新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課文翻譯和課后習(xí)題答案-unit-6

1、Text,Dealing with unfamiliar words 5. Match the words in the box with their definitions. 6. Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. 7. Replace the underlined words with the correct fo

2、rm of the words in the box. 8. Answer the questions about the words and expressions.,Exercises,5. Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make a fire stop burning ( )2 t

3、he total number of people who have been killed or hurt ( )3 an extremely difficult or frightening situation ( ),Exercises,extinguish,toll,nightmare,4 a very sad event that causes people t

4、o suffer or die ( )5 as much as possible ( )6 impressive actions that prove someone is very brave ( )7 happening in a confused way and without any order

5、 or organization ( ),Exercises,tragedy,utmost,heroism,chaotic,6. Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. For a firefighter arriving on th

6、e scene of a fire the first few minutes are usually the most (1)_______. He has to (2)_________ the fire, he also needs to find out if human lives are in danger. When people are trapped inside a building he must act swif

7、tly to prevent (3)________, or, – in the (4) _________ scenario – to keep the death (5) ______ to a minimum. Actions like these require the (6) _______degree of (7) ________.,Exercises,chaotic,extinguish,tragedy,nightmar

8、e,toll,utmost,heroism,7. Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 He’s a very honest, fair and well-behaved sort of person. 2 I’d like to express my thanks for everything you’v

9、e done for me.,Exercises,decent,gratitude,3 There was a group of cows standing in the corner of the field.4 There have been very big increases in food prices over the last few months. 5 All the people should leave th

10、e building immediately when the alarm sounds. 6 She has displayed all the qualities needed for being a leader in her job.,Exercises,herd,massive,evacuate,leadership,8. Answer the questions about the words and expressi

11、ons. 1 If you are raring to go, are you eager to (a) leave, or (b) start an activity? 2 If you get your bearings, do you (a) lose your way, or (b) find out where you are? 3 If you are nowhere close to done, do you

12、 (a) still have a lot more work to do to finish the job, or (b) still feel strong and ready to work?,8. Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If you are raring to go, are you eager to (a) leave, or (

13、b) start an activity? 2 If you get your bearings, do you (a) lose your way, or (b) find out where you are? 3 If you are nowhere close to done, do you (a) still have a lot more work to do to finish the job, or (b) sti

14、ll feel strong and ready to work?,Exercises,4 If you haven’t made a dent in something, have you (a) made good progress, or (b) hardly begun the job? 5 Is a racket (a) a loud and unpleasant noise, or (b) a low musical

15、sound? 6 If something goes berserk, is it (a) quiet and well-behaved, or (b) out of control?,Exercises,4 If you haven’t made a dent in something, have you (a) made good progress, or (b) hardly begun the job? 5 Is a r

16、acket (a) a loud and unpleasant noise, or (b) a low musical sound? 6 If something goes berserk, is it (a) quiet and well-behaved, or (b) out of control?,7 Does whatever the hell it was suggest that the writer (a) knew

17、exactly what the noise was, or (b) didn’t know what the noise was? 8 If something is part of the shorthand, can you (a) easily understand it, or (b) not understand it? 9 If you are fumbling for a fix, are you (a) tryi

18、ng to understand something, or (b) trying to stay where you are?,Exercises,7 Does whatever the hell it was suggest that the writer (a) knew exactly what the noise was, or (b) didn’t know what the noise was? 8 If somet

19、hing is part of the shorthand, can you (a) easily understand it, or (b) not understand it? 9 If you are fumbling for a fix, are you (a) trying to understand something, or (b) trying to stay where you are?,Reading and in

20、terpreting 9. Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions. 10. Work in pairs and answer the questions.,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,9. Look at the sentences from the

21、passage and answer the questions. 1 Some guys were sweating like pigs. Why? Because they felt hot and exhausted. They had been engaged in heavy physical activities.2 … we all froze. What does this mean?

22、 It means we stayed completely still.3 Every possible worst-case scenario, and a few more besides. What was the firefighter imagining? He was imagining an extremely big fire or explosion.,Exercises,4 I thought a

23、bout my wife and my kids, but only fleetingly and not in any kind of life-flashing-before-my-eyes sort of way. So does he look back over his whole life in a single second? No, he just thought about his family ver

24、y quickly.5 “I’ll see you at the big one.” What is the big one, and why don’t firefighters call it by its name? They minimize the fire which has just happened and imagine the ultimate fire. The expression is one

25、 common to firefighters, so they know what they are referring to.,Exercises,6 All of these thoughts were landing in my brain in a kind of flashpoint … What are these thoughts, and how do they contrast with the situati

