初三 定語從句 賓語從句

1、1第十一講第十一講定語從句定語從句&賓語從句賓語從句（一）、定義：（一）、定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：Thisisthepresentthathegavemefmybirthday.DoyouknoweverybodywhocametothepartyIstillremembert

2、henightwhenIfirstcametothevillageThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞thatwhichwho(賓格whom

3、所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞wherewhen、why關(guān)系詞常有三個作用關(guān)系詞常有三個作用：12、3、（二）、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句（二）、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who指人，在從句中做主語(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，常可省略。(1)Mr.L

4、iuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。(2)Themanwhowhomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做)(2)Thisisthepen(which)hebough

5、tyesterday.(which在句子中做)4.that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(1)Thepeoplethatwhocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主語)(2)WhereisthemanthatwhomIsawthismning(在句子中做賓語)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1)Hehasaf

6、riendwhosefatherisadoct.(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolisyellow=Doy

7、oulikethebookisyellow（三）、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句（三）、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞：when與where、why、在從句中作狀語。先行詞指時間when=inatonduringwhichIwillneverfgetthedayswhenonwhichwestayedinthesummerholiday.Iwillneverfgetthedaysthatwespentinthesummerholiday先行詞指

8、地點where=inatfromwhich3例如：Theroominwhichthereisamachineisawkshop.像listento，lookat，dependon，payattentionto，takecareof等固定短語動詞，等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不將介詞與動詞分開。在定語從句中一般不將介詞與動詞分開。例如：Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.一、一、典型例題典型例題()1、

9、Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather？Yes，he‘sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom()2、Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which；isB.whom；wasC.who；isD.who；was()3、HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic___actsarever

10、yfamousAwhoBwhoseCthatDwhom()4、Annaskedthepoliceman___hewkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.AwithhimBwithwhomCwhoDwhom()5、Achild____parentsaredeadiscalledanphan.AwhichBhisCwhoseDwith()6、Thisisthereason______hetold

11、me.A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、fthat()7、Doyouknowthescientist_______gaveusatalkjustnowA.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose()8、Thisisthedictionary_______Mumgavemefmybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom()9、ShaolinTemple________liesinthewest

12、ofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitsbothathomeabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what()10、—Doyouknowthegirl_______isstingunderthetree—Sheismylittlesister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which【中考范例】1.(2004年哈爾濱)Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plan

13、tedthetreesYeshedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who2.(2004年常州市)Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimptant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that3.(2004年揚州市)Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterdayHehasgonebacktoQinghu

14、aUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which4.(2004年益陽市)Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who5.(2008河北)Thisisthedictionary____Mumgivemefmybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom6.(2008廣東)Ihaveboughtthecame