126有關(guān)計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)相關(guān)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯成品對(duì)delphi的概述

1、<p>　　此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯成品（ 含英文原文+中文翻譯），無(wú)需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式！下載之后直接可用，方便快捷！本文價(jià)格不貴,也就幾十塊錢(qián)！一輩子也就一次的事！</p><p>　　外文標(biāo)題：Overview of Delphi</p><p>　　外文作者：Elvis C. Foster Shripad V. Godbole</p><p>　　文獻(xiàn)

2、出處:Database Systems,2014：345-352(如覺(jué)得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做)</p><p>　　英文2026單詞，中文3489漢字。</p><p>　　Overview of Delphi</p><p>　　This chapter looks at the second front-end system that

3、we will consider — Delphi. The chapter provides an overview of the product under the following subheadings:</p><p>　　?Introduction</p><p>　　?Main Components of the Delphi Suite</p><p&

4、gt;　　?Shortcomings of Delphi</p><p>　　?Summary and Concluding Remarks</p><p>　　20.1Introduction</p><p>　　Delphi is an object-oriented RAD tool, which allows the software engineer to

5、 develop applications for Windows platforms. Delphi also provides a simple cross-platform solution when used in conjunction with Kylix, the equivalent RAD tool for the Linux platform. Kylix understands most of the code d

6、eveloped under a Delphi environment, making cross-platform software development more accessible to developers.</p><p>　　Delphi was developed by Borland in the early 1990s. The product evolved from Borland Tu

7、rbo Pascal after the company decided to make an object-oriented Pascal version of the popular product and simplify greatly the software development process. Since 2003, the market has seen several releases including Delp

8、hi V7, Delphi V8, Delphi 2005, Delphi 2007, and Delphi 2009. The rest of the chapter will be based on a review of Delphi 2005 and Delphi 2007. However, since the chapter deliberately avoids imp</p><p>　　Delp

9、hi is best described as a front-end RAD tool that interfaces with various databases through at least one of the following strategies:</p><p>　　Database drivers for Paradox, Interbase, MS SQL Server, Oracle,

10、DB2, Informix, MySQL, Sybase, Blackfish SQL, and SQL Anywhere</p><p>　　Borland Database Engine (BDE) for local database drivers</p><p>　　Borland Data Provider (BDP) for .NET (this includes Inter

11、base 7.5, MS SQL Server, Oracle, DB2, Sybase, and MS Access)</p><p>　　Delphi allows you to wrap an object-oriented GUI around a relational database. Figure 20-1 summarizes some of the different types of proj

12、ects that Delphi can be used for, and Figure 20-2 summarizes the main strengths of the product.</p><p>　　■Object-Oriented: The object-oriented approach to software development, as supported by the product,

13、enhances productivity in application development and maintenance. In particular, the effects of reusability of code (and objects), polymorphism and encapsulation are marked. Also, understand ability of the system is grea

14、tly enhanced. Thus, system development becomes more exciting, challenging and meaningful.</p><p>　　■Ease of Usage: Automatic code generation (which can be easily accessed and modified) significantly allows

15、for a significant reduction in the development time for an application. One-touch key or click allows quick access to code or changing back to visual editing of application. Code is easy to traverse, visualize, and modi

16、fy, with very useful highlighters and code completion features.</p><p>　　■Comprehensive Tool Palette: Delphi provides a tool palette of over 160 reusable, customizable and extensible CLX components (in vari

17、ous categories) for rapidly building sophisticated internet, database and GUI applications.</p><p>　　■Code Generation: Delphi generates a fair amount of code - in fact you can build quite sophisticated appl

18、ications without writing a single line of code. In more complex situations where the software engineer needs to write code, he/she gets a jump-start, which may account for anywhere between 40% and 80% of coding.</p>

19、;<p>　　■Ease of Learning: The code is generated in Object Pascal, a very easy-to-learn language.</p><p>　　■Scalability: Delphi allows building large corporate-level applications either from scratch,

20、 or from using existing Delphi applications and scaling up.</p><p>　　■Cross Platform Portability: Code developed under Windows (using CLX), can be used natively under Linux using Kylix, reducing development

