2014年四川大學(xué)考博英語真題及答案

1、第1頁共17頁2014年四川大學(xué)考博英語入學(xué)考試試題考生請注意：1本試題共5大題，共12頁，請考生注意檢查，考試時間為180分鐘。2170題答案請?zhí)顚懺跈C讀卡相應(yīng)處，否則不給分。3翻譯和作文請答在答題紙上，答在試題上不給分。書寫要求字跡清楚、工整。IReadingComprehension(30%onemarkeach)Directions:Readthefollowingsixpassages.Answerthequestionsbe

2、loweachpassagebychoosing[A][B][C][D].WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneIngeneraloursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmallwelloiledcoginthemachinery.Theoili

3、ngisdonewithhigherwagesNellventilatedfactiespipedmusicbypsychologists“humanrelations”expertsyetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerlessthatheisbedwithit.Infactthebluethewhitecollarwkershavebecomeeconomic

4、puppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesbureaucraticmanagement.Thewkeremployeeareanxiousnotonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajobtheyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife

5、.Theylivediewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyintellectuallyindependentproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseof

6、theirsubdinates.Theyareevenmeinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedtofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmeamatterofselfrespect.Whentheyapplyftheirfirstjobtheyaretestedfintelligenceaswellasf

7、therightmixtureofsubmissivenessindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainagainbythepsychologistsfwhomtestingisabigbusinessbytheirsuperiswhojudgetheirbehavisociabilitycapacitytogetalongetc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethato

8、neisasgoodasbetterthanone’sfellowcompetitcreatesconstantanxietystresstheverycausesofunhappinessillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductiontonieenthcentury“freeenterprise”capitalismCertainlyn

9、ot.Problemstheneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransfmingoursocialsystemfmabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximaproductionconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanist第3頁共17頁Pass

10、ageTwoThegovernmentruncommpostinTunisisstaffedaroundtheclockbymilitarypersonnelmeteologistscivilians.Onthewallaremapscrisscrossedwithbrightlycolsarrowsthatpainstakinglytrackthefearsomepathoftheenemy.Whatkindofinvadergive

11、srisetosuchhighlevelmonitingNotmannotbeastbutthelowlydesertlocust（蝗蟲）.Inrecentmothsbillionsofthe3inchlongwingedwarrishavedescendedonAlgeriaLibyaMoccoTunisiablackeningtheskyeatingupcropsvegetation.Theinsectinvasionthewsti

12、n30yearsisalreadycreatinggreatdestructioninthedleEastisnowtreatingsouthernEurope.Thecurrentcrisisbeganinlate1985neartheRedSea.UnusuallyrainyweathermoistenedthessoftheSudanmakingthemidealbreedinggroundsfthelocustwhichlays

13、itseggsintheearth.TheinsectonslaughtthreatenstocreateyetanotherAfricanfamine.Eachlocustcaneatitsweight(notquiteatenthofanounce)invegetationevery24hours.Agoodsizeswarmof50billioninsectseatsup100000tonsofgrasstreescropsina

14、singlenight.All$150millionmaybeneededthisyear.TheU.S.hasprovidedtwosprayingplanesabout50000gal.ofpesticide.TheEuropeanCommunityhasdonated$3.8millioninaidtheSovietUnionCanadaJapanChinahaveprovidedchemicalsprayingaircraftt

15、ohelpwipeoutthepests.Butreliefefftsarehamperedbytherelativemildnessofapprovedpesticideswhichquicklylosetheirdeadlypunchrequirefrequentreplications.ThemosteffectivelocustkillerDieldrinhasbeenlinkedtocancerisbannedbymanyWe

16、sterncountriessomeoftheaffectedAfricannations.Methan5millionacreshavebeendustedwithlocustkillingchemicalsanother5millionwillbetreatedbytheendofJune.OnMay30representativesofTunisiaAlgeriaLibyaMoccoMauritaniawillmeetinAlgi

17、erstodiscusstacticstowipeouttheravenousswarms.Themoveisanimptantstepbutwhateverplanisdevisedthelocustplaguepromisedtogetwsebefetheinsectscanbebroughtundercontrol.6.Themainideaofthefirstsentenceinthepassageisthat____.[A]t

18、hecommpostisstationedwithpeopleallthetime.[B]thecommpostiscrowdedwithpeopleallthetime.[C]thereareclocksaroundthecommpost.[D]theclockinthecommpostistakencareofbythestaff.7.Thefavablebreedinggroundfthelocustis____.[A]richs