超聲診斷技術(shù)在克隆五指山小型豬妊娠監(jiān)測中的應用.pdf

1、This research was composed of three experiments: Experiment 1: Pregnancy diagnosis experience of Landrace as surrogate sows which generated cloned Wuzhishan minipigsIn this study，the real-time B-mode (brightness mode) ul

2、trasonography associated with the early pregnancy diagnosis kit was used for pregnancy diagnosis in surrogate sows. The best time for early pregnancy diagnosis in cloned Wuzhishan minipigs was the 30th day after embryo t

3、ransfer，when the gestational sac and conceptus reflection can be detected; on the 52th day after embryo transfer，the number of fetuses，fetal bones and head and spine can be detected. Also on the 87th day the fetal moveme

4、nt could be detected. In addition，throughout the course of pregnancy，the use of real-time B-mode (brightness mode) ultrasonography associated with early pregnancy diagnosis kit for pregnancy diagnosis in surrogate sows，c

5、ould timely eliminate interference and improve the diagnostic accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis in cloned Wuzhishan minipigs.Experiment 2: Ultrasonographic assessment of embryonic and fetal development in cloned Wuzhishan

6、minipigs’ gestationThe goals of the present study were to describe the reference standard images of cloned Wuzhishan minipigs in the whole gestation with a 3.5-5.0 MHz transabdominal B mode ultrasonography and the relati

7、onship between evolution of the embryonic and fetal structures’ values and time of gestation.In early gestation，the earliest time to detect the conceptus reflex was 25 d after mating and then the fetal head and eye orbit

8、s ifrst appeared on day 40 of gestation. From day 45 of gestation，besides the head and eye orbits，the fetal skeletons and spinal column were clear enough to be measured. In addition，the fetal heart，heartbeats and fetal m

9、ovements were first detected on day 50 of gestation，from the date of which the fetal chest，abdomen and the related organs were also present on the B mode ultrasound images.From day 18 until day 50 of gestation，the gestat

10、ional sac and conceptus variation curves for cloned Wuzhishan minipigs were calculated，the equation for relationship between the long axis of conceptus and the gestational age (y=0.2091x–3.815，R2=0.8043)，and that for the

11、 circumference of conceptus (y=2.0323e0.0411x，R2=0.8847) had the higher coefficient of determination. However，gestational equations established for the long axis of gestational sac and the circumference of gestational sa

12、c as follow:y=0.1875x-0.9564，R2=0.6493 and y=0.3942x+0.3829，R2=0.6996，had their low coefficient values. From day 50 until day 108 of gestation，the corresponding regression curves were also calculated. The best fitted cur

13、veequations were shown as follow: The long axis of the heart: y=0.0019x1.5009，R2=0.8598;Heart circumference: y=0.8254e0.0199x，R2=0.8257; The long axis of the head: y=1.6227e0.0117x，R2=0.7918;Head circumference:y=0.6875x0

14、.6612，R2=0.7976;The long axis of the trunk: y=1.0042e0.0176x，R2= 0.9492; Trunk circumference: y=2.9651e0.0175x，R2=0.9362;where x represented the gestational age. Results showed that the transabdominal B mode ultrasonogra

15、phy measurements of embryonic and fetal structures’ values were useful methods for monitoring and estimating gestational age in cloned Wuzhishan minipigs.Experiment 3: Fetal movements’ variation of cloned Wuzhishan minip

16、igs during late gestationIn this test，by means of transabdominal ultrasonography fetal movements of cloned Wuzhishan miniature pig during late gestation was studied，including％of fetal movements’ duration occurred within

17、60min，the trend in occurrence over time and heart rate of sows and fetus. The results showed that，incidence and duration time of head movements(HM) was highest，forelimb movements (LM) followed by，general movements (GM) l

18、ess (P<0.05)，rotation(ROT) (P<0.01) occurred rarely. Except that ROT showed no particular trend over time，the occurrence of GM，HM，LM showed a significant decreasing trend towards parturition (P<0.05). Total fetal activit

19、y (the sum of the four fetal movements occurred) as gestation progressed，was significantly reduced (from 27.23±2.01% to 9.05±1.23%). In addition，as gestation progressed，the fetal heart rate gradually decreased，a signific

20、ant negative correlation was observed between the fetal heart rate and the fetal age，the regression equation was y=-0.854x+213.12 (x=Fetal age，y=Fetal heart rate，R2=0.7247)，the heart rate of the sows in late gestation gr