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1、1全球化的缺點(diǎn):全球化的缺點(diǎn):?經(jīng)濟(jì)上,發(fā)展中國家的勞動力被剝削,資源被取用,而產(chǎn)品卻不能夠進(jìn)人發(fā)達(dá)國家,國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)受到外商和外企的沖擊;?社會上,外國的產(chǎn)品流人一個國家,會改變?nèi)藗兊纳盍?xí)慣和購買習(xí)慣;年輕人比較喜歡外同產(chǎn)品,比如說食品、衣服、電子產(chǎn)品和娛樂方式;?文化上,本土文化會被削弱,本土語言會受到威脅,文化多樣性會逐步損失;?環(huán)境上,工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)和交通量的加大會增加溫室氣體的排放;游人的增多會對自然環(huán)境構(gòu)成威脅。Topic1:In
2、creasingtravelsbetweencountriesenablepeopletolearndifferentculturestoincreasetensionbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcountries外來人口的增加有利于文化的交流:?游客或者移民都具備經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和價值(commercialinteresteconomicvalue);而外同人的停留時間是和東道國的合作密切相關(guān)的(Thelengthof
3、staydependsonthecooperationofthehostsociety.)很多當(dāng)?shù)厝艘虼吮憩F(xiàn)得非常好客和友好,這有助于文化的交流(Manylocalpeopleareveryfriendlyhospitablewhichpromotetheculturalcommunications.);?對其他的文化和人民更為了解(abetterunderstingofotherculturesotherpeoples)改變?nèi)藗儗ζ渌?/p>
4、民族和文化的態(tài)度(alteronesattitudestowardsanotherpeopleculture)人們因此可以接受不同的文化和價值觀(embracedifferentvaluescultures)可以和平共處(createmotivationtocoexistpeacefully)并促進(jìn)對“多元文化的理解(promotemulticulturalundersting);?促進(jìn)文化的融合(promoteintegration)
5、消除文化障礙(removeculturalbarriers)外來人口的增加導(dǎo)致沖突:?違反當(dāng)?shù)氐牧?xí)俗會激怒當(dāng)?shù)厝耍╞reachoflocalcustomscanirritatethelocals)?不同文化的人看待同一事物總有不同的角度(harbourdifferentperceptions)并給予不同的解釋(differentinterpretations),比如對手勢、衣服、言行舉止有不同的理解;舉止不當(dāng)會引起當(dāng)?shù)厝艘庀氩坏降姆磻?yīng)(
6、provokeunanticipatedresponses)?外國游客增多會對當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境造成壓力,甚至破壞環(huán)境,而移民增多可能導(dǎo)致工作機(jī)會減少,致使競爭更加激烈,這些都有可能引起當(dāng)?shù)厝说姆锤校╟auseresentmentinlocalcommunities).范文范文Globalizationisacatchalltermthatreferstoanyactivitythatinvolvesmethanonecountryfexampl
7、etravelfromonecountrytoanother.Thedramaticincreaseintransnationaltravelinrecentyearshassparkedcontroversyoverthepotentialimpactsofthistrendonindividualcountriesfespeciallythosenewmemberstatesofglobalization.Somepeopleare
8、concernedthattheupsurgeinnewarrivalswillpromptlocalhostilityagainstvisitsinsteadofpromotingtheirunderstingonmutualculturalbackground.Thisnotionshouldberejectedasonecanseemanyfactsinfavofthisdevelopmentbetweencountries.Th
9、efirstreasonwhyinternationaltravelswouldneverbringconflictisrootedinthefactthatbothvisitslocalsareeconomicallymotivated.Internationaltravelopensupopptunitiesfbusinessdevelopmentthroughoutthewld.Entrepreneursareinterested
10、notonlyinthedomesticmarketbutalsointheoverseamarket.Feignersshouldlearnthecultureofacountrybefewinningoverthelocalpeople.Inturnlocalsshouldshowtheirhospitalitytovisitsinexchangeftheirtrust.Theyshareaviewthatacceptanceofe
11、achothersculturalbackgroundisanecessaryconditionfcooperation.Understingaculturehasotherimplications.Differencesinsocialbackgroundculturalvaluesreligiousbeliefmightmakethediscrepancyoffeignerslocalinhabitantsonsomeissuesi
12、ndeliblehoweverthehigherinteractionthehigherlevelofcommunicationundersting.Arabiansfexampleusedtoconsiderwesternersastheirfoes.Nowtheyhaveconcreterelationswiththeirwesternalliesinmanyfields.Intheinitialstagetheirdivergen