21、 time and cost while enlarging the potential market of developed applications.</p><p>　　■Database Support: Support for a wide cross section of databases including MS Access, DB2, dBase, FoxPro, InterBase, I

22、nformix, MS SQL, MySQL, MyBase, Oracle, Paradox, and Sybase.</p><p>　　■Comprehensive Help System: The help system is comprehensive and well organized, with context sensitivity features.</p><p>

23、　　■Operating System Integration: The product integrates seamlessly into the MS Windows and Linux environment, utilizing the power of the operating system, rather than trying to take on tasks traditionally done by an ope

24、rating system.</p><p>　　■Easy Database Creation & Management: The creation and management of databases is a case which emphasizes the previous advantage. Delphi allows you to create a database alias whi

25、ch points to a Windows folder containing the related database objects. Those database objects could be native database objects (for instance in Paradox), or they may be Oracle databases, or some other external database r

26、equiring access through ODBC. This is the extent to database creation and management in Delphi: it pa</p><p>　　20.2Major Components of the Delphi Suite</p><p>　　Delphi has the following major co

27、mponents:</p><p>　　?Database Development Environment</p><p>　　?Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and Visual Component Library (VCL)</p><p>　　?Borland Database Engine (BDE)<

28、;/p><p>　　?Component Library for Cross-Reference (CLX)</p><p>　　?Enterprise Core Object (ECO) Subsystem</p><p>　　?Documentation Subsystem</p><p>　　20.2.1The Database Devel

29、opment Environment</p><p>　　The available tools for manipulating databases are as follows:</p><p>　　Database Desktop: A simple interface for creating and managing local databases.</p><

30、;p>　　Database Explorer: An intuitive interface to the different databases, allowing the user to view all the different settings, as well as performing SQL queries and data manipulation.</p><p>　　Borland D

31、atabase Engine (BDE): A subsystem that allows programmatic access and modification of databases and the data contained in them. It is the engine between the application and the data, and facilitates access to various dat

32、abases. It also provides access to non-native databases using ODBC, and other vendor products using their respective drivers.</p><p>　　Through the database development environment, the user can carry out the

33、 following functions:</p><p>　　?Create a database alias</p><p>　　?Create tables</p><p>　　?Modify table structures</p><p>　　?Create and modify indexes</p><p&g

34、t;　　?Create and modify logical views</p><p>　　?Create and modify queries, which include graphic interpretation of data</p><p>　　?Create and modify reports which include graphic interpretation of

35、 data</p><p>　　Additionally, the developer has the option of writing original SQL statements and storing these in files for later use. In summary, the main database object types facilitated are database alia

36、ses, tables, indexes, views and query files.</p><p>　　20.2.2Interactive Development Environment</p><p>　　The Interactive Development Environment (IDE) is the Delphi component that is used for ap

37、plication development for Delphi, Delphi for .NET, or C++. It provides a number of useful features:</p><p>　　A GUI with a number of predefined application building blocks, located on over 30 tool palettes. M

38、ore commonly used tool palettes include Standard, Additional, Data Access, Data Controls, dbExpress, BDE, ActiveX, COM+, and ADO (ActiveX Data Objects).</p><p>　　Context sensitive prompts to guide the applic

39、ation development process.</p><p>　　Figure 20-3. Commonly Used Building Blocks in Delphi</p><p>　　Each Delphi project may include several types of files. The more common file types are: project

40、files (extensions BDSPROJ and DPR), a Pascal unit file (extension PAS) with Object Pascal code for each operation with a corresponding form, and a form file (extension DFM) for each operation with a corresponding Pascal

41、unit. By using the tool palettes and applying Object Pascal (or C++) code, other components can be easily added to the project. Some commonly used application building blocks are menti</p><p>　　Theses tools

42、provide software engineers and application developers with much flexibility; the tools can be used to build a wide range of software applications including:</p><p>　　Traditional database applications</p&g

43、t;<p>　　Client-server applications</p><p>　　E-Business applications</p><p>　　Web applications and services using W3C compliant technologies such as SOAP, XML, WSDL</p><p>　　W

