中考英語完形填空專題

1、中考英語完形填空解題方法與技巧,,,Free talk,What do you think of cloze(完形填空） ?Is it easy or hard for you?,K2 - the second highest mountain in the world,Why climb? Because it's there!,I came, I saw, I conquered（征服）. (by Caesar),

2、（一） 完形填空題考什么？,1、詞法及詞義辨析,2、固定短語搭配,3、上下文邏輯關系,4、文化背景及生活常識,一、完形填空題型分析解讀,,（二） 河南中考完形填空題的特點,突出語篇，強調(diào)應用，注重語境。,2. 辨析詞義，以實詞為主。,3. 題材多為記敘文，敘議結合。,①文化習俗 ②科普知識 ③著名人物 ④幽默故事⑤日常生活⑥人生百味,完形填空的題材、文體分類,,,題材,,文體,①記敘 ②議論 ③說明,四人一組討論201

3、3年河南省中考英語完形填空的題材、文體和文章大意，并說出每小題的答案及解題的思路。,groupwork,Task 1,2013年河南省中考英語完形填空,King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people. He often asked   36   which were st

4、range. His people had to use words in a   37   way to answer these questions. Once he asked a very strange question. He looked at his people.   38   &#

5、160;he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal   39 the habit of the king. He understood the  

6、0;40    at once and asked, "May I know the question so that I can 41  for an answer?" Akbar said, "How many crows (烏鴉)are there in this city?" 42&

7、#160;   even a moment's thought, Birbal replied "There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord". "How can you be so    43  ?”

8、 asked Akbar. Birbal said, "Make you men    44  , My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives(親戚) here. If you find    4

9、5  crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere". Akbar was pleased very much by Birbal's wise answer.,( ) 36. A. questions B. help     &#

10、160;    C. promise   D. advice ( ) 37. A. common    B. friendly      C. clever     D. silent( ) 38. A.

11、 Though      B. Because     C. If           D. As( ) 39. A. knew        

12、; B. developed   C. hated       D. doubted( ) 40. A. order         B. information C. danger    D.

13、situation( ) 41. A. ask            B. wait          C. try        

14、0;   D. reach( ) 42. A. Before      B. Without        C. Through  D. In( ) 43. A. smart     

15、0;   B. brave          C. fanny        D. sure( ) 44. A. catch         B. discuss

16、0;       C. count      D. visit( ) 45. A. fewer       B. larger          

17、 C. faster      D. older,2013河南省中考完形填空考點解析 本題材為一篇幽默故事。題目設置上較注重對語篇整體理解能力和詞義辨析的考查。根據(jù)語篇上下文的語意、邏輯和句法尋找線索，進行合理的推理和猜測，就能做出正確的選擇。,36．A【解析】考查名詞意義辨析。賓語questions提示和動詞ask構成動賓關系，表示“問問題”，由下一段第一句可知Akbar

18、經(jīng)常會問奇怪的問題。37. C【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。前文had to “不得不”，提示下文用形容詞clever表示“明智的；聰明的”。38.D【解析】考查連詞意義辨析。下文“他的臣民們低下頭尋找答案”可知前文是時間狀語從句，用as引導時間狀語從句表示“當……時候”。39.A【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。根據(jù)下句“他立刻明白了當前的形勢”可知上文是伯巴勒“知道”國王猜謎的習慣。用動詞knew表示“知道；了解”。40.D【解析】考

19、查名詞意義辨析。承接上文“他了解國王的習慣”，說明他明白當時的“形勢”，用situation表示“情況；形勢”。41.C【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。動詞try 和for連用，try for 表示“謀求；嘗試”，和answer構成動賓關系，表示“尋找一個答案”。42.B【解析】考查介詞意義辨析。下文他立刻說出了一個具體數(shù)字，和even“甚至”的提示意義說明上文是“甚至沒有經(jīng)過片刻的思索”，用介詞without表示“無

20、；沒有”，表示否定意義。43.D【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。對于他說出的具體數(shù)字，根據(jù)常理推測，國王是詢問“你如何能這么確信？”be sure表示“確信的；有把握的”。44.C【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。承接上文，伯巴勒回答國王的問題是“讓你的臣民們數(shù)一下”，用動詞count表示“數(shù)”，和上面的數(shù)字對應。45.A【解析】考查形容詞比較級意義辨析。綜合這兩句話的意義“如果多了就是有來走親戚的；如果少了，是去走親戚了”可以推斷空格處用f

21、ewer，表示“少”這一意義，和上句的more對應。,二、完形填空的解題方法和技巧,盡管看起來形式上有殘缺（若干個空），但它的內(nèi)容和語言習慣、句與句之間的銜接點、句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空題時，通讀全文、明了大意、理清觀點、分清層次是十分重要的一步。我們必須自始至終依托語境，注意上下文之間、詞與詞之間、從語法到意義的合理搭配。,原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示即clue

22、s, 有的在本句中，有的在前，稱為前提示，有的在后，稱為后暗示,有的暗含于語篇中。,要充分利用首句的標示作用 第一句往往是全篇的關鍵句，首句一般不設空，它有概括和預示全文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并預測全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how…),,要注意尾句的提示和總結作用,故事的結局問題的結論幽默或富有哲理的結尾,,留意文章中有中文注釋的詞有注釋的詞往往對

23、理解短文和解題有幫助。,,Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文,完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．

24、“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many

25、 activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”

26、 “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to footba

27、ll practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10

28、 about what is right for kids.,,Practice,可以推測： 這篇文章是介紹青少年日常生活中過重課程安排，占用了孩子們大量的課余時間，成了影響他們健康成長的社會問題，,,,首句： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growin

