外文翻譯---組合機(jī)床cad系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)與研究

1、<p><b>　　外文資料</b></p><p>　　The aggregate machine-tool CAD system development and research</p><p>　　abstract aggregate machine-tool CAD is in Window 95/98, Wndows under the NT4.0

2、 environment, designs personnel's special-purpose CAD system with VC5.0 and the AutoCAD R14 ADS/ARX technology development face the aggregate machine-tool.This software technological advance, performance reliable, fu

3、nction strong, convenient practical, has provided the modernized design tool for our country aggregate machine-tool profession.</p><p>　　Key word: Aggregate machine-tool CAD jig CAD multi-axle-box CAD</p&

4、gt;<p>　　1 uses the aggregate machine-tool CAD technology imperative</p><p>　　The aggregate machine-tool is with according to serialized, the standardized design general part and the special purpose m

5、achine which composes according to the work piece shape and the processing technological requirement design special-purpose part, belongs to the disposable design, the disposable manufacture piecework product.Therefore,

6、the design quantity is big, the design work is complex.In the current competition intense market economy, the user to the engine bed technical sophistication,</p><p>　　2 aggregate machine-tool CAD the applic

7、ation present situation</p><p>　　Overseas aggregate machine-tool CAD technology research starts the comparison early.At the beginning of the 70's, some industry developed country first starts in the mult

8、i-axle-box CAD aspect to study. Has entered since in particular for the 90's, along with the computer technology development, the interactive cartography and the database management system and so on the development a

9、nd the application, causes the aggregate machine-tool CAD technology day by day practical also the use scope expan</p><p>　　In recent years, according to us to American several main engine bed factories (BUR

10、GMAST, KINGSBURY, companies and so on INGERSOLL LAMB, CINCINNATI, MILACRON, CROSS) the understanding, its CAD technology obtained the universal application. In which most noticeable is INGERSOLL Corporation has 50 intera

11、ctive CAD workstation composition software and hardware environment, caused it to realize nearly 100% CAD.</p><p>　　On the domestic machine tool design portfolio using CAD understanding earlier. The beginnin

12、g of the 1970s, Dalian Machine Tool Institute portfolio started on the research in this area of work. 1978 state as a combination of mechanical CAD machine industrial projects, and instructed the Shanghai Jiaotong Univer

13、sity. Dalian Machine Tool Institute portfolio, a ministry official in charge of the Institute of Automation, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinghua University, Beijing University of Technol</p><p>　　However,

14、 the combination of machine CAD system is 12-27 in VAX II and Micro VAX II on the development, hardware investment, which is difficult to use. By the time the hardware and software environment for the restrictions, narro

15、w scope of application software, users inconvenient.</p><p>　　3 Development portfolio dedicated machine CAD system software CAD technology is the contemporary electronic information technology an important c

16、omponent of , CAD technology to be commercialized as the most important high-tech industries. The supporting software and hardware, on the basis of different industries, different professions secondary development softwa

17、re, developed for the industry, The dedicated professional commercial software can not only make good economic returns, but will make s</p><p>　　"Ninth Five-Year Plan" period state auto industry as

18、 a pillar industry of the national economy, for the industry to provide a combination of technologies and equipment to machine tool industry to develop rapidly. Along with the development of the auto industry, machine de

19、signed to enhance portfolio quality, shorten the design cycle has become an extremely urgent task. Combined Machine CAD technology and can shorten the design cycle and improve design quality, enterprises in the sector im

20、prove it</p><p>　　Dalian is China's important industrial base, as a combination of Machine Tool Industry Technology and Development Center in Dalian Machine Tool Institute portfolio, industry should play

21、 the leading role for the realization of design automation, enhance technological innovation and product competitiveness. promoting our portfolio machine design standards, as soon as possible combination of machine tool

22、industry to provide factory-functional, flexible operation, with a friendly interface, high tec</p><p>　　4 software with the technical basis for the development of microelectronics</p><p>　　Tech

23、nology, computer performance has been greatly improved. P II has now dominated the market, P III began listing its CPU performance has been close to the years before the target workstation. Foreign CAD software to the PC