44、eb applications frameworks compatible with Apache, IIS and Netscape Web servers</p><p>　　Text editors and other GUI-based applications</p><p>　　Delphi generates all code in Object Pascal. The co

45、de can be easily accessed and modified by the application developer. In practice, this is normally done, in order to create an acceptable user interface.</p><p>　　20.2.3Database Engine</p><p>　　

46、The Borland Database Engine (BDE) was the original component that allowed programmatic access and modification of databases and data. It was the engine between the application and the physical database. In application mo

47、de, the developer would typically superimpose BDE building blocks (via the BDE Tool Palette) onto forms to facilitate database access. The BDE also provided access to non-native databases using ODBC and other vendor prod

48、ucts using their drivers. In more contemporary versions of D</p><p>　　20.2.4Component Library for Cross Reference</p><p>　　Through its Component Library for Cross-Referencing (CLX), Delphi allow

49、s developing applications that can later be recompiled and used in the Linux platform (using Kylix). These libraries include:</p><p>　　Traditional database applications</p><p>　　Client-server ap

50、plications</p><p>　　E-Business applications</p><p>　　Web applications</p><p>　　20.2.5Enterprise Core Object Subsystem</p><p>　　The Enterprise Core Object (ECO) subsyste

51、m facilitates code visualization and the development and maintenance of class diagrams for an application. This component is fairly new and therefore still needs refinement.</p><p>　　20.2.6Documentation</

52、p><p>　　Delphi is marketed with a comprehensive help system, which covers all aspects of the software. The help system is in hypermedia format. Additionally, context sensitive help can be obtained by pressing t

53、he F1 key from anywhere during application or database development. Borland also maintains on-line documentation of the product.</p><p>　　20.3Shortcomings of Delphi</p><p>　　Figure 20-4 provides

54、 a summary of some observed flaws about Delphi. The flaws are mainly superficial, relating to the product’s user interface.</p><p>　　■There is not a simple SQL interface to perform complex interactive queri

55、es. However, the programmatic manipulation is very powerful and allows performing more than by interactive queries.</p><p>　　■Support for local databases such as dBase and Paradox is not as good as support

56、for large-scale systems such as InterBase, MySQL, and Oracle. In fact, support for the local databases tends to be lacking (thus confirming that Delphi is really a front-end system which will facilitate the construction

57、of an application which accesses a back-end database).</p><p>　　■The documentation provided by the product is suited for experienced developers. It assumes the user is familiar with the Delphi environment.

58、There are several books on Delphi software development available at bookstores that attempt to address this problem.</p><p>　　■The installation of Delphi in a networked environment where workstations are sh

59、ared among many people (computer lab setting, for example) gives a lot of problems since the product requires registration of the software suite. The software assumes a user is going to use the same workstation all the t

60、ime.</p><p>　　Delphi provides a RAD tool that once learned, can cut down development greatly,</p><p>　　it simplifies Windows application development, and it gives the freedom to use assembler in

61、structions, or object-oriented constructs and components that promise modularity and reduced maintenance in the long run. With its good performance at compile and run time, scalability and good database support, Delphi c

62、ompetes with the best software developments tools in the market.</p><p>　　20.4Summary and Concluding Remarks</p><p>　　It is now time to summarize what has been discussed in this chapter:</p&g

63、t;<p>　　Delphi is best described as a front-end RAD tool that connects to any back-end database via ODBC; but it also provides limited</p><p>　　back-end database services. The product runs on Windows,

64、 Linux and Unix platforms.</p><p>　　The Delphi suite includes the following components: Database Development Environment, Integrated Development Environment (IDE), Visual Component Library (VCL), Borland dat

65、abase Engine (BDE), Component Library for Cross-Reference (CLX), and the Delphi Documentation.</p><p>　　A few shortcomings have been observed about Delphi; they relate to support for dBase and Paradox databa

66、ses, the documentation, and product registration.</p><p>　　Delphi is an excellent product that has been tested and refined over time. It is anticipated that this product will be around for the foreseeable fu

67、ture.</p><p>　　20.5Review Questions</p><p>　　1.Identify some benefits of running a Delphi database (front-end) environment.</p><p>　　2.Identify and briefly discuss the main componen

