小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)(整理版)

1、小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí),1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, 　　　　bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2．以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，　　　如：bus-buses, box-boxes, 　　brush-brushes, watch-watches3．以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es， 如：family-families, 　　　　strawbe

2、rry-strawberries,名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則,4．以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es， 如：knife-knives       leaf——leaves  5．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, child-children；foot-feet；tooth-teeth

3、　fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,,寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _____ him ____ this _______ her ____ watch ___ child ____photo ___ diary ___ day______ foot_

4、____ book_____ dress ____ tooth____ sheep ____ box_____ strawberry _____ thief _____ you _____ peach___ sandwich ___ man_____ woman___,一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹 一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。 如：Th

5、e sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。 如：I get up at six every day.我天天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。 如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。,一般現(xiàn)在時,一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be動詞：主語 be (am, is, are) 其它。如： I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語 行為動詞(

6、 其它)。如：  We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時，要在動詞 后加“-s”或“-es” 如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。,,一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be動詞的變化。否定句：主語 be not 其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。  一般疑問句：Be 主語 其它

7、。  如：-Are you a student?   -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 一般疑問句。 如：Where is my bike?,講義共享,,,2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語 don’t( doesn’t ) 動詞原形( 其它)。 如： I don't like bread.

8、 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，用doesn‘t構(gòu)成否定句 如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑問句：Do( Does ) 主語 動詞原形 其它。 如- Do you often play football?   - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，要用d

9、oes構(gòu)成一般疑問句 如 -Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.,動詞 s的變化規(guī)則

10、1．一般情況下，直接加-s， 如：cook-cooks, milk-milks  2．以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es， 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es， 如study-studies,一、 寫出下列動詞的第三

11、人稱單數(shù) drink ______ go _______ stay ____ make ______look ______ have_______ pass_____ carry ____二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.3. We _____

12、__(not watch) TV on Monday.,,,4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _____ they ______(like) the World Cup?6. _______ your parents ______(read) newspapers every day?7. The girl _______(teach) us English o

13、n Sundays.8. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.,三、按照要求改寫句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)______________________________________2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_______

14、_______________________________3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)____________________________________ 4. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)______________________________________,改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is&#

15、160; your brother speak English?       __________________2. Does he likes going fishing?          _________________3. He likes play games after class.  &

16、#160;   _________________4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.             __________________5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _______________,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作

17、，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be 動詞ing.3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句在be后加not。4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問詞+be動詞+主語+doing+其它？ 但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：   疑問詞+be動詞+doing+其它?,動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加

18、ing， 如：cook-cooking 2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing， 如：make-making, taste-tasting 3．假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing如：run-running, stop-stopping,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：run_______ swim _______make______ beg

19、in_____ go________ like________   write______ shop ______have ______ sing  ______dance ______put________ see_______ love_______ live_______ take_______come _____  get ______

20、_ stop_______ sit ________,用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _______( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _____( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother ________( cook )some nice food  now.4. What _____ you __

21、____ ( do ) now?5. Look . They __________( have) an English lesson .,句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________2．The students are cleaning t

22、he classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)__________________________________________________________________,一般將來時,一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及 打算、計劃或預(yù)備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorr

23、ow（后天）等。  二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be going to do； ②will do.,一般將來時,否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won’t。例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this after

24、noon.一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend,五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1、問人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York so

25、on. →Who’s going to New York soon.2、問干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this   afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3、問什么時候。When.例如：She’s going to go

26、 to bed at nine. →When is she going  to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.,練習(xí)：填空。1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I____ _____ _____ have a picnic with

27、my friends. I ______ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃What ____ _____ _____ _____ _____next Monday? I ___ ___ ___ play basketball.,3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。___ your mother ____ ___ g

28、o shopping this _____? Yes, she _____. She ____ ____ ____ buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時候見面。What time ____ you ____ _____ meet?,,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Today is a sunny day. We ________ (have) a picnic this after