24、 Window95/98, Windows NT transplant, such as Pro / Engineer, I-Sui, such as CADDS5. Computer Graphics Accelerator in improving performance, the entity can basically the movement and rotation. PC CAD is a development dire

25、ction, the corresponding hardware to lower than many wor</p><p>　　Portfolio Machine CAD system software using C + + language, in the Windows environment for the development of the combination of machine desi

26、gn parameters of the graphic information management system. Database systems with C + + language independent preparation of the financial database software and operating system parameters graphic systems into one. formed

27、 powerful parametric graphic information management system. Modular Machine CAD system including removable fixture CAD system, Modular Mach</p><p>　　5.1 Combination fixture mechanical CAD system using parame

28、tric CAD graphics information management technology and interactive design methods, developed portfolio fixture CAD system, its widespread applicability, practical and promote the use of broad prospects. Combination fixt

29、ure CAD system, in accordance with its main functions can be divided into four modules : Location Support System CAD system, Clamping CAD system, CAD-oriented systems and devices typical fixture clamping force of the com

30、pu</p><p>　　5.1.1 Location Support System CAD systems for supporting the system by positioning support, Auxiliary support and spacing element composition. Location Support refers to the processing maintain a

31、 certain position workpiece components; Auxiliary support is only for the processing of the rigidity and stability of an activity-supporting components. Building support plate, supporting block, ancillary support, fixed-

32、pin, telescopic pin parametric graphics library and database performance through inqu</p><p>　　5.1.2 clamping CAD system clamping usually by clamping force, Transmission among agencies and clamping element i

33、s composed of three parts. Part of clamping force for the purpose of generating power source, and will pass on the middle forces drive; Middle drive as a Force that is, to change the direction of force and size, which ca

34、n produce self-locking, to ensure that the processing power source or disappeared, the role of the workpiece in the cutting force despite reliable clamping; Clamping el</p><p>　　5.1.3 device-oriented CAD sys

35、tem installation guide role is to ensure that the tool and workpiece and the tool of inter - The exact location, raising tool system supports rigid. Correct selection, design-oriented devices, assurance of the accuracy a

36、nd processing of reliable machine plays an important role in the work. Establish a fixed-oriented packages, "roll-forward" - oriented devices, , "roll-forward" device parameters oriented graphics libr

37、ary and database performance through inquiry-orient</p><p>　　5.1.4 typical fixture clamping force computer-aided analysis and calculation of the machine to ensure normal reliable working conditions, the clam

38、ping force the smaller the better. If blindly increasing the clamping force, which will result in the following consequences : increased fixture drive size; To improve clamping force and linked to the fixture so rigid fi

39、xture is too big; increase the clamping of the workpiece in the deformation and effects processing accuracy. Therefore, the right to d</p><p>　　Combination fixture interactive CAD system design methods, the

40、use of flexible, widespread applicability, meet all the technical requirements. Fixture system through the establishment of various components of the graphics library, parts of the parameters of graphics library, Paramet

41、er graphics information management system, interactive mapping portfolio fixture. </p><p>　　5.2 Combination Machine automatic alignment options CAD 3D graphics system, the total portfolio Machine CAD system,

42、 Portfolio Map Machine CAD System 5.2.1 portfolio automatic alignment machine 3D graphics CAD System The CAD system can automatically determine portfolio machine line, drawing portfolio machine automatically 3D graphics,

43、 Universal Machine portfolio management structure and performance parts database. This three part by the three independent process to achieve, Using Windows environm</p><p>　　5.2.2 total portfolio Machine CA

44、D system map total portfolio machine with automatic computer-aided design and human-computer design interactive design methods. Automatic design of the structure from the program to map out the final completion of a one-

45、time, interactive design is user participation, choice of interactive components, models and determine a method of positioning. Combination machine is used by the serialization, standardized generic components and by the

46、 shape of the workpiece and </p><p>　　5.2.3 Combination Machine CAD system portfolio Map Machine Tool schematic design and adjustment team Machine for the important work of one of the drawings, is to identif

47、y combinations machine linked size, composition Machine Drawing the basis for the total. To accomplish drilling and reaming, boring, Reaming, Tapping and milling processes. Portfolio machining complex matrix. According t