68、ts of the Delphi suite.</p><p>　　3.Discuss some of the observed shortcomings of Delphi.</p><p>　　對(duì)Delphi的概述</p><p>　　本章著眼于我們將考慮的第二個(gè)前端系統(tǒng) - Delphi。本章概述了以下子標(biāo)題下的內(nèi)容：</p><p>

69、;<b>　　引言</b></p><p>　　Delphi Suite的主要組件</p><p>　　Delphi的不足之處</p><p><b>　　總結(jié)和結(jié)束語(yǔ)</b></p><p><b>　　20.1引言介紹</b></p><p>　　D

70、elphi是面向?qū)ο蟮腞AD工具，它允許軟件工程師為Windows平臺(tái)開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用程序。當(dāng)與Kylix（Linux平臺(tái)的等效RAD工具）結(jié)合使用時(shí)，Delphi還提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的跨平臺(tái)解決方案。 Kylix了解在Delphi環(huán)境下開(kāi)發(fā)的大多數(shù)代碼，使開(kāi)發(fā)人員更容易訪問(wèn)跨平臺(tái)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)。</p><p>　　Delphi是由Borland在20世紀(jì)90年代初開(kāi)發(fā)的。該公司決定制作面向?qū)ο蟮腜ascal版本的流行產(chǎn)品并大大

71、簡(jiǎn)化了軟件開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程后，該產(chǎn)品從Borland Turbo Pascal發(fā)展而來(lái)。自2003年以來(lái)，市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了多個(gè)版本，包括Delphi V7，Delphi V8，Delphi 2005，Delphi 2007和Delphi 2009.本章的其余部分將基于對(duì)Delphi 2005和Delphi 2007的回顧。但是，自章節(jié)故意避免實(shí)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)，您會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)所提供的信息也適用于早期版本，一直到Delphi V6，以及更新版本。自2008年以來(lái)，

72、Borland軟件開(kāi)發(fā)部門(mén)（負(fù)責(zé)Delphi產(chǎn)品線）已被名為Embarcadero Technologies的軟件工程公司收購(gòu)。該產(chǎn)品的當(dāng)代版本稱為Delphi Delphi XE2，由Embarcadero銷售。</p><p>　　Delphi最好被描述為前端RAD工具，它通過(guò)以下至少一種策略與各種數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接：</p><p>　　Dardox，Interbase，MS SQL Ser

73、ver，Oracle，DB2，Informix，MySQL，Sybase，Blackfish SQL和SQL Anywhere的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)程序</p><p>　　用于本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的Borland數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎（BDE）</p><p>　　用于.NET的Borland數(shù)據(jù)提供程序（BDP）（包括Interbase 7.5，MS SQL Server，Oracle，DB2，Sybase和

74、MS Access）</p><p>　　Delphi允許您圍繞關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)包裝面向?qū)ο蟮腉UI。圖20-1總結(jié)了Delphi可用于的一些不同類型的項(xiàng)目，圖20-2總結(jié)了產(chǎn)品的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)。.</p><p>　　■面向?qū)ο螅河僧a(chǎn)品支持的面向?qū)ο蟮能浖_(kāi)發(fā)方法提高了應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)和維護(hù)的效率。特別是，標(biāo)記了代碼（和對(duì)象）的可重用性，多態(tài)性和封裝的影響。而且，系統(tǒng)的可理解性大大增強(qiáng)。因此，系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)變

75、得更加激動(dòng)，具有挑戰(zhàn)性和有意義。</p><p>　　■易用性：自動(dòng)代碼生成（可輕松訪問(wèn)和修改）顯著縮短了應(yīng)用程序的開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)間。單觸鍵或單擊可以快速訪問(wèn)代碼或更改回應(yīng)用程序的可視化編輯。代碼易于遍歷，可視化和修改，具有非常有用的熒光筆和代碼完成功能。</p><p>　　■全面的工具調(diào)色板：Delphi提供了160多種可重復(fù)使用，可定制和可擴(kuò)展的CLX組件（各種類別）的工具選項(xiàng)板，用于快速構(gòu)

