外文翻譯--可編程邏輯控制器（plc）的現(xiàn)況和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)

1、<p><b>　　中文2300字</b></p><p>　　The status and development trend of Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)</p><p>　　Rockwell Automation Control Logic Product Manager, China Region<

2、/p><p>　　PLC is to improve the productivity of the development of the requirements-driven. Upgrading difficult to maintain the inconvenience. With the development of electronic components, Before and after the

3、1969 invention of the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). AB (Allen I. Bradley) is the inventor of the PLC And PLC, one of the family as the use of registered trademarks. AB (Rockwell) since Action of the acquisition),

4、The first is to replace a major role in PLC Relay. Exclusively for the logic of</p><p>　　PLC's first major application in the automotive production line. With the application of Continuously expand the a

5、rea of a variety of households in PLC. In order to meet the needs of different Application of the requirements of the needs of families with a strong PLC itself flexibility. Households PLC Factory solution is standardize

6、d, modular and network. Input, output signal into 20mA and so on, each signal using. A types of processing modules, each module there are multiple channels, so that t</p><p>　　the network. Decentralized cont

7、rol can be achieved, reducing installation costs. To improve integration. It is precisely because this flexibility. Users can easily Build their own automated control system. Households PLC is designed for Industrial env

8、ironment, therefore, reliability and strong anti-interference ability. Households P LC In the long-term applications, challenges. Almost become a high reliability of the</p><p>　　generation of Word. Almost a

9、ll large-scale sequence control, it is important to the application of PLC-body Achievable. It can be said. No household there is no modern manufacturing PLC.</p><p>　　DCS further integration of PLC technolo

10、gy, the development of AC-mortem (Programmable Automation Controller). PAC in the current Domestic and foreign have different definitions. PAC mentioned here is not a PC - The realization of automatic control. It is not

11、only the order of control functions can be achieved, but also The realization of process control, motion control, drive control, safety control and approved Department The rationale for such. PAC has a strong ability to

12、connect to the networ</p><p>　　Rockwell Automation in the network using Ethernet / IP, Device Net three network technology. And the realization of the three network Seamless network connectivity is a model o

13、f network architecture industries. The technology of nuclear Heart is the CIP (common industrial protocol) protocol. PLC networks Mod bus application is also very extensive. Aspects of the current Romanian Industrial Eth

14、ernet Rockwell Automation, Schneider pushed the main CIP Ethernet, Siemens and so the main push Ether Ne</p><p>　　With the development of electronic technology. PLC size is getting smaller and smaller. Small

15、 Is limited. Not better. RC components such as body Plot and anti-jamming measures it is difficult to reduce the need for these discrete components. At the same time. In order to use more convenient, more powerful, const

16、antly expanding the memory controller Large capacity continued to increase. PLC has also absorbed the results of IT in the bottom of the greater use of XML technology. In the network to a</p><p>　　At present

17、, such as the existence of a wide range of industrial computer control system, PLC and DCS And so on. IPC is in the laboratory and in more control of small-scale projects. In the Public The field of industry control has

18、not been widely recognized. Mutual PLC and DCS Infiltration.are aimed at each other's markets, IPC development in the slit. PLC More and more likes DCS. Industrial Machine and industrial machine with the control The

19、popularity of the PC machine, has developed rapidly. B</p><p>　　At present, automation is the main direction of development of enterprise and shop floor level Integration. Enhancement of productivity, global

20、ization, innovation and sustainable development Requirements, driven by information, communication, control and automation of dynamic integration The only way for development. China also has the funds to support enterpri

21、se integration Research topics, many industries have begun to explore the road of integration. Cisco and the Law Rockwell automation of j</p><p><b>　　中文翻譯</b></p><p>　　可編程邏輯控制器（PLC）的

22、現(xiàn)況和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)</p><p><b>　　羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化</b></p><p>　　PLC的發(fā)展是提高生產(chǎn)力的要求推動(dòng)的。最早的自動(dòng)控制采用繼電器板進(jìn)行的，控制邏輯簡(jiǎn)單.體積大.維護(hù)不便升級(jí)換代困難。隨著電子元器件的發(fā)展，1969年前后發(fā)明了PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)。AB(Allen—Bradley)是PLC的發(fā)明者之一

23、并把PLC作為注冊(cè)商標(biāo)使用。AB(羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化收購(gòu))、Modicon(PLC發(fā)明者之一，施耐德收購(gòu)是早期著名的PLC廠家。最早的PLC主要作用是替代繼電器。完全用于邏輯(順序)控制內(nèi)存小功能單一。但是，在回路調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)，仍然需要單回路儀表或者DCS。隨著電子技術(shù)、控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展，PLC從單純的數(shù)字量控制發(fā)展到簡(jiǎn)單的模擬量控制和數(shù)字量控制相結(jié)合，部分替代了單回路儀表的功能。</p><p>　　最早的PLC主要應(yīng)用在

24、汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)線上。隨著應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域不斷拓展出現(xiàn)了各種不同的PLC。為了滿足不同應(yīng)用的要求需要PLC本身具有很強(qiáng)的靈活性。PLC廠家的解決方案是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、模塊化和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化。將輸入、輸出信號(hào)分成24V- 20mA等，每種信號(hào)采用一種模塊處理，每種模塊有多個(gè)通道，這樣就可以組成不同規(guī)模的系統(tǒng)。同時(shí)也可以降低研發(fā)和生產(chǎn)成本。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化另外一個(gè)成果是編程語(yǔ)言的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。IEC61131-3在數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、程序結(jié)構(gòu)、編程語(yǔ)言和數(shù)據(jù)交換等方面制定了國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，新型的PLC包

