2017年中考英語被動語態(tài)(重要)

1、1被動語態(tài)一、語態(tài)概述一、語態(tài)概述英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.謂語：speak的動作是由主語manypeople來執(zhí)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主語Chinese是動詞speak的承受者。二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成二、被動

2、語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞“構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)以speak為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般現(xiàn)在時：am／is／are＋spoken一般過去時：was／were＋spoken一般將來時：will／shallbe＋spoken現(xiàn)在進行時：am／is／arebeing＋spoken過去進行時：were／wasbeing＋spoken現(xiàn)在完成時：have／hasbeen＋s

3、poken過去完成時：hadbeenspoken三、被動語態(tài)的用法三、被動語態(tài)的用法(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道電腦是誰偷的)Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。(2)強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是邁

4、克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.這本書是他寫的。Yourhomewkmustbefinishedontime.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。四、被動語態(tài)的用法詳解：1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：isamare及物動詞的過去分詞Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.Iamaskedtostudyhard.Knivesareusedfcuttingthings.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：wa

5、swere及物動詞的過去分詞Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.Dinosaureggswerelaidlongtimeago.3.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：hashavebeen及物動詞的過去分詞Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Manymanmadesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.4.一般將來時的被動語

6、態(tài)構(gòu)成：willbe及物動詞的過去分詞Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.Manymetreeswillbeplantednextyear.5.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動詞be及物動詞的過去分詞Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.Yourmistakesshouldbecrectedrightnow.Thedomaybelockedinside.Yourhomewkcanbeh

7、edintomrow.6.現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：amisarebeing及物動詞的過去分詞UncleWangisrepairingmybikenow.→MybikeisbeingrepairedbyUncleWangnow.3A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()8.When___thiskindofcomputers______Lastyear.A.diduseB.w

8、asusedC.isusedD.areused()9.TheGreatWall____alloverthewld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown()10.Who_____thisbook_____A.didwrittenB.waswrittenbyC.didwrittenD.waswritten()11.Asty_____byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtou

9、sC.istoldusD.toldus()12.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump()13.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput()14.Olderpeople____well.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustl

10、ookafterD.lookedafter()15.Ourteacher______carefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。（120=20=20分）分）(請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面噢請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面噢)1.Itssaid(據(jù)說)thatthelongbridge

11、______________（build）intwomonths2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）inthewld？4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees_____________

12、_（cut）down6.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdeskschairs.7.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.8.Vegetableseggsfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.9.What_______knives______(make)ofThey_____________

13、__(make)ofmetal(金屬)wood.10.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary11.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.12.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.13.Someflowers_______________(water)byLiMingalready.14.Thisk

14、indofshoes__________(sell)well.15.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity16.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.17.Look!Someone__________(dance).三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。（130=30分）分）1.IsteagrowninSouthChina？（改為

15、主動語態(tài)）_______people_________teainSouthChina？2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Abirthdaypresent____________________________bymyparentseveryyear3.Thewkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(對劃線提問)How______________