[學習]發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟的財政政策

1、發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟的財政政策：經(jīng)驗分享Fiscal Policy to Develop Low-carbon Economy: Experience Sharing,,http://www.docin.com/sundae_meng,什么是低碳經(jīng)濟 What is Low-carbon Economy？,低碳經(jīng)濟就是在可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念指導下低能耗、低污染的經(jīng)濟形態(tài)。 Low-carbon Economy refers to sus

2、tainable economic development with low energy consumption and environmental pollution.發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式、促進經(jīng)濟社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要內(nèi)容，是應對氣候變化、保護地球家園的有效措施，也是公共財政重點支持的方向。 To encourage low-carbon economy is an important part of the tr

3、ansformation of economic development mode and sustainable economic and social development. It is not only an effective means to deal with the impacts of climate change for environmental protection, but also an key area t

4、hat public finance should support.,一、支持低碳環(huán)保產(chǎn)品推廣 Encourage Low-carbon and Pollution-free Products,基本思路：運用財政補貼手段啟動消費市場，實現(xiàn)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟，使低碳環(huán)保產(chǎn)品價格大幅度降低，市場銷售份額不斷上升，逐漸成為市場消費的主流產(chǎn)品。Basic

5、idea: to encourage consumption market by means of fiscal subsidies and realize economies of scale, so as to minimize the price of low-carbon products, increase its market share and become the dominant products on the mar

6、ket. 實施節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程，初步建立了以高效照明產(chǎn)品、節(jié)能空調(diào)、節(jié)能汽車和高效電機等四大類節(jié)能產(chǎn)品推廣體系。To promote energy efficient products among consumers. Systemic measures have been adopted to promote four categories of energy efficient products , including ener

7、gy efficient lighting products, energy efficient air-conditioner, energy efficient vehicles and energy efficient electric generator.,四大節(jié)能產(chǎn)品推廣體系 Measures Promoting Four Categ

8、ories of Energy Efficient Products,高效照明產(chǎn)品推廣?！笆晃濉逼陂g將共推廣3.32億只，實現(xiàn)節(jié)能能力125億千瓦時，產(chǎn)品壽命期內(nèi)可節(jié)電627億千瓦時，節(jié)約電費129億元，減排二氧化碳6270萬噸，可拉動內(nèi)需41億元。 Energy efficient lighting products promotion. During 2006-2010, 332 million energy efficient

9、 light bulbs will be adopted, energy consumption will be cut by 12.5 billion kilo watts, electricity fee will be cut by about $2 billion, carbon dioxide emission will be cut by 62.7 million tons and will encourage domes

10、tic need of about $620 million. 截至目前共推廣一、二級高效節(jié)能空調(diào)約2000萬臺，使其市場占有率從推廣前的5%上升到80%以上，直接拉動社會消費500多億元，每年可節(jié)電40億千瓦時，減排二氧化碳500萬噸 。Up to now, about 20 million class Ⅰ and class Ⅱ energy efficient air-conditioners have been put to

11、 the market and its market share has increased from 5% to over 80%, which encouraged domestic consumption of about $7.6 billion. In this regard, 4 billion kilo watts will be saved and 5 million tons of carbon dioxide emi

12、ssion will be cut annually.,四大節(jié)能產(chǎn)品推廣體系(續(xù)) Measures Promoting Four Categories of Energy Efficient Products (cont' ),全面推廣1.6升及以下節(jié)能汽車。中央財政已下達資金11.8億元，支持推廣近40萬

13、輛節(jié)能汽車。節(jié)能汽車市場占有率大幅提高，今年9月份節(jié)能汽車銷量占1.6升及以下乘用車銷量的21%，比推廣前提高了14個百分點。 Measures promoting vehicles with 1.6 liter engine capacity and smaller. $178 million has been appropriated from central finance

14、 to promote nearly 400000 energy efficient vehicles. The sales of energy efficient vehicles in September this year accounted for 21% of all passenger vehicles of 1.6 liter engine capacity and smaller, 14% higher than pro

15、motion measures were adopted. 已印發(fā)《節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程高效電機推廣實施細則》，根據(jù)產(chǎn)品類型和額定功率對高效電機給予補貼。Detailed Rules to Promote Energy Efficient Electric Generator has bee issued. Consumers will be subsidized in accordance with the generator’s