25、括DCS都參考這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行開(kāi)發(fā)。PLC的網(wǎng)絡(luò)能力從無(wú)到有今天已經(jīng)非常強(qiáng)大。通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)分散控制，降低安裝成本，提高集成度。正是因?yàn)檫@種靈活性，用戶可以很方便地建立自己的自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng)。PLC在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)就是面向工業(yè)環(huán)境的因此，可靠性和抗干擾能力都很強(qiáng)。PLC在長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)用中經(jīng)受了考驗(yàn)。幾乎成為高可靠性的代名詞。幾乎所有大型的順序控制、重要的應(yīng)用，都是PLC實(shí)現(xiàn)的?？梢哉f(shuō)沒(méi)有PLC就沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)。 (Programmable Automat

26、ion Controller)。目前PAC在國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)外有不同的定義。這里講的PAC不是用PC機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)</p><p>　　在網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化采用Ethernet/lP、ControlNet和DeviceNet三層網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)。并實(shí)現(xiàn)三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)的無(wú)縫連接是目前工業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)的典范。其技術(shù)核心是CIP(公用工業(yè)協(xié)議)協(xié)議。PLC網(wǎng)絡(luò)中Profibus、Modbus應(yīng)用也非常廣泛。目前工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)方面羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化、施耐德主

27、推CIP以太網(wǎng)，西門(mén)子等主推Profinet。EtherNet/IP采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議和網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備。Profinet采用特殊硬件技術(shù)。大家都認(rèn)為工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)將獲得廣泛的應(yīng)用。但以太網(wǎng)能否一統(tǒng)天下還需要時(shí)間來(lái)驗(yàn)證因?yàn)橐环矫婺壳叭匀挥行┘夹g(shù)難題尚待解決。另一方面現(xiàn)有成熟的總線安裝保有量是非常大的，完全替換代價(jià)極大。</p><p>　　隨著電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展。PLC體積越來(lái)越小。但小型化是有限度的，并不是越少越好。因?yàn)樽枞菰?/p>

28、件等的體積很難縮小而抗干擾措施需要這些分立元件。同時(shí)，為了使用更加方便，功能更強(qiáng)，控制器的內(nèi)存不斷擴(kuò)大，處理能力不斷增強(qiáng)。PLC也吸收了lT的成果如在底層更多使用XML技術(shù)。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面積極推進(jìn)以太網(wǎng)應(yīng)用，把以太網(wǎng)從信息層的網(wǎng)絡(luò)變成實(shí)時(shí)控制網(wǎng)是目前努力的方向。實(shí)際上，羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化已經(jīng)可以使用以太網(wǎng)進(jìn)行控制。GE在新的系統(tǒng)中使用以太網(wǎng)控制I/O。Ether Net/IP能夠完成100ns的時(shí)鐘同步，可以用于包括SOE記錄在內(nèi)的高精度應(yīng)用。

29、Ether net/IP已經(jīng)有無(wú)線網(wǎng)適配器可以通過(guò)無(wú)線以太網(wǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)分布式控制這對(duì)于布線困難的安裝環(huán)境很有吸引力。目前市場(chǎng)上還用沒(méi)有發(fā)布以太網(wǎng)伺服控制產(chǎn)品但是很多廠商都在開(kāi)發(fā)，部分廠商已有樣機(jī)。PLC廠家積極向過(guò)程控制領(lǐng)域拓展。羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化收購(gòu)ICS Provilion(在先進(jìn)過(guò)程控制算法方面領(lǐng)先。另一個(gè)主要趨勢(shì)是全廠統(tǒng)一的解決方案，如羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化的集成架構(gòu)西門(mén)子的TIA等。</p><p>　　目前存在多種控制

30、系統(tǒng)如工控機(jī)、PLC和DCS等。工控機(jī)更多是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室和小型的控制項(xiàng)目上。在工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域并沒(méi)有得到廣泛的認(rèn)可。PLC和DCS相互滲透，都瞄準(zhǔn)對(duì)方的市場(chǎng)，工控機(jī)在夾縫中發(fā)展。PLC越來(lái)越像DCS以至于很多設(shè)計(jì)人員無(wú)法從功能上區(qū)分，僅僅根據(jù)生產(chǎn)廠區(qū)分。工控機(jī)和工業(yè)總線控制機(jī)隨著PC機(jī)的普及發(fā)展很快。但它們不同程度存在安裝方式可靠性擴(kuò)展能力易用性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化開(kāi)放性規(guī)?；矫娴娜毕?。PLC保持了靈活、可靠和高性價(jià)比的優(yōu)勢(shì)，同時(shí)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和開(kāi)放性方面有了長(zhǎng)

31、足的進(jìn)步得到很多用戶的喜愛(ài)。在功能方面只有某些在PLC基礎(chǔ)之上發(fā)展起來(lái)的PAC系統(tǒng)才能夠滿足全廠控制的要求。因此PLC的根基依然牢固。目前自動(dòng)化領(lǐng)域主要的發(fā)展方向是企業(yè)層和車(chē)間層的融合。在提高生產(chǎn)力、全球化、創(chuàng)新和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的要求推動(dòng)下，信息、通訊、控制和動(dòng)力的融合是自動(dòng)化發(fā)展的必由之路。我國(guó)也有相應(yīng)的經(jīng)費(fèi)支持企業(yè)融合的研究課題，很多行業(yè)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始探索融合之路。思科和羅克韋爾自動(dòng)化聯(lián)合生產(chǎn)工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)交換機(jī)正是順應(yīng)這一潮流的產(chǎn)物。羅克韋爾自