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1、1來(lái)自：thinkinjava（3）外文原文ThebusyJavadevelopersguidetoScala:ClassactionItmakessensefJava?developerstouseobjectsasafirstpointofreferencefunderstingScala.InthissecondinstallmentofThebusyJavadevelopersguidetoScalaseriesTedNewar

2、dfollowsabasicpremiseoflanguagemeasurement:thatthepowerofalanguagecanbemeasuredindirectrelationtoitsabilitytointegratenewfacilitiesinthiscasesupptfcomplexnumbers.Alongthewayyoullseesomeinterestingtidbitsrelatedtoclassdef

3、initionsusageinScala.InlastmonthsarticleyousawjustatouchofScalassyntaxthebareminimumnecessarytorunaScalaprogramobservesomeofitssimplerfeatures.TheHelloWldTimerexamplesfromthatarticleletyouseeScalasApplicationclassitssynt

4、axfmethoddefinitionsanonymousfunctionsjustaglimpseofanArray[]abitontypeinferencing.ScalahasagreatdealmetooffersothisarticleinvestigatestheintricaciesofScalacoding.Scalasfunctionalprogrammingfeaturesarecompellingbuttheyre

5、nottheonlyreasonJavadevelopersshouldbeinterestedinthelanguage.InfactScalablendsfunctionalconceptsobjectientation.IndertolettheJavacumScalaprogrammerfeelmeathomeitmakessensetolookatScalasobjectfeaturesseehowtheymapovertoJ

6、avalinguistically.Bearinmindthatthereisntadirectmappingfsomeofthesefeaturesinsomecasesthe“mapping“ismeofananalogthanadirectparallel.ButwherethedistinctionisimptantIllpointitout.Scalahasclass(es)toatherthanembarkonalength

7、yabstractdiscussionoftheclassfeaturesthatScalasupptsletslookatadefinitionfaclassthatmightbeusedtobringrationalnumbersuppttotheScalaplatfm(largelyswipedfrom“ScalaByExample“seeResources):Listing1.rational.scalaclassRationa

8、l(n:Intd:Int)privatedefgcd(x:Inty:Int):Int=if(x==0)yelseif(x0)gcd(xy)elseif(y0)gcd(xy)3Console.println(“r4=r1r2=“r4)WhatyouseeinListing2isntterriblyexciting:IcreateacoupleofrationalnumberscreatetwomeRationalsastheadditio

9、nsubtractionofthefirsttwoechoeverythingtotheconsole.(NotethatConsole.println()comesfromtheScalacelibrarylivinginscala.isimplicitlyimptedintoeveryScalaprogramjustasjava.langisinJavaprogramming.)HowmanywaysshallIconstructt

10、heeNowlookagainatthefirstlineintheRationalclassdefinition:Listing3.ScalasdefaultconstructclassRational(n:Intd:Int)...AlthoughyoumightthinkyourelookingatsomekindofgenericslikesyntaxinListing3itsactuallythedefaultpreferred

11、constructftheRationalclass:ndaresimplytheparameterstothatconstruct.Scalaspreferencefasingleconstructmakesacertainkindofsensemostclassesenduphavingasingleconstructacollectionofconstructsthatall“chain“throughasingleconstru

12、ctasaconvenience.IfyouwantedtoyoucoulddefinemeconstructsonaRationallikeso:Listing4.AchainofconstructsclassRational(n:Intd:Int)defthis(d:Int)=this(0d)NotethatScalasconstructchaindoestheusualJavaconstructchainingthingbycal

13、lingintothepreferredconstruct(theIntIntversion).Details(implementation)details...Whenwkingwithrationalnumbersithelpstoperfmabitofnumericallegerdemain:namelythatoffindingacommondenominattomakecertainoperationseasier.Ifyou

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