我國永續(xù)債會計確認問題研究——基于金融負債和權(quán)益工具區(qū)分角度分析.pdf

1、我國永續(xù)債會計確認問題研究——基于金融負債和權(quán)益工具區(qū)分角度分析摘要永續(xù)債兼具債務(wù)和權(quán)益的某些特征，具備良好的融資彈性，其制度設(shè)計的靈活性造就了其權(quán)利義務(wù)構(gòu)造的特殊性。隨著我國金融體制改革持續(xù)深化和金融監(jiān)管日趨審慎，永續(xù)債及其配套制度設(shè)計開始正式登陸中國資本市場，成為促進我國多層次資本市場發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵舉措。永續(xù)債作為創(chuàng)新型金融工具，其會計確認問題對于其在我國的發(fā)展有著至關(guān)重要的影響，本文嘗試從金融負債和權(quán)益工具劃分的研究視角，結(jié)合其核心合

2、同條款對永續(xù)債相關(guān)會計問題進行分析和探究。永續(xù)債是指沒有明確到期日或者期限非常長的創(chuàng)新型證券。我國目前現(xiàn)有的永續(xù)債有兩種：可續(xù)期債券和長期限含權(quán)中期票據(jù)。永續(xù)債會計確認的核心問題在于金融工具屬性的判斷，即金融負債或是權(quán)益工具的區(qū)分。本文首先從財務(wù)會計概念框架層面發(fā)掘出負債和所有者權(quán)益的分類理念；接著從會計準則層面概括出金融工具屬性判斷框架圖，對金融負債和權(quán)益工具進行區(qū)分；然后對我國的永續(xù)債進行描述性統(tǒng)計，結(jié)合其核心條款，如贖回條款(可續(xù)

3、期條款)、利息條款等，對永續(xù)債會計分類進行分析，總結(jié)出永續(xù)債屬性判斷流程圖，使復(fù)雜繁瑣的合同條款變?yōu)楹啙嵵庇^的會計語言；最終選取武漢地鐵發(fā)行的兩期永續(xù)債一一“13武漢地鐵可續(xù)期債”RESEARCH0NTHEACCOUNTINGRECOGNITl0NOFCHn寸ASPERMANENTDEBT——ANALySIS0NTHEDIFFEI之ENTIATl0N0FFINANCL～LLIABILITIESANDEQUITYINSTRUMENTSAB

4、STRACTPerpetualdebtcombinescertaincharacteristicsofdebtandequityhasgoodelasticityforfinancing，whoseflexibilityofthesystem’SdesignmakesparticularityoftherightsandobligationsWiththecontinuousdeepeningofChina’Sfinancialsyst

5、emreformandthesituationthatfinancialregulationtendstobemoreprudent，perpetualdebtanditsauxiliarysystemdesignbegantolandChina’ScapimlmarketformallyitwillbecomethekeytopromotethedevelopmentofChinasmulti—tiercapitalmarketAsa

6、kindofinnovativefinancialinstruments，theaccountingrecognitionofperpetualdebthasacrucialinfluenceonitsdevelopmentinChinaThispaperwillanalyzeandexploretheproblemofperpetualdebtaccountingfromtheperspectiveoffinancialliabili

7、tiesandequitytools，combiningthetermsofitscorecontractsPerpetualdebtisdefinedasacapitalsecuritythathasnoexpirydateorhasaverylongtermTherearetwotypesofperpetualdebtinChina：RenewablebondsandPerpetualnotesThecoreissueofperpe

8、tualdebtaccountingrecognitionistheattributivejuagmentoffinancialinstrument，namelyfinancialliabilitiesorequityinstrumentsFirst，thispaperdiscoverstheconceptofdebtandownershipinterestfromtheFinancialConceptualFrameworkItthe