76、建復(fù)雜的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和GUI應(yīng)用程序。</p><p>　　■代碼生成：Delphi生成相當(dāng)數(shù)量的代碼 - 實(shí)際上，您可以構(gòu)建相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的應(yīng)用程序而無(wú)需編寫(xiě)任何代碼。在軟件工程師需要編寫(xiě)代碼的更復(fù)雜的情況下，他/她得到一個(gè)快速啟動(dòng)，這可能占編碼的40％到80％之間。</p><p>　　■易于學(xué)習(xí)：代碼是在Object Pascal中生成的，這是一種非常易于學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)言。</p>

77、<p>　　■可擴(kuò)展性：Delphi允許從頭開(kāi)始構(gòu)建大型企業(yè)級(jí)應(yīng)用程序，或者使用現(xiàn)有的Delphi應(yīng)用程序和擴(kuò)展。</p><p>　　■跨平臺(tái)可移植性：在Windows下開(kāi)發(fā)的代碼（使用CLX），可以在Linux下使用Kylix本地使用，減少開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)間和成本，同時(shí)擴(kuò)大開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用程序的潛在市場(chǎng)。</p><p>　　■數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持：支持廣泛的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，包括MS Access，DB2，

78、dBase，F(xiàn)oxPro，InterBase，Informix，MS SQL，MySQL，MyBase，Oracle，Paradox和Sybase。</p><p>　　■全面的幫助系統(tǒng)：幫助系統(tǒng)全面且組織良好，具有上下文敏感性功能。</p><p>　　■操作系統(tǒng)集成：該產(chǎn)品利用操作系統(tǒng)的強(qiáng)大功能無(wú)縫集成到MS Windows和Linux環(huán)境中，而不是嘗試承擔(dān)傳統(tǒng)上由操作系統(tǒng)完成的任務(wù)。

79、</p><p>　　■輕松創(chuàng)建和管理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)：數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的創(chuàng)建和管理是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)先前優(yōu)勢(shì)的案例。 Delphi允許您創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)別名，該別名指向包含相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)象的Windows文件夾。這些數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)象可以是本機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)象（例如在Paradox中），也可以是Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，或者需要通過(guò)ODBC訪問(wèn)的其他外部數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。這是Delphi中數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建和管理的程度：它將對(duì)象管理的工作傳遞給運(yùn)行它的操作系統(tǒng)。</p>

80、;<p>　　20.2 Delphi套件的主要組件</p><p>　　Delphi有以下主要組成部分：</p><p><b>　　?數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境</b></p><p>　　?集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境（IDE）和可視組件庫(kù)（VCL）</p><p>　　?Borland數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎（BDE）</p>

81、<p>　　?交叉引用的組件庫(kù)（CLX）</p><p>　　?企業(yè)核心對(duì)象（ECO）子系統(tǒng)</p><p><b>　　?文檔子系統(tǒng)</b></p><p>　　20.2.1數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境</p><p>　　用于操作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的可用工具如下：</p><p>　　數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)桌面：用于創(chuàng)建和管

82、理本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的簡(jiǎn)單界面。</p><p>　　數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)瀏覽器：不同數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的直觀界面，允許用戶查看所有不同的設(shè)置，以及執(zhí)行SQL查詢和數(shù)據(jù)操作。</p><p>　　Borland數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎（BDE）：一個(gè)子系統(tǒng)，允許以編程方式訪問(wèn)和修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)及其中包含的數(shù)據(jù)。它是應(yīng)用程序和數(shù)據(jù)之間的引擎，便于訪問(wèn)各種數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。它還使用ODBC以及使用其各自驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的其他供應(yīng)商產(chǎn)品訪問(wèn)非本機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。</p

83、><p>　　通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境，用戶可以執(zhí)行以下功能：</p><p><b>　　?創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)別名</b></p><p><b>　　?創(chuàng)建表格</b></p><p><b>　　?修改表結(jié)構(gòu)</b></p><p><b>　　?創(chuàng)建和修