48、o the development of the last 10 years combined experience in the CAD machine, the automated design, only a few</p><p>　　5.3 CAD system more Axlebox CAD system </p><p>　　CAD system more Axlebox

49、CAD system is a specialized application software can be used for drilling and expansion. hinges, milling, drilling and thread offensive attack composite portfolio Machine Tool box design. System for the raw data from the

50、 combination of machine design, a plan that is three cards (workpiece map, processing matrix, Machine size map and the associated productivity calculation card), such as spindle coordinates, speed, and on this basis, int

51、eractive system to automatically or </p><p>　　5.3.1 Multi-axle box drive system design combination </p><p>　　Multi-axle box drive system design combination of multi-axle box machine drive system

52、 is a multi-axis, multi-gear, Multi-time complex transmission system. We have adopted a two-axis, three-axis drive, the basic methodology Transmission is the formation of the two basic methods of connecting continuously

53、portfolio called. The complete transmission module coordinates, various geometric interference checking, transmission components strength check. To achieve optimum transmission purposes (minimum </p><p>　　Fi

54、gure 1 2 shaft gear design Figure 2 triaxial Gear Design Optimization Optimization</p><p>　　0 -- gear shaft has 0 -- have gear shaft </p&g

55、t;<p>　　1 -- the new design Gear 1 -- Design new gear </p><p>　　6 Portfolio Machine CAD software operating environment</p><p>　　Software operating environment for the h

56、ardware : CPU 486 more, Memory 16 M over all software required disk space 350 M above. Software running the software environment : Windows 95/98, Windows NT 4.0, AutoCAD R14.0 7 Portfolio Machine CAD software has been ap

57、proved by experts and has a market push 1998</p><p>　　The combination of machine CAD software approved by experts. The software technology advanced, reliable performance, strong function, convenient and prac

58、tical. China machine tool industry portfolio provides a modern design tools, the technology level of a leading position at home. The software has been designed in modular machine tool manufacturing plant and the professi

59、onal engaged in internal-combustion engines, Engine production of large and medium-sized enterprises in the design and manufact</p><p><b>　　中文譯文</b></p><p>　　組合機(jī)床CAD系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)與研究</p>

60、<p>　　1　采用組合機(jī)床CAD技術(shù)勢(shì)在必行</p><p>　　組合機(jī)床是用按系列化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化設(shè)計(jì)的通用部件和按工件的形狀及加工工藝要求設(shè)計(jì)的專用部件組成的專用機(jī)床，屬于一次性設(shè)計(jì)、一次性制造的單件生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品。因此，設(shè)計(jì)量大，設(shè)計(jì)工作復(fù)雜。在當(dāng)前競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)中，用戶對(duì)機(jī)床的技術(shù)先進(jìn)性、質(zhì)量可靠性以及供貨周期都要求很高，而保證這諸多因素的關(guān)鍵是設(shè)計(jì)。過(guò)去那種落后的手工設(shè)計(jì)方法已不能滿足產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的

61、要求，采用CAD技術(shù)，甩掉圖板，已成為當(dāng)前技術(shù)革命的潮流，勢(shì)在必行。</p><p>　　2　組合機(jī)床CAD應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　國(guó)外組合機(jī)床CAD技術(shù)的研究開(kāi)始得比較早。70年代初，一些工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家首先在多軸箱CAD方面開(kāi)始研究。尤其是進(jìn)入90年代以來(lái)，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，交互式繪圖和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)等的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用，使組合機(jī)床CAD技術(shù)日益實(shí)用且使用范圍不斷擴(kuò)大，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在組合機(jī)

62、床設(shè)計(jì)中已普遍采用了CAD技術(shù)。目前，正在向CAD/CAM集成系統(tǒng)發(fā)展?！　〗陙?lái)，據(jù)我們對(duì)美國(guó)幾個(gè)主要機(jī)床廠家(BURGMAST、KINGSBURY、INGERSOLL LAMB、CINCINNATI、MILACRON、CROSS等公司)的了解，其CAD技術(shù)已得到普遍應(yīng)用。其中最引人注目的是INGERSOLL公司具有50個(gè)交互式CAD工作站組成的軟、硬件環(huán)境，使其實(shí)現(xiàn)了幾乎百分之百的CAD化?！　?guó)內(nèi)對(duì)組合機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)采用CAD的認(rèn)識(shí)