26、on in the north tower? What do they tell us about Picciotto? The thoughts are about Picciotto’s family, job, the bagels, firefighters’ customs, his colleagues, the things his life consists of, his values, his braver

27、y and yet his ordinariness.,Exercises,10. Work in pairs and answer the questions. 1 What has been omitted in the elliptical sentence Dead solid still? The complete sentence might be we stood dead solid still.2 W

28、hich different things does the writer compare the noise of the falling building to? It was like an earthquake, an amusement park thrill ride, a thousand runaway trains, a herd of wild beasts, and the thunder of a ro

29、ckslide.,Exercises,3 How many sentences begin with I thought? Four. I thought about my wife and kids ... I thought about the job ... I thought about the bagels ... I thought how we firemen ...4 What other example

30、s of repetition can you find in the passage? Repetition of like for describing the sound of the building collapsing.,Exercises,5 How many similes can you find in the passage? Six: sweating like pigs; shaking li

31、ke in an earthquake; like an amusement park thrill ride gone berserk; like a thousand runaway trains speeding towards me; like a herd of wild beasts; like the thunder of a rockslide ...6 Which are the most effective?

32、 I like the simile like a thousand runaway trains speeding towards me, because it really suggests the power of the forces the writer feels approaching him.,Exercises,7 What makes the passage most memorable? The f

33、igurative language. The rush of similes and metaphors creates mood through association (earthquakes, berserk warriors, wild animals) and gives a sense of confusion and many things happening at once. The ellipsis gives th

34、e impression of events speeding by. There is no time even to use full grammatical forms. Repetitions are similar to the way the brain reacts to extreme stress. Some thoughts seem to get stuck and occur again and again.,E

35、xercises,8 How would a newspaper account have been different? It would be more factual and less emotional. Newspaper reporters do not use similes and avoid repetition. A story of a flood in a newspaper would say so

36、berly that the river burst its banks, flooded a certain area of land and caused x-amount of damage to crops and left y-number of people homeless. A descriptive piece might compare the river to a dragon rising in fury and

37、 try to express the sound of the water as it poured over dikes built to hold it in. A journalist chooses words for precise meaning whereas a descriptive writer wants effects.,Exercises,Developing critical thinking 11. W

38、ork in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Picciotto says he and his men were “just doing their job”. Do you agree? ? Yes, firefighters must extinguish fires and rescue victims. ? No, they were going beyond it by

39、staying so long and risking their lives.,Exercises,2 Do you think his book is the best possible tribute to the firefighters who died? It is certainly a way of remembering what they suffered. We think probably the b

40、est would be looking after their families for them.3 What do you think the long-term effects of doing a heroic job like this are? It must be very stressful always looking forward to the next big one.4 Do you think

41、 that extraordinary events like 9/11 can make ordinary people into heroes? Yes. We also saw many examples of that during the Sichuan earthquake when many ordinary people did heroic things.,Exercises,Text,Last man do

42、wn The fireman’s story11 September 2001 9:59 AM 1 It came as if from nowhere. 2 There were about two dozen of us by the bank of elevators on the 35th floor of the north tower of

43、the World Trade Center. We were firefighters, mostly, and we were in various stages of exhaustion. Some guys were sweating like pigs. Some had their turnout coats off, or tied around their waists. Quite a few were breath

44、ing heavily. Others were raring to go. All of us were taking a beat to catch our breaths, and our bearings, figure out what the hell was going on. We'd been at this thing, hard, for almost an hour, some a little bit

45、less, and we were nowhere close to done. Of course, we had no idea what there was left to do, but we hadn't made a dent.,Text,3 And then the noise started, and the building began to tremble, and we all froze. Dead s

46、olid still. Whatever there had been left to do would now have to wait. For what, we had no idea, but it would wait. Or, it wouldn't, but that wasn't the point. The point was that no one was moving. To a man, no o

47、ne moved, except to lift his eyes to the ceiling, to see where the racket was coming from. As if we could see clear through the ceiling tiles for an easy answer. No one spoke. There wasn't time to turn thought into w

48、ords, even though there was time to think.,Text,For me anyway, there was time to think, too much time to think, and my thoughts were all over the place. Every possible worst-case scenario, and a few more besides. The bui

49、lding was shaking like in an earthquake, like an amusement park thrill ride gone berserk, but it was the rumble that struck me still with fear. The sheer volume of it. The way it coursed right through me. I couldn't

50、think what the hell would make a noise like that. Like a thousand runaway trains speeding towards me. Like a herd of wild beasts. Like the thunder of a rockslide. Hard to put it into words, but whatever the hell it was i

