美國民事陪審團(tuán)制度研究.pdf

1、復(fù)旦大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文美國民事陪審團(tuán)制度研究姓名：唐慧敏申請學(xué)位級別：碩士專業(yè)：外國法制史指導(dǎo)教師：董茂云20040401[Abstract]CivilJurysystemwhichhasalreadyfadedawayinitscradlelandEnglandandgreatlydeclinedinCanadaandAustraliahasmanagedtoremainlivelyinAmerica.Thisarticletheref

2、oreissupposedtofocusonthisuniquemechanismCivilJuryinAmerica.CiviljurytrialwhichhadbeenstronglyatachedtobytheAmericancoloniesandtheirpeoplebeforetheIndependencewasnotprovidedinthefederalcourtsintheproposed1787Constitution

3、whichprovedalmostfatalintheratification.ThefundamentaldemocraticvaluesembodiedintheciviljurysystemendedtheseveredebateontherighttociviljuryintheadoptionoftheseventhAmendmentaspartoftheBillofRightsin1791.Morethanacenturyp

4、assedbytheenvironmentfortheciviljurydramaticallychangedwhichwasprominentlyfeaturedbythepromulgationofFederalRulesofCivilProcedurein1938.Thewinofequityovercommonlawthedeclineoftheadversarysystemandthestrengtheningofthecon

5、troloverciviljurybythejudgesallcontributednegativelytothesituationofciviljuryacommonlawheritage.Besidesthechangedcivillitigationcontextthestructureofciviljuryunderwentseveralsignificantmodificationsaswellincludingtheshri

6、nkofjurysizethebroadeningofjurycompositionandthedeviationfromtheruleofunanimity.Changesinthejurysizeandtheunanimityrulefeaturedtheatackfromtheefficiencyconcerninanewsocialandlegalenvironmentwhilethebroadenedrepresentatio

7、nenhancedthedemocraticvalueofciviljury.Anothersignificantdebateinvolvingciviljurythatshouldalsobeenlightenedisthejuryscompetenceincomplexcases.GenerallyspeakingtheAmericanciviljurysystemhasdeclinedtosomeextentbutfarfromo

8、utofdated.TheindispensableroletheciviljurysystemplaysinthereflectionandprotectionofdemocraticvaluesecuresitspositionintheUnitedStatesanditcontinuestofunctionefficientlyinthissocietyItmightnotbenecessaryforChinatoborrowdi

9、rectlytheAmericanciviljurysystem.ThedemocraticvaluesthattheciviljurysystemcontainsandprotectsandtheessenceofalivelylegalsystemreflectedinthehistorythatthesystemhasexperiencedhoweverareimportantelementsthatChinashouldtake