起來

19、,①400 people a year die of this disease on average.平均每年有400人死于這種疾病。②Susie's school work is well above average.蘇西的學習成績遠遠高于平均水平。③And this may explain why women on_average live longer than men.并且這可能是女子的平均壽命比男子大的原因。,

20、9．take off去掉，減去；脫下；(飛機)起飛；突然開始成功；休假,①As the plane was taking off，he remembered he hadn't turned the light off.飛機起飛時，他才想起他沒有關上燈。②I'm taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.我星期四要休假，去買一些圣誕禮物。③The new m

21、agazine has really taken off.這份新雜志真是大受歡迎。④In Korea，you should take_off your shoes when entering a house.在韓國，進入房間時，你應該摘下你的帽子。,1．(2013年濰坊模擬)—I'm sorry I stepped outside for a smoke.I was very tired.—There is no ____

22、____ for this while you are on duty.A．reason　　　　　　　 　B．excuseC．cause D．explanation解析：根據句意可知回答者對解釋原因的人很不滿意，因此要用“借口(excuse)”表達不相信或陳述內容不客觀。答案：B,2．Why are you so anxious？It isn't y

23、our problem ________.A．on purpose B．in allC．on time D．after all解析：句意：你為什么如此擔心？畢竟，那不是你的問題。after all“畢竟”；on purpose“故意地”；in all“總共，共計”；on time“準時”。答案：D,

24、3．The flood this summer caused serious ________ to the crops in Northeast China.A．damage B．harmC．hurt D．injury解析：B、C、D三項主要指肉體或心靈方面的傷害，所以該題應

25、選damage表示“損失”。答案：A,4．(2012年高考四川卷)It's surprising that your brother ________ Russian so quickly－h(huán)e hasn't lived there very long.A．picked up B．looked upC．put up

26、 D．made up解析：句意：你的弟弟學習俄語學得如此快，真是令人驚訝——他還沒在那兒住多長時間。本題考查動詞短語辨析。pick up學會；look up查閱；put up建造，張貼；make up彌補，化妝，編造。根據句意可知答案為A。答案：A,5．(2012年高考安徽卷)The athlete's years of hard training ________ when she f

27、inally won the Olympic gold medal.A．went on B．got throughC．paid off D．ended up解析：句意：當這名運動員最后奪得奧運金牌的時候，她多年的刻苦訓練得到了回報?？疾閯釉~詞組辨析。pay off：(尤指冒風險的政策、做法等)帶來好結果，成功，

28、行得通；得到回報；A：繼續(xù)；B：通過，度過，接通電話；D：結束。根據語境可知C項正確。答案：C,6．－Miss Brown is very busy，isn't she?－So she is.She has ________ greater responsibilities since she was promoted.A．taken off B．ta

29、ken afterC．taken in D．taken on解析：考查動詞短語辨析。take off起飛，脫；take after與……相像；take in參加，領會，理解；take on承擔。答案：D,7．In the after­class activities，the students had plenty of ________ and

30、gained a lot of practical ________.A．exercises；experiences B．practices；experienceC．practice；experience D．exercise；experiences解析：第一個空表示“學生們在課外活動中得到充分的鍛煉”，可用exercise或practice，但不能為復數形式；第二個空表示“獲得許多

31、實際的經驗”，experience表示“經驗”時為不可數名詞。答案：C,8．It ________ me that I should treat myself a dinner after such an exhausting examination.A．happened B．struckC．occurred

32、 D．took解析：句意：我突然想到，經過了這樣一次令人疲憊不堪的考試后，我應當讓自己好好吃一頓。此句要用It struck me that...句式表示“突然想起……”，occurred后面要接介詞to。答案：B,9．According to the report，the income of the poorest families in this part of the country has increased b

33、y 9.6 percent in the first three quarters of this year，that is,0.4 percent above the ________ increase in rural areas.A．average B．adequateC．traditional D．ap

34、proximate解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：根據這份報告，今年前三個季度，該國的這個地區(qū)最貧窮家庭的收入增長了9.6%，也就是說，比農村地區(qū)的平均增長量要高0.4%。從語意的連貫判斷選A，表示“平均的”。B“足夠的”，C“傳統(tǒng)的”，D“大約的”，都不符合語意。答案：A,10．All the students in our class buried themselves ________ studies，________ the c

35、oming exam.A．in；preparing B．in；preparing forC．for；prepared D．for；prepared for解析：句意：我們班所有的學生都埋頭于學習，為即將到來的考試做準備。bury oneself in埋頭于……；prepare作伴隨狀語，故用v.­ing形式，“為……作準備”要

36、用prepare for。答案：B,11．Several rounds of air and ground attacks from the allied force left the whole city ________.A．in pieces B．in ruinsC．in part D．in p

37、lace解析：in ruins意為“成為廢墟”。in pieces意為“成為碎片”；in part意為“部分地”；in place意為“在適當的位置”。答案：B,12．It is possible that one day we will ________ disability，so we shouldn't look down upon the disabled.A．end up with

38、 B．put up withC．come up with D．catch up with解析：句意：有可能某一天我們會成為殘疾人，因此我們不應該歧視殘疾人。end up with 以……結束；put up with忍受，忍耐；come up with提出；catch up with趕上。答案：A,1．By the time it ended，more t

