carbon footprints

1、Carbonfootprints碳足跡碳足跡Followingthefootprints追尋碳足跡追尋碳足跡Environment:Carbonfootprintlabelswhichindicateaproduct’senvironmentalimpactarequietlyspreading.Consumersmaynothavenoticedthemyetbutthereisalotgoingonbehindthescenes環(huán)境

2、：用以表明一個產(chǎn)品的環(huán)境影響的碳足跡標(biāo)簽，正悄悄流行起來。也許仍未引起消費環(huán)境：用以表明一個產(chǎn)品的環(huán)境影響的碳足跡標(biāo)簽，正悄悄流行起來。也許仍未引起消費者的注意，但已有諸多事情發(fā)生在在公眾視線之外者的注意，但已有諸多事情發(fā)生在在公眾視線之外Jun2nd2011|fromtheprinteditionDOYOUlookfcarbonfootprintlabelsongoodswhenshoppingIfyoudoyouareinasmal

3、lminity.Thepracticeofaddinglabelstofoodsotherproductsshowingthequantity(ingrams)ofcarbondioxideemissionsassociatedwithmakingtransptingthembeganin2007whenthewld’sfirstsuchlabelswereappliedtoahfulofproductssoldinBritain.Th

4、eideawasthatcarbonlabelswouldletshoppersidentifyproductswiththesmallestcarbonfootprintsjustasotherlabelsalreadyindicatedolphinfriendlytunaganicmilkFairtradecoffee.Producerswouldcompetetoreducethecarbonfootprintsoftheirpr

5、oductsconsumerswouldbeabletotellwhetherfexamplelocallymadegoodsreallyweregreenerthanimptedones.了碳標(biāo)簽，包括意大利面、牛奶、橙汁和衛(wèi)生紙。（Tesco在2007年稱將會對其在售的7萬種產(chǎn)品一一加上碳標(biāo)簽；目前它已成功在500種產(chǎn)品上加了碳標(biāo)簽。）“Inthelast12monthscarbonfootprintinghasbecomecomm

6、oncurrency”saysHarryMrisonoftheCarbonTrustaconsultancyfundedbytheBritishgovernmentwhichhasfootprintedmethan5000productswldwidefrombuildingmaterialstopharmaceuticals.Similarcarbonlabellinginitiativeshavebeenlaunchedinmany

7、countriesmeasurementtechniquesaregraduallybeingfmalisedaglobalstardisinthewks.Althoughconsumershaveyettoembracetheideathequietspreadofcarbonlabelsisbeingdrivenbycompanieswhichhavecometoseethevalueofdeterminingthecarbonfo

8、otprintsoftheirproducts.“在過去的12個月里，碳足跡已普遍可見，”受英國政府資助的一家咨詢機構(gòu)theCarbonTrust的HarryMrison如是說。這家機構(gòu)已經(jīng)對全球5000多種產(chǎn)品加上碳足跡，涉及建筑材料到藥物。許多國家也發(fā)起了類似的碳標(biāo)簽倡議，量定碳排放的技術(shù)逐漸正式化，全球標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也在制定當(dāng)中。盡管消費者仍未信奉這個做法，但企業(yè)正推進碳標(biāo)簽的平穩(wěn)應(yīng)用，企業(yè)已經(jīng)開始看到確定其產(chǎn)品碳足跡的重要性。Footpr

9、inting’sfirststeps碳足跡的起步Theearliestcarbonfootprintlabelswhichappearedin2007indicatedthepromiseoftheideabutalsohighlightedthecomplexityofmakingitwk.Amongthefirstproductstohavecarbonlabelsappliedwerethecheeseonionpotatocri

10、spsmadebyWalkersabrownedbyPepsiCowhichwerefoundbytheCarbonTrusttohaveafootprintof75gramsperpacket.ThisfigureprintedonthepacketwiththeCarbonTrust’s“blackfootprint”logoincludedtheemissionsassociatedwithgrowingthepotatoestu

11、rningthemintocrispspackagingthemdeliveringthemtoshopsdisposingofthepackagingafteruse.Nationalaverageswereusedtocalculatethetransptdisposalemissions.最早的碳足跡標(biāo)簽，出現(xiàn)于2007年，展現(xiàn)了這個想法的前景，但也強調(diào)了其推廣的復(fù)雜性。應(yīng)用碳標(biāo)簽的最早產(chǎn)品是百事可樂公司下屬品牌沃克斯的起司蔥香炸

12、薯片，由CarbonTrust發(fā)起，每袋含有75克的碳足跡。這個碳足跡標(biāo)簽，印在袋子上和CarbonTrust的“黑足跡”標(biāo)志一起，包括種植土豆、土豆轉(zhuǎn)化為炸薯片、包裝、交付給商店以及食后包裝袋處理的這么些過程所排放的總碳量。運輸和處理過程的碳排放量一般是用國家平均值來計算。Itisnotsomuchthelabelitselfthatmattersbuttheprocessthatmustbegonethroughtocreateit