[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]海運(yùn)外文翻譯--安全海運(yùn)的表現(xiàn)

1、2800 英文單詞， 英文單詞，14500 英文字符，中文 英文字符，中文 4200 字文獻(xiàn)出處： 文獻(xiàn)出處：Faturachman D, Mustafa S. Performance of Safety Sea Transportation[J]. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012, 57(57):368-372.Performance of Safety Sea Tran

2、sportationDanny Faturachman, Shariman MustafaAbstractIndonesia is the world’s largest archipelago, 2/3 of the country is covered by sea. But due to many factors a lot of ship accidents occurred every year, and claiming a

3、 large number of casualties. Efforts have been done to improve the safety of domestic sea transportation, as the result to be fully compliance to the SOLAS regulations, worsen by the varying sea and cargo characteristics

4、, and low educated passengers, they are very vulnerable to accidents. . Most of the accidents occur due to the low awareness of the aspects of security and safety of the crew. The figures differ from the manifest of pass

5、engers and number of passengers on the ground become commonplace. There are four main issues in maritime transport, it is said, not the individual agencies or Government willing to hold responsibility for the security an

6、d safety, pricing policy, the quality of human resources, as well as the implementation and compliance with the rules are not clear.1. IntroductionIn Indonesia, the department of transportation (Departemen Perhubungan/De

7、phub) as a party who holds the authority of the application of the IMO (International Maritime Organization) called SOLAS (Safety Of Live At Sea). In terms of administration -- has given construction, an examination of t

8、he electricity and the engine of a ship to the Bureau Classifications Indonesia (Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia/BKI). Meanwhile , other aspects , like; radio , installation security at the top of a vessel, means of salvation

9、, etc is exercised directly by Dephub through marine inspector. The condition of such as these things often termed by the ship owner with multiple domestic classification. Initially being classified by BKI then by Dephub

10、 . In another country, usually classifications do almost the entire of associated with safety aspect of a ship for administration has been given to them. Closely monitor information the survivor of various accident ship

11、that occurred in Indonesia and invention authorities who investigates the cause of the accident, observed that majority of the dead falls because tools safety got onboard insufficient or not functioning duly . In the cas

12、e of fire Motor Ship (Kapal Motor/KM) Levina, out that sprinklers to spray it does not work . Meanwhile , in a KM Teratai Prima, as revealed by the victim survived, there was no notice of anything from a crew of a state

13、of emergency. Ironically, if seen from the aspect of a certificate for the salvation , the ships certificate was complete . In fact, in the case of KM Teratai Prima, the ship having completed the ship docking.2. ISM (Int

14、ernational Safety Management) CodeISM Code international safety management is a standard in the operation of ships as well as prevention efforts/controlling environmental pollution. In accordance with the awareness of th

15、e importance of the human factor and the need for improved operational management in preventing the occurrence of accidents aboard ship, man, the charge of goods/cargo and property as well as to prevent the occurrence of

16、 pollution of the marine environment, IMO issued a regulation on ship safety management the protection of the marine environment, known as the rules of the International Safety Management (ISM Code) which is also consol

17、idated in the SOLAS autonomy area there are several areas wanted to build a port with a local approach that does not match the hierarchy functions based on the order of National Port Harbor, so feared would cause ineffic

18、iency in investment and undermine the competitiveness of ports in Indonesia in the face of global competition. In addition some local authorities do levy at the port-(reregulated transaction cost) that give rise to accum

19、ulated high cost economy that resulted in investors or service users felt that the existence of imbalance of ports; b. ports in Indonesia even though it has defined its role and function as a port of international, natio

20、nal, regional and local communities are generally not equipped master plan and the work environment/Environmental interests of the port Area as a strong legal basis to guarantee the certainty of land, business and invest

21、ment certainty; c. number of relevant agencies at the port which still require the alignment of service (one stop service), the conditions of limited infrastructure and service levels are low, resulting in service not ye

22、t optimal and port days/turn round time ship in port to be high. In addition, the ability of the host ports in providing funds for investment are increasingly limited due to the prolonged economic crisis, as well as the

23、limitations Government funds for executing development and maintenance of the port. Participation from private to partake in the infrastructure port development perceived still lacking / limited because interested only i

24、n a favorable business segment and necessary executing guidance more cooperative as derived from the provisions of legislations which there; d . The construction of port infrastructure expected to be perceived as evenly

25、in the region of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) , but in certain areas as eastern Indonesia and in the border area, and port facility of which there are still not adequately or even not at all avai

26、lable accessibility to the operational services that led to the port; e. Service port has not yet reached the optimum level of service, among others, is shown with a level Turn Round Time (TRT) ship that high productivit

27、y and low loading and unloading the goods at the port (Port Productivity). f. on the location of certain ports ship accidents often occur due to traffic frequency rate of ships has increased rapidly, but not yet arranged

28、 and styled expressly Vessel Traffic Control System (VTCS). Accidents that happen often, or drowning due to the limitations of the impacts the device settings for traffic of ships and navigation aids for the cruise line

29、separation entry out of the harbor; g. installed capacity at the port declined due to lack of investment funds for the development of the port in order to meet the standards of service activities the attainment of standa

30、rds, consequently minimum performance the operational service of the port specified by the Government cannot be achieved.For the safety of shipping sectors met things as follows : a . still high levels of accidents , pir

31、atical (calamity and piracy and armed robbery) ships at sea ; b . The low quality of a ship because most of the age of Indonesian’s ships flag has old ; c. low awareness of ship’s owners for investment in safety equipmen

32、t on board; d. limited docking facilities so many ships that should delay its docking obligations; e. is still the lack of eligible faculty (especially at Sailor Training private); f. provision of props/simulator that

33、is still lacking (especially at Sailor Training private); g. Limited to ships for sea cadets practice, so many of the cadets who delayed/inhibited its practices; h. level of reliability Navigational Aids do not meet the

34、recommendations and the degree of sufficiency Navigational Aids is still low so the waters of Indonesia can potentially still bears the predicate Unreliable Area. i. Speed detection and response to the disorder as well a

35、s anticipation of losing the Navigational Aids equipment is still very low making it difficult to maintain and increase the reliability of the Navigational Aids; j. has not fulfilled the number of Radio stations GMDSS Co