39、han 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.等到龍卷風停時，已有700多人死亡，2 700多人受傷。[知識提煉]　by the time可以引導一個從句。當其從句時態(tài)為過去時態(tài)時，主句的時態(tài)常用過去完成時。[句式仿寫]　愛因斯坦14歲時已自學完了高等數學。By_the_time_he_was_14，Einstein_had_learned_advanced_m

40、athematics_all_by_himself.,2．When the lava reached the sea，there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.當巖漿到達大海時，有可能引起巨大浪潮，它會淹沒半個島嶼。[知識提煉]　本句中出現了there is/was the possibility of結構，表示“有

41、……的可能性”，另外，there is/was the/a possibility后面跟that引導的同位語從句，表示possibility的內容。[句式仿寫]　很可能他們會在下一次選舉中取得勝利。There_is_a_strong_possibility_that_they_will_win_the_next_election.,3．Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the

42、 most damage.由加利福尼亞地震引起的火災造成的損失最大。[知識提煉]　caused by the California Earthquake在句中做定語，修飾fires。[句式仿寫]　你參加昨天舉行的會議了嗎？Did_you_attend_the_meeting_held_yesterday?4．Have you been told what to do if there was an earthquake?有人告

43、訴你地震了該怎么辦嗎？[知識提煉]　what to do屬于“疑問詞＋不定式”結構，該結構在句中可作主語、表語等，作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數。[句式仿寫]　怎么做還未定下來。How_to_do_it_is_not_decided.,1．They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.他們能破壞房子，而把家具完全留在原處。 本句

44、屬于“l(fā)eave sb./sth.＋賓補”結構，表示“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”。inside為形容詞作后置定語，修飾the furniture，where it was為地點狀語作leave的賓補。,①Leave the door open and you will breathe fresh air.讓門開著你就會呼吸到新鮮的空氣。②Don't leave the water running while you brush y

45、our teeth.刷牙的時候不要開著水龍頭。③If a person is badly injured in an accident，you'd better leave him where he is.如果一個人在事故中傷得很重，你最好讓他呆在原地不要動他。,(1)leave＋賓語＋with/to sb.表示“把……留給/交給某人”，一般與介詞with或to搭配。如：Leave it with/to me and I&

46、#39;ll see what I can do.把它交給我，我看看能做什么。(2)leave＋賓語＋地點狀語，leave作“留下”、“丟下”、“落下”講，常表示“將某物/某人落在/忘在某地”。leave sth./sb.at home把某物遺忘在家/把某人留在家；leave sth./sb.behind將……留下/遺落。如：Better take off your shoes and leave them outside.最好

47、把鞋脫掉，放在外面。(3)There is something/nothing left...這兒有東西/沒有東西剩下。leave的過去分詞形式left常用作后置定語，表示“剩下的”(remaining也可表示“剩余的”，它只能作前置定語)。如：Is there any water left in the bottle?瓶子里還有水嗎？,2．On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US

48、each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.平均來說，美國每年發(fā)生800次龍卷風，造成大約80人死亡，1 500人受傷。句中causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries為現在分詞短語做狀語，表示結果。,①European football is played in more than 80 countries，making it th

49、e most popular sport in the world.80多個國家都踢歐式足球，這使它成為世界上最流行的運動。②The old man went back home late，only to find the door open.老人回家很晚，結果卻發(fā)現門開著。,1．The Spanish football team won the South Africa World Cup on July 13th，______

50、__ it the 8th country to have won the World Cup.A．made　　　　　 　　B．makingC．to make D．to have made解析：考查現在分詞的用法。此處現在分詞短語作結果狀語。句意：西班牙足球隊贏得了7月13日的南非世界杯，致使西班牙成為第八個贏得世界杯的國家。答案：B

51、,2．(2012年高考全國Ⅱ卷)Tony lent me the money，________ that I'd do as much for him.A．hoping B．to hopeC．hoped D．having hoped解析：句意：托尼借錢給我，希望我為他多做些事。本題

52、考查非謂語動詞作狀語。首先排除C項，如選C項，需在設空處前加and。根據上下文可知設空處作伴隨狀語，故答案為A項。B項常作目的狀語，故被排除。D項having hoped表示該動作先于lent這一動作發(fā)生，不符合句意要求，故也被排除。答案：A,3．Mao Xinyu，the grandson of Mao Zedong，was promoted to the rank of major general，________ him the

53、 youngest person in the PLA to hold that presently.A．to make B．makingC．made D．makes解析：考查非謂語動詞。making在此處作伴隨狀語。答案：B,4．(2012年高考天津卷)He got up late

54、and hurried to his office，________ the breakfast untouched.A．left B．to leaveC．leaving D．having left解析：句意：他起晚了，然后匆忙趕到辦公室，早飯根本沒動。考查非謂語動詞作

55、狀語。根據句子結構可知此處用現在分詞leaving作結果狀語。A項改為and left才正確；B項表目的及將來含義；D項表示該動作先于謂語動詞動作發(fā)生。答案：C,5．(2012年高考山東卷)George returned after the war，only ________ that his wife had left him.A．to be told B．tell