84、改索引</b></p><p>　　?創(chuàng)建和修改邏輯視圖</p><p>　　?創(chuàng)建和修改查詢，其中包括數(shù)據(jù)的圖形解釋</p><p>　　?創(chuàng)建和修改包含數(shù)據(jù)圖形解釋的報(bào)告</p><p>　　此外，開(kāi)發(fā)人員還可以選擇編寫(xiě)原始SQL語(yǔ)句并將其存儲(chǔ)在文件中以供以后使用?？傊?，促進(jìn)的主要數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)象類型是數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)別名，表，索引，視圖和查

85、詢文件。</p><p>　　20.2.2交互式開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境</p><p>　　交互式開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境（IDE）是Delphi組件，用于Delphi，Delphi for .NET或C ++的應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)。它提供了許多有用的功能：</p><p>　　具有多個(gè)預(yù)定義應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)建塊的GUI，位于30多個(gè)工具選項(xiàng)板上。更常用的工具調(diào)色板包括標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，附加，數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)，數(shù)據(jù)控件，dbEx

86、press，BDE，ActiveX，COM +和ADO（ActiveX數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象）。</p><p>　　環(huán)境敏感提示，指導(dǎo)應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程。.</p><p>　　圖20-3。 Delphi中常用的構(gòu)建塊</p><p>　　每個(gè)Delphi項(xiàng)目可能包含幾種類型的文件。更常見(jiàn)的文件類型是：項(xiàng)目文件（擴(kuò)展名為BDSPROJ和DPR），Pascal單元文件（擴(kuò)展PAS）

87、，每個(gè)操作都有Object Pascal代碼和相應(yīng)的表單，每個(gè)操作的表單文件（擴(kuò)展名為DFM）都有相應(yīng)的帕斯卡單位。通過(guò)使用工具調(diào)色板并應(yīng)用Object Pascal（或C ++）代碼，可以輕松地將其他組件添加到項(xiàng)目中。圖20-3中提到了一些常用的應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)建塊。</p><p>　　這些工具為軟件工程師和應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)人員提供了很大的靈這些工具可用于構(gòu)建各種軟件應(yīng)用程序，包括：</p><p&

88、gt;　　?傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)應(yīng)用程序</p><p>　　?客戶端 - 服務(wù)器應(yīng)用程序</p><p><b>　　?E-業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用程序</b></p><p>　　?使用W3C兼容技術(shù)（如SOAP，XML，WSDL）的Web應(yīng)用程序和服務(wù)</p><p>　　?Web應(yīng)用程序框架與Apache，IIS和Netscape We

89、b服務(wù)器兼容</p><p>　　?文本編輯器和其他基于GUI的應(yīng)用程序</p><p>　　Delphi在Object Pascal中生成所有代碼。應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)人員可以輕松訪問(wèn)和修改代碼。實(shí)際上，這通常是為了創(chuàng)建可接受的用戶界面。</p><p>　　20.2.3數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎</p><p>　　Borland數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎（BDE）是允許以編程

90、方式訪問(wèn)和修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和數(shù)據(jù)的原始組件。它是應(yīng)用程序和物理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)之間的引擎。在應(yīng)用程序模式下，開(kāi)發(fā)人員通常會(huì)將BDE構(gòu)建塊（通過(guò)BDE工具選項(xiàng)板）疊加到表單上以方便數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)訪問(wèn)。 BDE還使用ODBC和其他供應(yīng)商產(chǎn)品使用其驅(qū)動(dòng)程序訪問(wèn)非本機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。在更現(xiàn)代的Delphi版本中，DBE已被三種提供相同功能的替代品所取代：一種稱為絕對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù);另一種稱為Accuracer數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng);第三個(gè)組件叫做dbExpress。</p><

91、;p>　　20.2.4交叉引用的組件庫(kù)</p><p>　　通過(guò)其用于交叉引用的組件庫(kù)（CLX），Delphi允許開(kāi)發(fā)以后可以在Linux平臺(tái)中重新編譯和使用的應(yīng)用程序（使用Kylix）。這些庫(kù)包括：</p><p>　　?傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)應(yīng)用程序</p><p>　　?客戶端 - 服務(wù)器應(yīng)用程序</p><p><b>　　?E

