31306.外來植物物種的入侵機(jī)制及其對生境特征的響應(yīng)

1、南京師范大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文外來植物物種的入侵機(jī)制及其對生境特征的響應(yīng)姓名：齊相貞申請學(xué)位級別：博士專業(yè)：自然地理學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師：林振山20070501南京師范大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文齊相貞：外來植物物種的入侵機(jī)制及其對生境特征的響應(yīng)Abstract鈉tIlincreasingeconomic，tradingtravelingandotherhumanactivities。invasionsofexoticspecieshasbecomeoneofth

2、emostimportantglobalscaleproblems，whichnotnolyaltersecologicalfunctioningandthreatensbiodiversitybutalsocauseshugeeconomiclossesandecologicalthreatsMorethan50yearshavepasthoweverbiologicalinvasionsarestillscarceofuniform

3、theoreticalandpredictive自vdl／leResearchesonbiologicalinvasionsaremainlydiscussedbytwoanglesonefocusesonthreekeyproblemsonbiologicalinvasions，iespeciesinvasiveness，invisibilityofcommunityandpest(impact)；theotheremphasizes

4、theinvasionprocessbyexoticspeciesiefourstagesofintroduction，establishment，spreadandstabilization(impact／pest)，whichmakestheresearchoninvasionmechanismmucheasierHowever)tllesestudiesonspeciesinvasionshavetendedtofocusonsp

5、eciesthataremorelikelytobesuccessfulcolonizersthanthosethatquicklydisappearfromtheinvadedcommunitesAdditionallysurviorsproducinghiglllyvisibleecologicalandeconomicimpactsaremorelikelytobestudiedthaninconspicuousorinnocuo

6、usspeciesGiventhistendencyfailedornonvisiblecolonistsareunderrecorded，andthiscreatesasignificantbiasinthedataoninvasivespeciesSointhispaperinvasionmechanismbyexoticspecieswasinvestigatedbydiffertiatingexoticclonalplantsp

7、ecies(rhizomaticplantandstoloniferousplant)andexoticsexualplantspeciesproducingslightandsmallseedsThestudynotonlycanexhibitvariouslifehistorytraitsandspatialpatternsoftwoplanttypes，butalsocaninvolvethe‘“threefocus’’and“f

8、ourstages’involvedinbiologicalinvasionsAlsothemodelresultsaretestedbypopulationdynamicsofexoticspeciesSpartinaalterniflorathroughindoorexp嘶ment，fieldinvestigationsanddataanalysis，whichaccordswellInnovativemodels，biologic

9、alinvasiondisturbancemodelandcellularautomatamodel，walesetupinthepaperwhichprinciplydisclosedthemechanismsofbiologicalinvasionsandresponsetovarioushabitattraitsSixconclusionscanbedrawnbyagreatdealofnumericalsimulations，t

10、heoreticalanalysisandfieldinvestigations：1)Exoticspeciesinvasionscanresultinoneofthefollowingfourpossibilitiesaccordingtovariousdispersalabilities：a)rejectionfuilme，”coexistencec)indirectfailureandd)rejection；2)Theoptima

11、lspreadofexoticclonalplantisin6directions；3)Superiorexoticspeciescannotnecessarillyinvadenativeecosystem，whichisassociatedwithbiologycharacteristicsandhabitatconditionsbesidesdispersalabilitiesInvirtueofclonaladvantage，i

12、nferiorexoticspeciesc勰precolonizeavailablehabitat(Firstcolonize，firstdeveloprule)Andacertainhabitatincreaseandhabitatdestructioncanclearoffabilityofcompetition；4)Effectofhabitatdestructiononexoticspeciesinvasionsisdeterm