主謂一致規(guī)則

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載主謂一致 主謂一致(Subject-Verb Agreement )主謂一致指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須在人稱與數(shù)的方面與主語(yǔ)保持一致。其三個(gè)原則如 下： 1.語(yǔ)法一致原則。該原則要求謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須與主語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)法形式上保持一致。即主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.意義一致原則。有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)所表示的概念，而不是其語(yǔ)法形式。This news is important

2、 for us.3.就近原則。有時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)決定于主語(yǔ)中最靠近它的詞語(yǔ)。關(guān)于主謂一致的補(bǔ)充：1. 通常用做復(fù)數(shù)的集合名詞。police, people, cattle 等集合名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。但 people 意為“民族”時(shí)，用作單數(shù)。The police are searching for the lost child.2. Clothing (衣服)，poetry(詩(shī)歌)，baggage/luggage(行李)，fur

3、niture(家具)，machinery(機(jī)械)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠寶)，equipment(設(shè)備)等集合名詞通常只用做不可數(shù)名詞，表示單數(shù)意義，用做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。3. “分?jǐn)?shù)（百分?jǐn)?shù)）+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與其中名詞的數(shù)保持一致。About 30 percent of the students were absent that day.Three-fourths of

4、 the surface of the earth is covered by sea.4. “one in (out of )+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。Only one in ten students has passed the examination.5. “all of (some of, none of, half of, most of, lots of, plenty of)+名詞”作 主語(yǔ)時(shí)

5、，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與其名詞的數(shù)保持一致。Most of the people are against the plan.Most of his money is spent on food.6. “the number of +名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)?！癮 number of +名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。7. all 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。若指人，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)，若指事物或現(xiàn)象，謂語(yǔ)通常用單數(shù)。All have gone home. (所有的人

6、都回家了) All that glitters is not gold. (發(fā)亮的不一定都是金子)若是“all of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其中名詞的數(shù)保持一致。All of the money is mine.All of the books are mine.學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載The rich are for the plan, but the poor are against it. 富人們贊成這

7、個(gè)計(jì)劃，但窮人們反對(duì)它。The beautiful is not always the good. 美的并不總是好的。17. 在“It + be + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that/who…”結(jié)構(gòu)中，be 用單數(shù)形式，如被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是主語(yǔ)，that/who 后的謂語(yǔ)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的人稱，數(shù)保持一致。It is I who am a student. 我是學(xué)生。It is they who have worked there for five yea

8、rs. 18. 在 There be 句型中，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要與并列主語(yǔ)中的鄰近詞保持一致。There is a pen and two books on the table.There are many books and a computer on the desk.19. “a + 單數(shù)名詞+ or two”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。“one or two + 復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A day or two has passe

9、d. 一兩天過(guò)去了。One or two days have passed.一兩天過(guò)去了。20. 兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，一個(gè)肯定，另一個(gè)否定，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與肯定主語(yǔ)一致。I, not you, am the right person to do the work.21. 動(dòng)名詞，不定式或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Walking on the moon is very difficult.To talk with him is a great p

10、leasure.22. 名詞所有格形式表示某人住處或是診所等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 My uncle’s is not far from here.23. “One and a half + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。One and a half bananas is left on the table.24 “A large quantity of + 可數(shù)（或不可數(shù)）名詞”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)?！癚uantities

11、 of + 可數(shù)（或不可數(shù)）名詞”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A large quantity of people is needed there.Large quantities of food are on the table.25 公式（如加減乘除等）作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Five times eight (5×8) is forty.26 疑問(wèn)代詞 what, which, who 的單復(fù)數(shù)意義，根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的意圖決定。

12、Who lives/live in the next room?27. This kind of book=a book of this kind (這種書(shū))，其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；短語(yǔ) this kind of men=men of this kind= these kind of men (口語(yǔ))（這一類(lèi)人), 但 this kind of men 的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，men of this kind 和 these kind of men 的