92、-業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用程序</b></p><p><b>　　?Web應(yīng)用程序</b></p><p>　　20.2.5企業(yè)核心對(duì)象子系統(tǒng)</p><p>　　企業(yè)核心對(duì)象（ECO）子系統(tǒng)有助于代碼可視化以及應(yīng)用程序的類圖的開(kāi)發(fā)和維護(hù)。該組件相當(dāng)新，因此仍需要改進(jìn)。</p><p>　　20.2.6資料收集</p

93、><p>　　Delphi以全面的幫助系統(tǒng)銷售，該系統(tǒng)涵蓋了軟件的各個(gè)方面。幫助系統(tǒng)采用超媒體格式。此外，在應(yīng)用程序或數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)期間從任何位置按F1鍵可以獲得上下文相關(guān)幫助。 Borland還維護(hù)該產(chǎn)品的在線文檔.</p><p>　　20.3 Delphi的缺點(diǎn)</p><p>　　圖20-4總結(jié)了一些關(guān)于Delphi的觀察到的缺陷。缺陷主要是膚淺的，與產(chǎn)品的用戶界面

94、有關(guān)。</p><p>　　■沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的SQL接口來(lái)執(zhí)行復(fù)雜的交互式查詢。但是，程序化操作非常強(qiáng)大，并且允許執(zhí)行多個(gè)交互式查詢。</p><p>　　■對(duì)dBase和Paradox等本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的支持不如對(duì)InterBase，MySQL和Oracle等大型系統(tǒng)的支持。實(shí)際上，往往缺乏對(duì)本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的支持（因此確認(rèn)Delphi實(shí)際上是一個(gè)前端系統(tǒng)，它將有助于構(gòu)建訪問(wèn)后端數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的應(yīng)用程序）。<

95、;/p><p>　　■產(chǎn)品提供的文檔適合經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的開(kāi)發(fā)人員。它假定用戶熟悉Delphi環(huán)境。書(shū)店里有幾本關(guān)于Delphi軟件開(kāi)發(fā)的書(shū)籍試圖解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。</p><p>　　■在許多人共享工作站的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中安裝Delphi（例如，計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)置）會(huì)產(chǎn)生很多問(wèn)題，因?yàn)楫a(chǎn)品需要注冊(cè)軟件套件。該軟件假定用戶將始終使用同一工作站。</p><p>　　Delphi提供了一個(gè)曾

96、經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的RAD工具，可以大大減少開(kāi)發(fā)，</p><p>　　它簡(jiǎn)化了Windows應(yīng)用程序的開(kāi)發(fā)，并且可以自由地使用匯編程序指令，或者面向?qū)ο蟮臉?gòu)造和組件，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，它們可以保證模塊化并減少維護(hù)。憑借其在編譯和運(yùn)行時(shí)的良好性能，可擴(kuò)展性和良好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持，Delphi與市場(chǎng)上最好的軟件開(kāi)發(fā)工具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。</p><p>　　20.4總結(jié)和結(jié)束語(yǔ)</p><p>　　現(xiàn)

97、在是時(shí)候總結(jié)本章討論的內(nèi)容了：</p><p>　　Delphi最好被描述為通過(guò)ODBC連接到任何后端數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的前端RAD工具;但它也提供有限的</p><p>　　后端數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)。該產(chǎn)品可在Windows，Linux和Unix平臺(tái)上運(yùn)行。</p><p>　　Delphi套件包括以下組件：數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境，集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境（IDE），可視化組件庫(kù)（VCL），Borland

98、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎（BDE），交叉引用組件庫(kù)（CLX）和Delphi文檔。</p><p>　　關(guān)于Delphi的一些缺點(diǎn);它們涉及對(duì)dBase和Paradox數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，文檔和產(chǎn)品注冊(cè)的支持。</p><p>　　Delphi是一款優(yōu)秀的產(chǎn)品，經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的測(cè)試和改進(jìn)。預(yù)計(jì)該產(chǎn)品將在可預(yù)見(jiàn)的未來(lái)出現(xiàn)。</p><p><b>　　20.5評(píng)論問(wèn)題</b>&