2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、1外文題目：RestructuringIndustrialDistrictsScalingUpRegionalDevelopment:AStudyoftheWenzhouModelChina出處：EconomicGeography83(4):421–4442007.作者：YehuaDennisWei原文：Abstract:Abstract:TheWenzhouMunicipalityinZhejiangProvinceisspearhe

2、adingChina’smarketizationdevelopmentofprivateenterprises.ItssuccessfuldevelopmenttrajectycenteredonfamilyownedsmallbusinessesembeddedinthicklocalinstitutionsresemblesMarshallianindustrialdistricts(s).HoweverwithChina’sch

3、anginginstitutionalenvironmentintensifyingcompetitionWenzhouhasbeenfacingchallenges.Sincethelate1980sWenzhouhasgonethroughtwomajroundsofrestructuring(fromfamilyenterprisestoshareholdingcooperativestoshareholdingenterpris

4、es)thathaveincludedfourmajtypesofstrategicresponse:institutionalchangetechnologicalupgradingindustrialdiversificationspatialrestructuring.FirmsinWenzhouhavegonethroughlocalizationdelocalizationlocationalchoicesreflectthe

5、dualdestinationsofglobalizingcitiesintericities.Thefmationofnewfirmsclustershasbeenaccompaniedbymergersacquisitionstheemergenceofmultiregionalenterprises(MREs)someofwhichhaverelocatedtheirheadquartersspecializedfunctions

6、tometropolitanareasespeciallyShanghaiHangzhou.MerecentlyWenzhou’sgrowthhasslowedleadingsometoquestionthesustainabilityoftheWenzhoumodel.WearguethatWenzhou’sdevelopmentisindangerofregionallockins—relationalintergeneration

7、alstructural.Wenzhou’sexperiencechallengesthethodoxconceptofscallsf“scalingup”regionaldevelopment.KeyKeywds:wds:MarshallianindustrialdistrictregionallockintheWenzhoumodelChina.TheeticalTheeticalBackground:Background:TheT

8、heRestructuringRestructuringofofIndustrialIndustrialDistrictsDistrictsThenatureofindustrialdistrictstheimpactofglobalizationhavegeneratedconsiderablescholarlydebate.Thisliteraturehasarguedfindustrialdistrictsasnodesfglob

9、alizationlocalizationmotsfeconomicdevelopment.Industrialdistrictsareacterizedbyflexiblespecializationagglomerationeconomies.withasynergisticcombinationofdenselocalwkslocalinnovationlearningaswellasthefmationclusteringofs

10、mallfirms.Recentlytheliteratureonindustrial3officials50businessownersmanagersmostlybusinessownersespeciallyofsmallmediumsizedfirms.Onlyinsomelargefirmsweretheintervieweesvicegeneralmanagersdirectswhooftenownminityshares.

11、Alsoin2003weconductedasurveyoffirmsinfourleadingtownsinYueqing—LiushiNthBaixiangYuechengHongqiao(seeFigure1)—whichareamongthe10mostdevelopedtownsinWenzhouamongthe100mostdevelopedtownsinZhejiang.Therevenuespopulationofthe

12、setownsaccountedf75percent43percentofthetotalsinthecountyrespectively(Wang2003).Thestructuredquestionnaireaskedfgeneralinfmationacteristicsofthelabfcerelocationwkrelationsdevelopmentproblemsfuturedevelopmentwithanemphasi

13、sonmodesofrelocationinvestmentareaslocationalchoice.Alltheenterpriseswithoutputsofmethan500000yuanin2002(US$1wasabout8.2yuanatthetime)inthefourtownsservedasthesamplingframe(thereisnoofficiallistfsmallerfirms).Twohundreds

14、urveyfmswerepersonallydeliveredtotheromlyedenterprisespurposelyedlargefirms(50feachtown)generated110returns(areturnrateof55percent)94effectivereturns(aneffectivereturnrateof47percent)with30ofthemaccompaniedfollowedbyinde

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