63、也比較早。70年代初，大連組合機(jī)床研究所就開(kāi)始了這方面的研究工作。1978年國(guó)家把組合機(jī)床CAD列為機(jī)械工業(yè)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，并責(zé)成上海交通大學(xué)、大連組合機(jī)床研究所、機(jī)械部自動(dòng)化研究所負(fù)責(zé)，大連理工大學(xué)、清華大學(xué)、北京工業(yè)大學(xué)、上海機(jī)電產(chǎn)品研究院等單位參加，對(duì)鉆孔組合機(jī)床CAD進(jìn)行了研究，從此揭開(kāi)了我國(guó)組合機(jī)床C</p><p>　　3　開(kāi)發(fā)組合機(jī)床CAD系統(tǒng)專用軟件</p><p>　　CAD技

64、術(shù)是當(dāng)代電子信息技術(shù)的重要組成部分，CAD技術(shù)商品化應(yīng)作為高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)中重中之重。在支撐軟件和硬件的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)不同行業(yè)、不同專業(yè)進(jìn)行軟件二次開(kāi)發(fā)，開(kāi)發(fā)出適合本行業(yè)、本專業(yè)的專用商品化軟件，不僅可以取得良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，而且會(huì)取得重大的社會(huì)效益?！　　熬盼濉逼陂g國(guó)家把汽車(chē)工業(yè)作為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，給汽車(chē)工業(yè)提供技術(shù)裝備的組合機(jī)床行業(yè)得以迅速發(fā)展。隨著汽車(chē)工業(yè)的發(fā)展，提高組合機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量、縮短設(shè)計(jì)周期便成為極其迫切的任務(wù)。采用組合機(jī)床C

65、AD技術(shù)，能縮短設(shè)計(jì)周期，提高產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量，提高企業(yè)在行業(yè)中的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，給企業(yè)帶來(lái)顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益?！　〈筮B是我國(guó)重要的工業(yè)基地，作為組合機(jī)床行業(yè)科技開(kāi)發(fā)中心的大連組合機(jī)床研究所，應(yīng)當(dāng)發(fā)揮行業(yè)的主導(dǎo)作用，為實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)自動(dòng)化、增強(qiáng)企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力和產(chǎn)品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力，推動(dòng)我國(guó)組合機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)水平，盡快向組合機(jī)床行業(yè)廠提供功能強(qiáng)、操作靈活、界面友好、技術(shù)含量高的組合機(jī)床CAD軟件。</p><p>　　4　開(kāi)發(fā)軟件的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)<

66、;/p><p>　　隨著微電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展，微機(jī)的性能有了很大的提高?，F(xiàn)在PⅡ已經(jīng)主導(dǎo)市場(chǎng)，PⅢ開(kāi)始上市，其CPU性能指標(biāo)已接近幾年前的工作站指標(biāo)。國(guó)外CAD軟件向微機(jī)的Window95/98、Windows NT上移植，如Pro/Engineer、Ⅰ-DEAS、CADDS5等。微機(jī)的圖形加速卡性能在提高，基本上能進(jìn)行實(shí)體的移動(dòng)和旋轉(zhuǎn)。微機(jī)CAD是一個(gè)發(fā)展方向，相應(yīng)的硬件比工作站要降低很多。經(jīng)過(guò)幾年的努力，我們利用Wi

67、ndows的SDK軟件開(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù)、Windows環(huán)境下多進(jìn)程間的動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)交換技術(shù)(DDE)、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作技術(shù)(ODBC)、圖形軟件二次開(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù)及目標(biāo)鏈接與嵌入技術(shù)(OLE)，開(kāi)發(fā)了集通用機(jī)械CAD和組合機(jī)床CAD于一體的CAD集成系統(tǒng)。</p><p>　　5　組合機(jī)床CAD系統(tǒng)軟件</p><p>　　組合機(jī)床CAD系統(tǒng)軟件采用C＋＋語(yǔ)言，在Windows環(huán)境下開(kāi)發(fā)的面向組合機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)人員的參

