全球公司會計舞弊和改革行為【外文翻譯】

1、1外文文獻翻譯譯文原文GlobalCpateAccountingFraudsActionfRefms1、IntroductionDuringtherecentseriesofcpatefraudulentfinancialreptingincidentsintheU.S.similarcpatescalsweredisclosedinseveralothercountries.Almostallcasesoffeigncpateacco

2、untingfraudswerecommittedbyentitiesthatconducttheirbusinessesinmethanonecountrymostoftheseentitiesarealsolistedonU.S.stockexchanges.FollowingthelegislativeregulatyrefmsofcpateAmericaresultingfromtheSarbanesOxleyActof2002

3、refmswerealsoinitiatedwldwide.Theprimarypurposeofthispaperistwofold:(1)toidentifytheprominentAmericanfeigncompaniesinvolvedinfraudulentfinancialreptingthenatureofaccountingirregularitiestheycommitted(2)tohighlighttheglob

4、alreactionfcpaterefmswhichareaimedatrestinginvestconfidenceinfinancialreptingthepublicaccountingprofessionglobalcapitalmarkets.2、CasesofGlobalCpateAccountingFraudsThelistofcpatefinancialaccountingscalsintheU.S.isextensiv

5、eeachonewastheresultofonemecreativeaccountingirregularities.Exhibit1identifiesasampleofU.S.companiesthatcommittedsuchfraudthenatureoftheirfraudulentfinancialreptingactivities.3Communicationsimproperaccountingflongtermdea

6、ls.FmerCEOL.DennisKozlowskiwasindictedftaxevasion($1millionofNewYksalestaxonartpurchases).TheSECisinvestigatingwhetherthecompanywasawareofhisactionspossibleimproperuseofcompanyfundsrelatedpartytransactionsaswellasimprope

7、rmergeraccountingpractices.WldComTocoverlossestopexecutivesoverstatedearningsbycapitalizing$9billionoftelecomoperatingexpensesthusoverstatingprofitsassetsoverfivequartersbeginning2001.FounderBernardEbbersreceived$400mill

8、ioninoffthebooksloans.XeroxOverstatedearningsffiveyearsboostingincomeby$1.5billionbymisapplicationofvariousaccountingrules.3、GlobalRegulatyActionfCpateAccountingRefmsI.U.S.SarbanesOxleyActof2002(SOA2002)Inresponsetocpate

9、accountingscalstheeffectsofwhicharestillbeingfeltthroughouttheU.S.economyindertoprotectpublicinteresttoresteinvestconfidenceinthecapitalmarketU.S.lawmakersinacompromisebytheHouseSenatepassedtheSarbanesOxleyActof2002.Pres

10、identBushsignedthisActintolaw(PublicLaw107204)onJuly302002.TheActresultedinmajchangestocompliancepracticesoflargeU.S.nonU.S.companieswhosesecuritiesarelistedtradedonU.S.stockexchangesrequiringexecutivesboardsofdirectsext

11、ernalauditstoundertakemeasurestoimplementgreateraccountabilityresponsibilitytransparencyoffinancialrepting.ThestatutesoftheactthenewSECinitiativesthatfollowedareconsideredthemostsignificantlegislationregulationsaffecting