13、ceseemed3文化多元性(Mostfeignprogrammingispromotingculturaldiversity.)適應(yīng)了當(dāng)?shù)氐臈l件(adapttolocalconditions),注意到了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕拿舾行裕╝wareofculturalsensitivity).自我調(diào)節(jié)來適應(yīng)市場(exerciseselfcensshiptosuitthemarket:)。范文范文Asinternationalmediacompanies
14、expacrossthewldthegrowingpopularityunifmityofsomemediaprograms(suchasTVshowsmoviesfashionshows)iscausingwldwideconcern.Manypeoplehavestrongviewstowardthistrend.Inmyopinioninternationalmediaiscloselylinkedtoculturalglobal
15、izationculturalhomogeneity.ThedominanceofinternationalmediaisasignofWesternculturalimperialismhasthepotentialtothwartculturaldiversity.ItisnotasecretthatinternationalmediaisownedoperatedbyahfulofgiantcpationssuchasTimeWa
16、rner.Theycontrollargesectsofthemediamarketplacenationalmediacompaniesatrisk.Thecontractioninthenumberofmediaownerswillcauseaproptionalreductioninthevarietyofprogramsbroadcasted.Fexamplepaintingmusicmoviesaccessibleinthem
17、ediahaveasmallnumberofgenresimposingrestraintsononesknowledgeofartwksofdifferentculturalbackgrounds.Inadditiontoseizingcontroloverthosecreativeindustriesglobalentertainmentcompaniesaffectculturaldiversitybyreshapingthepe
18、rceptionsbeliefsnmsofdinarycitizensindifferentcountries.MostoftheculturalvaluesidealspromotedbytheleadingmainstreammediaareofAmericanigin.Americanculturevaluesindividualitymaximizationofonesbenefitsmaterialwealthratherth
19、ancommunallifefamilysolidaritythevaluesnmspreviouslytreasuredin“manyAsiancountries.UnftunatelymanyAsianpeoplenowimitateAmericanpeoplecausingthealterationoftheirperceptionsoffamily.Thisradicalchangecanbeattributedtothosem
20、oviesTVprogramsthatptraythesuccessofAmericanindividualscpations.Thelossofmediadiversityisalsoresponsiblefpeoplesnarrowsenseofwaysoflife.TherulingclassofmanycountriesspeaksEnglishfavsWesternfoodwearsWesternstylejacketseve
21、nprefersWesternweddings.YoungpeoplearecaptivatedbyAmericanbasketballsomeevendaubingthenamesofNBAstarsontheirschoolsweatsuits.AllthesetransfmationsinlifearetheresultoftheaudiencesexposuretoHollywoodmoviesTVshowssptsrepts.
22、Thelossofmediadiversitywillleadtodegradationofculturetoaminimizationofculturaldiversity.Itisawryingtrendaspeopleneedculturaldiversitytopreservepassontheirvaluableheritagetofuturegenerationsincludinglifestyle.Asshownabove
23、internationalmediacontrolledbyahfuloftransnationalmediacpationsisexptingWesternculturewldwideputtingmanyindigenousculturesattheriskofextinction.Theunifmityofmediaprogramshasledtothatofartwksnmswaysoflifewhereverinternati
24、onalmediagoes.近義詞表近義詞表1.dominance=domination=power:統(tǒng)治,力量2.sign=symbol=mark=signal=indication:標(biāo)志,象征3.thwart=prevent=spoil=ruin:阻止,破壞4.ahfulof=asmallnumberof:少數(shù)的5.contractionreduction:減少6.proptional=relative:相對的,成比例的7.perc
25、eption=view=opinion:看法8.ideal=value=belief=principle:觀點(diǎn),觀念;標(biāo)準(zhǔn)9.solidarity=unity=harmony=cohesion:團(tuán)結(jié)10.becaptivatedby=beobsessedwith=bepassionateabout=beaddictedto=bekeenon=beenthusiasticabout:被…所吸引11.passon=give=impart=c
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