29、g problem for Chinese families.”中文注釋： an expert (專家)尾句： Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,撇開選項不談，單從這些句子中，我們可以捕捉到如下信息： （1）XiaoQiang 是個12歲中國男孩。 （2）他有許多活動。 （3）專家認為過量的課程安排是個問

30、題 。（4）孩子們需要時間休息。,Step 2 通讀全文, 把握脈絡 Xiao Qiang，…,通過跳過空格，通覽全文，我們明白了大意、理清了觀點、分清了層次。 本文講述了許多青少年學生在課余時間奔走于各種各樣的after school activities 的問題，專家呼吁Kids need time to relax.,,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too m

31、anyactivities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do therest when I get home．I am

32、too tried, I just want to sleep.” Hesaid. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt

33、5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that theywished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem forChinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kidsand th

34、eir parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We allknow it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be

35、more difficult to learn when they get9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,,,跳過空格通讀短文：,,,,,,,,,,,Step 3 瞻前顧后，上下求索,本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語感，推測部分空格的可能答案，并劃出語篇標志和答題暗示。然后，再結合選項逐一敲定。

36、,完形填空。 （共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘）,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of m

37、y 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activit

38、ies to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-

39、scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice

40、or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about wha

41、t is right for kids.,,,平行結構,,1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving,,完形填空。 共2

42、05詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when w

43、e are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(

44、專家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem

45、 for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is importa

46、nt for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,,,,,,,,前提示,后暗示,,,1. A. ta

47、ke B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving,,,,相同或相似結構,,完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qiang

48、，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when weare 3 to practice，and I h

49、ave to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried,I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities todo.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development．“4l％o

50、f thechildren aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” sai

51、d Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way tofootball practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learnhow to

52、relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learnwhen they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what isright for kids.,,,因果關系,表達心情的形容詞,,,應與表達心情的形容詞匹配,,,后暗示,,4. A. but

53、 B. or C. because D. so5. A. excited B. interested C. worried D. dangerous6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time,,,,,完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qi

54、ang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I h

55、ave to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development．“4

56、l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese familie

57、s.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn

58、how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,,,后暗示,,平行結構,,7. A. slowly B. quickl

59、y C. quietly D. happily 8. A. on B. by C. in D. across 9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better10. A. hear B. think

60、 C. look D. tell,,,固定搭配,,,結合句義推測,,固定搭配、語境,,,,,,Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案,將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復讀一遍，爭取做到：結構正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。,保留解題痕跡的卷面：,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him awa

61、y from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He

62、said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more

63、than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More famili

64、es eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to lear

65、n when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,,后暗示,,平行結構,,固定搭配,,,結合句義推測,,固定搭配、語境,,,,,,,,,,,,,,前提示,后暗示,,平行結構,,,,Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案,將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復讀一遍，爭取做到：結構正確+語義

66、通順+邏輯合理。,Now we have conquered K2.,具體解題步驟,1、抓住首尾，了解短文,2、通讀全文，把握脈絡,3、瞻前顧后，上下求索,4、再讀文章，核查答案,,,,,勾劃、研讀首句尾句以及有中文注釋的單詞,打開答題窗口,了解全文。,,跳過空格，速讀全文，把握大意。注意文中的語篇標志，和句中的連詞,捕捉關鍵詞匯。,,前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運用解題策略從句子、段落、語篇層面解題，劃出語篇標志，找準關鍵詞、定位詞。,,代入

67、答案，再讀全文，反復檢查 爭取做到：結構正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。,少于1分鐘,約5分鐘,約2分鐘,約2分鐘,,Summary,完形填空解題技巧口訣,要想完形做得好，語篇理解最重要。語義語用是考點，邏輯關系要判斷。重首尾，看提示，平行結構要注意。依語法，找搭配，根據(jù)常識來選擇。做標志，找關鍵，先易后難看時間。按照步驟來做題，利用技巧闖難關。,信息常識，上下呼應，搭配遣詞，邏輯貫通,文中無閑句，句中無閑字,特別提示：,,三、解

68、題誤區(qū),1、單純求快忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結構，試圖用語言知識解決所有問題。 正確的做法是在整體理解語篇的基礎上結合語境選擇。2、時間安排不當，在幾個選項上過分糾纏，追求完美，導致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。 正確的做法是由易到難，合理分配時間。,Task 2 按照解題步驟，利用解題技巧兩人小組完成2014年河南省中考模擬題，保留解題的痕跡。,首、尾句及文章中心句：

69、 關鍵詞，提示詞：,,完形填空推薦圈點勾畫符號：,,Have a try!,One day the bathroom door had slammed on Timmy’s finger. The doctor asked if we had found the tip of Timmy’s finger. He said there was a small chance of 36 it if we could ge

70、t it to him quickly. Pulling myself out of a daze, I ran back to the bathroom. 37 , it had already turned blue. I knew from the look on the doctor’s face that it was too late. I felt helpless, unable to take the pain

71、away from my little boy. Then a(n) 38 came to me. I whispered in his ear, “Timmy, did you know that lizards（蜥蜴） grow their tails back and little boys can grow their fingers back too?” Timmy’s soft green eyes grew wide

72、 39 excitement. “They can?” he asked, obviously surprised by the thought, “And 40 ?” I told him, “Inside your head you have a little voice telling your finger how much you love it and how much you 41 it.”

73、 I could see Timmy’s little face focused in deep concentration. Then I continued, “Now just say, grow for me finger, grow. I love you and I need you.” A few 42 later, Timmy said to me, “I'm talking to my 43 every

74、day, wishing it well.” Weeks later, Timmy ran towards me. “See,” he said, “It’s growing back really good!” A year later, Timmy’s finger 44 back and became well again just as any finger could be. Timmy remains f