29、noon.2. My brother _________(go) to Shanghai next week.3.Tom often ________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _______ (go) to school by bike.,,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。4. What do you usually do at weekends

30、? I usually ________ (watch) TV and ________(catch) insects? 5.It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She _______ (watch) TV and __________ (catch) insects.,一般過去時 1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動

31、作或 存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。 2．Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化： ⑴am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as （was not=wasn’t） ⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=weren’t） 3．句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子 否定句：didn’t 動詞原形， 如：Jim didn’t go home yeste

32、rday.,動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動詞末尾加-ed， 如：work- -worked , 2．結(jié)尾是e加d，如：live--lived 3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加- ed 如：stop-stopped 4．以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied,5．不規(guī)則動詞過去式：  

33、am、 is-was, are-were, do-did see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, rea

34、d-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat,,用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It ____ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.We all ____ (have) a good time last night.3. He ____ (jump) high on last Sports Day.

35、4. Helen _____ (milk) a cow on Friday.,,用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she _____a book yesterday. (read)6. ____ they ______ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.7. I _____ (wat

36、ch) a cartoon on Monday.,形容詞和副詞的比較級復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。,形容詞加er的規(guī)則：⑴一般在詞尾加er ； ⑵以字母e 結(jié)尾，加r ；⑶以元音字母和輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er

37、 ； ⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er 不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful 。,二、副詞的比較級1．形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be用形，有形用be；有動用副，有副用動)⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實(shí)義動詞之后2．副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規(guī)則變化：

38、well-better，far-farther,寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級short_____  strong_____   big_____  small_______ fat_______   thin_______heavy____   light______ nice______  good______  &

39、#160;beautiful____ low_____ high________  slow_____  fast_______late______ early______  far______ well______,根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years ________(old) than me.2. Tom is as _

40、_______(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes, she is.4. Who is _________(thin), you or Helen? Helen is.,5._____Nancy sing _____(well) than Helen? Yes, she ___. 6.Fangfang is not as

41、 __(tall) as the other girls. 7.My eyes are ______(big) than ___ (she).8.Who gets up ______(early), Tim or Tom? 9._____the girls get up ______(early) than the boys? No, they______.,翻譯句子：1、誰比Jim年紀(jì)大？是你。___ is ___th

42、an Jim？  ___ are2.我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like ___. All my___  ___  ___than me.3、誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？我想是她的。___pencil is ____,___or____？ ____is, I think.,,翻譯句子：4.我母親比我父親年紀(jì)小。My___  ___  _

43、__than my ___.5.多做運(yùn)動，你會更強(qiáng)壯。 ___ more exercise, you’ll ___ ___soon.,,There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某人/物2、在there be 句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be 動詞用is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品，be 動詞根據(jù)最近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。,There be 句型與

44、have, has的區(qū)別3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首。4、there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別：there be表示在某地有某人/物；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。,5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運(yùn)用some 用于肯定 ，any用于否定句或疑問句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運(yùn)用：and 用于肯定句,or

45、 用于否定句或疑問句。,7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：   What’s + 介詞短語,Fill in the blank with “have, has”or “there is , the

46、re are” I _______ a good father and a good mother. 2. ______a telescope on the desk. 3. He______ a tape-recorder. 4. ______a basketball in the playground. 5. She______ some dresses.,人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句

47、中第一個動詞之前（有時候位于than 之后），賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨(dú)使用，后面不帶名詞。,人稱代詞和物主代詞 主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性  I me my mine  you you your

48、 yours  he him his his  she her her hers  it it its its  we us our ours

49、  they them their theirs,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. That is not _____kite. That kite is very small, but ____is very big.  ( I )2. The dress is ___. Give it to ____( she )   

50、60;    3. ___is my brother. ___ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are___ ( he )4. I can find my toy, but where’s _____? ( you )5. Show _______ your kite, OK? (they),用am，is，are填空。1. That

51、______ my red skirt. 2. Who ______ I? 3.The jeans ______ on the desk. 4. The black gloves ______  for Su Yang. 5. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 6. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 7. Some te