16、types and rated power.,二、支持低碳技術(shù)研發(fā)、推廣和應用 Support to Low-carbon Technology Research, Promotion and Use.,鼓勵企業(yè)實施節(jié)能技術(shù)改造 Encouraging energy saving technology improvement in enterprises 2007

17、年～2010年，共支持3000多個節(jié)能量在1萬噸以上的節(jié)能技術(shù)改造項目，拉動企業(yè)和社會投資1500多億元，預計可實現(xiàn)節(jié)能量9000多萬噸標準煤。During 2007-2010, more than 3000 energy saving technology programs were supported by central finance. Each program could reduce carbon dioxide emiss

18、ion of over 10,000 tons. The programs stimulated investment of $22.7 billion. It is expected that 90million tons of standard coal could be saved.,推行合同能源管理 Encouraging energy performance c

19、ontracting 支持節(jié)能服務公司采用合同能源管理方式實施的工業(yè)、建筑、交通等領(lǐng)域以及公共機構(gòu)節(jié)能改造項目。To encourage energy performance contracting among energy services company to conduct energy saving programs. 支持淘汰落后產(chǎn)能 Eliminating outdated industrial capacity 十一

20、五期間淘汰小火電7000多萬千瓦、焦炭1.1億噸、水泥3.5億噸，促進了“十一五”淘汰落后產(chǎn)能任務提早超額完成。During 2006-2010, many small and outdated thermal power plants, coke plants and cement plants were eliminated. 70 million kilo watts energy, 110 million tons of cok

21、e and 250 million tons of cement were saved.,二、支持低碳技術(shù)研發(fā)、推廣和應用 (續(xù)) Support to Low-carbon Technology Research, Promotion and Use. (cont’),三、新能源汽車推廣應用Popularizing New Energy Vehicles,基本思路：建立“財政-科技聯(lián)動新機制”，采取補貼消費者方式，支持試點城市推廣

22、使用新能源汽車，有效引導企業(yè)生產(chǎn)、研發(fā)并加強各類資源整合，推動我國新能源汽車釋放需求潛能、加速產(chǎn)品更新、加快產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。 Basic idea: Establish "New interaction mechanism between finance and technology ", subsidize consumers and promote new energy vehicles tentativel

23、y in some cities. Encourage production and research of new energy vehicles, enlarge its market share.,支持北京等25個城市，在公共服務領(lǐng)域率先推廣使用新能源汽車，已示范推廣1.5萬多輛，可實現(xiàn)年節(jié)省燃油900萬升，減少二氧化碳排放3萬多噸。 Support 25 cities including Beijing to popu

24、larize the use of new energy vehicles for public service. More than 15 thousand new energy vehicles have been adopted. In this regard, 9 million liters fuel will be saved and 30 thousand tons of carbon emission will be r

25、educed annually. 在北京等6個城市啟動私人購買新能源汽車補貼試點，計劃年底之前推廣上千輛新能源汽車。 A pilot program, subsidizing personal consumers of new energy vehicles, will be kicked off in six cities including Beijing and over a thousand new energy

26、vehicles will be put on the market before the end of this year.,三、新能源汽車推廣應用(續(xù))Popularizing New Energy Vehicles (cont’),四、支持可再生能源產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展 Support to Renewable Energy Industry Development,電價附

27、加Additional electricity price設立可再生能源電價附加，征收標準為每千瓦時4厘錢，所征收資金用來分攤可再生能源電價超過常規(guī)能源發(fā)電平均上網(wǎng)電價的差額部分。Establish the additional electricity price on renewable energy. The collection fee standard is 0.04 Chinese yuan per KWH. The col

28、lected fee will offset the balance between renewable energy price and the average price of electricity generated by conventional energy resources. 設立可再生能源發(fā)展專項資金 Special funds for renewab

29、le energy development設立可再生能源發(fā)展專項資金，支持風能、太陽能、生物質(zhì)能等新能源開發(fā)利用。Establish special funds for renewable energy development to support the development and utilization of new energy resources such as wind, solar and biological en