68、數(shù)化圖形信息管理系統(tǒng)。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)用C＋＋語(yǔ)言獨(dú)立編寫(xiě)，本軟件融數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作系統(tǒng)和參數(shù)化圖形系統(tǒng)于一體，形成功能強(qiáng)大的參數(shù)化圖形信息管理系統(tǒng)。組合機(jī)床CAD系統(tǒng)包括組合機(jī)床夾具CAD系統(tǒng)、組合機(jī)床自動(dòng)線方案三維圖形CAD系統(tǒng)、組合機(jī)床總圖CAD系統(tǒng)、組合機(jī)床加工示意圖CAD系統(tǒng)和組合機(jī)床多軸箱CAD系統(tǒng)。5.1　組合機(jī)床夾具CAD系統(tǒng)　　利用機(jī)械CAD參數(shù)化圖形信息管理技術(shù)和交互設(shè)計(jì)方法，開(kāi)發(fā)組合機(jī)床夾具CAD系統(tǒng)，其適用面廣、實(shí)用性強(qiáng)

69、、推廣應(yīng)用前景廣闊。組合機(jī)床夾具CAD系統(tǒng)按照其主要功能可分為四大模塊：定位支撐系統(tǒng)CAD系統(tǒng)、夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)CAD系統(tǒng)、導(dǎo)向裝置CAD系統(tǒng)和典型夾具夾緊力的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助分析與計(jì)算。5.1.1　定位支撐系統(tǒng)CAD系統(tǒng)　　定位支撐系統(tǒng)主要由定位支撐、輔助支撐和限位元件組成。定位支撐是指在加工過(guò)程中維持工件有一定位置的元件；輔助支撐是僅用作加工過(guò)程中的剛度及穩(wěn)定性的一種活動(dòng)式支撐元件。建立支撐板、支撐塊、輔助支撐、固定式定位銷(xiāo)、伸縮式定位銷(xiāo)參數(shù)

70、化圖形庫(kù)及其性能數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，通過(guò)查</p><p>　　圖1　二軸齒輪設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化　　　　　　　圖2　三軸齒輪設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化 0——軸上已有齒輪　 0——軸上已有齒輪</p><p>　　1——新設(shè)計(jì)齒輪 　　 1——新設(shè)計(jì)齒輪</p><p>　　6　組合機(jī)床CAD軟件運(yùn)行環(huán)境</p><p>　

71、　軟件運(yùn)行的硬件環(huán)境：　　CPU 486以上，內(nèi)存16M以上，全部軟件所需硬盤(pán)空間350M以上?！　≤浖\(yùn)行的軟件環(huán)境：　　Windows95/98，Windows NT4.0，AutoCAD R14.0</p><p>　　7　組合機(jī)床CAD軟件已通過(guò)專家鑒定并已經(jīng)推向市場(chǎng)</p><p>　　1998年組合機(jī)床CAD軟件已通過(guò)專家鑒定。該軟件技術(shù)先進(jìn)、性能可靠、功能強(qiáng)、方便實(shí)用，

72、為我國(guó)組合機(jī)床行業(yè)提供了現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)計(jì)工具，其技術(shù)水平處于國(guó)內(nèi)領(lǐng)先地位?！　≡撥浖言诮M合機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)制造的專業(yè)廠和從事內(nèi)燃機(jī)、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)的大中型企業(yè)的組合機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)制造部門(mén)廣泛應(yīng)用。如江蘇恒力組合機(jī)床股份有限公司、保定第二機(jī)床廠、常柴股份有限公司、山東華源萊動(dòng)內(nèi)燃機(jī)有限公司等。企業(yè)在改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)中，通過(guò)采用CAD技術(shù)，發(fā)揮了電子信息技術(shù)的威力，提高了設(shè)計(jì)水平，增強(qiáng)了企業(yè)的創(chuàng)造能力和產(chǎn)品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力，取得了良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。</p&