競爭基準(zhǔn)的車隊(duì)成本管理【外文翻譯】

1、原文：CompetitivebenchmarkingffleetcostmanagementTheobjectiveofthisresearchistodevelopcompetitivebenchmarkingstrategiesfprivatefleetmanagementtoincreasethecostefficiencyofoperatingthefleet.Conceptsproceduresofbenchmarkingde

2、velopedintheliteraturearereviewedfirst.Thisisfollowedbythedevelopmentofabenchmarkingprocedurespecificallyfprivatefleetcostcontrolmanagement.Anillustrativeexampleusingdatafromalocalcompanyisthengiventodemonstratetheuseoft

3、hisprocedure.Keywds:competitivebenchmarkingprivatefleetcostmanagementreliabilityIntroductionOperatingaprivatefleetoftrucksinvolvesmanyriskybusinessdecisionsfdeliveryserviceindustries.Manycompanieshaveeliminatedtheirpriva

4、tefleetbycontractingouttherequireddeliveryservices.Althoughtheuseofacontractcarriercaneliminateacostlyprivatedeliveryfleetnotallcompaniesfindthisoptionfeasible.Somecompanieshavecustomerswithspecialproductdeliveryneedstha

5、tcannotbesufficientlymetbyacontractcarrier.Themajityofcompaniesthatoperateaprivatefleetofferaspecialiseduniqueservicetotheircustomersthroughtheprivatefleet.Withouttheprivatefleetmostofthesecompanieswouldloseastrategiccom

6、petitiveadvantagejeopardisetheircustomerbase.Fsuchcompaniesitiseconomicallyviabletomaintainaprivatefleettomeetcustomers’needs.Thebusinessenvironmentfoperatingaprivatefleetoftrucksisdemingverycompetitive.Inaclimatethathas

7、highexpectationswithlittletolerancefunsatisfactyperfmanceprivatefleetmanagersarefcedtoattainexceedinglyhighlevelsofreliabilitycostefficiencywithintheirfleets.Unitreliabilityisdefinedastheprobabilitythattheunitwillperfmit

8、sintendedfunctionundernmalconditions.Indertoincreasethefleet’sreliabilityasawholesystemthefleetmanagerutilisesspareunitsasbackupcomponentsfthefleettherebyintroducingredundancyintothefleetsystem.Maximisedfleetreliabilityo

9、ffersthesafestfocusonfleetsafety.BigrasGamache(2005)presentashtestroutealgithmtosolvethefleetmanagementproblem.LeungWu(2005)investigatedistributionstrategywithfleetmanagementinanuncertainenvironment.GendreauPotvin(2004)r

10、eviewissuesinrealtimeoperationsmanagement.Whilemostfleetmanagersrecognisethatstrategicfleetdecisionssuchasfmalisedreplacementintervalscostcomparisonsareanecessitytheylackstardisedmethodstoachieveoptimisedfleetdecisions.S

11、omefleetmanagementresearchstatesthatbenchmarkingcanbeusedfcreatingstrategiclogisticsmanagementdecisions(Kpela&Tuominen1996)somediscusstheimptanceofrecdingequipmentcostsmanagingthefleet’stimeindertorunacosteffectivefleet(

12、Deierlein1995)buttheyfailtocreateanactualprocessfthefleetmanagertofollowindertocreateacosteffectivefleet.Therearenumeroussourcesthatteachafleetmanagerwhatefficiencyqualityareasconcepts(Robbins&Decenzo2011)buttheydonottea

13、chthefleetmanagerhowtoactuallyattainqualityefficiencyfthefleet.Itistypicalthatfleetmanagementresearchsupptstheuseofqualitystrategicconceptssuchasbenchmarkinglifecyclecostingbutthecurrentavailableliteraturefailstoprovidea

14、nactualfleetprocessthatdetailshowtobenchmarklifecyclecostthefleet.Untilstardisedmethodsarecreatedfthefleetfleetmanagementpracticewillcontinuetobebaseduponheuristicsexperienceratherthanfleetdataqualityprocesses.Therearese

15、veralgeneralisedbenchmarkingprocessesavailablefuse.Thereisnotabenchmarkingprocessavailablethathasbeenmodifiedtofitthespecificrequirementsoftheprivatefleet.Burkediscussesavalid10stepbenchmarkingmethod(Burke1995).Burke’sbe

16、nchmarkingprocessisageneralguidelinecanbemodifiedtofitthebenchmarkingneedsoftheprivatefleet.Summers(2006)describesasixstepbenchmarkingprocess.Fmalbenchmarkingcanbedefinedasanimprovementprocessinwhichacompanymeasuresitspe