51、t was gaining speed, and gathering force, and getting closer, and I was stuck in the middle, unable to get out of its path.,Text,4 It's amazing, the kind of thing you think about when there should be no time to t

52、hink. I thought about my wife and my kids, but only fleetingly and not in any kind of life-flashing-before-my-eyes sort of way. I thought about the job, how close I was to making deputy. I thought about the bagels I had

53、left on the kitchen counter back at the firehouse. I thought how we firemen were always saying to each other, "I'll see you at the big one." Or, "We'll all meet at the big one." I never knew h

54、ow it started, or when I'd picked up on it myself, but it was part of our shorthand.,Text,Meaning, no matter how big this fire is, there'll be another one bigger, somewhere down the road. We'll make it throug

55、h this one, and we'll make it through that one, too. I always said it, at big fires, and I always heard it back, and here I was, thinking I would never say or hear these words again, because there would never be anot

56、her fire as big as this. This was the big one we had all talked about, all our lives, and if I hadn't known this before – just before these chilling moments – this sick, black noise now confirmed it.,Text,5 I fumbl

57、ed for some fix on the situation, thinking maybe if I understood what was happening I could steel myself against it. All of these thoughts were landing in my brain in a kind of flashpoint, one on top of the other and all

58、 at once, but there they were. And each thought landed fully formed, as if there might be time to act on each, when in truth there was no time at all.,Text,Postscript6 Richard Picciotto (also known as Pitch) was in

59、the north tower of the World Trade Center when it collapsed in the aftermath of the massive terrorist attack on 11 September 2001. A battalion commander for the New York Fire Department, he was on the scene of the di

60、saster within minutes of the attack, to lead seven companies of firefighters into the tower to help people trapped and to extinguish fires blazing everywhere.,Text,7 The north tower was the first of the twin to

61、wers to be hit. It was followed 17 minutes later by the south tower. The south tower, however, was the first to collapse, at 9:59 am. At that moment, Picciotto was in the north tower, racing upwards by the stairs bec

62、ause the elevators were out of action. He then gave the order to evacuate. On the 12th story he came across 50 people amid the debris, too badly hurt or frightened to move. Picciotto and his men helped them down. When

63、 he reached the seventh floor, the tower fell, and he was buried beneath thousands of tons of rubble. He eventually came round four hours later, leading his men to safety.,Text,8 Picciotto was the highest ranking

64、 firefighter to survive the attack. The chief of the department, the first deputy and the chief of rescue operations had all been killed. Altogether the death toll included 343 firefighters and more than 3,000 civili

65、ans.,Text,9 Picciotto tells the story in his book Last Man Down. He uses a dramatic first person style which gives the reader an idea of the nightmare and the chaotic confusion of one of the darkest days in the hi

66、story of the United States, the tragedy now known to the world simply as 9/11, but a day of utmost humanity and heroism too. Published in 2002, the book became an immediate best-seller, which the author wrote in grat

67、itude, and intended as a tribute to, his decent and trustworthy comrades who gave their lives. It’s also a testimony to his leadership skills. As he says, “People call us heroes, but we were just doing our job.”,Text,

68、最后撤出的人：消防員的故事2001年9月11日上午9時(shí)59分1 它似乎是從天而降。2 在世貿(mào)中心北塔35層的一組電梯旁，當(dāng)時(shí)大約有20多個(gè)人。我們中絕大多數(shù)是消防員，個(gè)個(gè)都差不多精疲力竭了。有的人大汗淋漓，有的脫掉了他們的消防戰(zhàn)斗服，或是把它們?cè)谘g。有好幾個(gè)人大口地喘著粗氣。其他人迫不及待地想要離開(kāi)這兒。我們所有的人都停了下來(lái)，想喘口氣，清醒一下頭腦，搞明白到底出了什么事。我們已經(jīng)在這兒拼命戰(zhàn)斗了差不多一個(gè)小時(shí)

69、了，有些人時(shí)間稍微短一點(diǎn)兒，可我們根本看不見(jiàn)哪里是盡頭。當(dāng)然，我們也不知道自己還能干點(diǎn)兒什么，沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)兒進(jìn)展。,Text,3 接著傳來(lái)一陣巨大的響聲，整個(gè)大樓開(kāi)始顫動(dòng)起來(lái)，我們都愣住了。站在那兒一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。不管本來(lái)要做什么，現(xiàn)在都只能等一下了?？梢仁裁茨兀课覀儾恢?，但是還得等?；蛟S我們不用等，可是問(wèn)題不在這兒。問(wèn)題是大家都站在那兒一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。所有的人中間沒(méi)有一個(gè)人動(dòng)，只是有人抬頭看了看天花板，想搞清楚這巨大的聲響到底是從哪兒傳