【2014高考調研】（新課標·名校調研）北師大版·英語（高三總復習）unit 20 new frontiers（課件）

1、Unit 20 New Frontiers基礎知識梳理詞匯梳理1. ________ n. 細菌2. ________ n. 全體機組人員3. ________ vt. 幫助；協助________ n. 幫助________ n. 助手4. ________ adj. 技術上的5. ________ n. 消遣；娛樂6. ________ n. 事業(yè)；企業(yè)7. ________ adj. 方便使用的8. ___

2、_____ vt. 下載,9. ________ vt. 更新10. ________ n. 饑餓________ v. 挨餓11. ________ n. 歧視；差別對待12. ________ n. 爭執(zhí)；沖突13. ________ n. 平等________ adj. 平等的14. ________ n. 數據庫；資料庫15. ________ adj. 電子的16 ________ n. 專家17. ___

3、_____ vt. 呈現；介紹________ n. 呈現；介紹；引薦,18. ________ n. 電子程序編制員19. ________ vt. 拯救；救援20. ________ adj. 起初的；最早的21. ________ adj. 操作中的；即可使用的22. ________ n. 指導者；教練________ v. 指導；教授23. ________ n. 困境；進退兩難的窘境24. ________

4、vi. 通信25. ________ adv. 同時26. ________ vi. 分開；分離27. ________ adj. 直言的；坦率的,28. ________ n. 后果；結果29. ________ vi. 努力解決；摔跤；搏斗30. ________ n. 界限；邊界31. ________ n. 現象________ pl. 現象32. ________ adj. 原始的33. ________ a

5、dj. 長久的；永久的________ adj. 暫時的；臨時的34. ________ vt. 允許；準許________ n. 允許35. ________ vi. 打噴嚏,36. ________ v. 嗅；聞37. ________ vi. (使)成熟38. ________ vt. 按；壓39. ________ n. 小伙子；電動剃須刀40. ________ adj. 有毒的________ n. 毒藥

6、41. ________ vt. 宣告；宣布,自我校對1.bacteria 2.crew 3.assist； assistance； assistant 4.technical 5.recreation 6.enterprise 7.handy 8.download 9.update 10.starvation； starve 11.discrimination 12.conflict 13.equality；

7、 equal 14.database 15.electronic 16.specialist 17.present； presentation 18.programmer 19.rescue 20.original 21.operational 22.instructor; instruct 23.dilemma 24.correspond 25.meanwhile 26.split 27.outspoken

8、 28.outcome 29.wrestle 30.boundary 31.phenomenon； phenomena 32.primitive 33.permanent； temporary 34.permit； permission 35.sneeze 36.sniff 37.ripen 38.press 39.shaver 40.poisonous； poison 41.declare,短語梳理1.

9、________ 預先 2. ________ 泄露(秘密)3. ________ 接收；接管4. ________ 以防萬一5. ________ 彌補,自我校對1.in advance 2.give away 3.take over 4.in case 5.make up for,重點知識探究重點單詞1. mass n. 質量；大量；大多數；群眾There were masses of people in t

10、he shops yesterday.昨天商店里人如潮涌。The masses have boundless creative power.群眾有無限的創(chuàng)造力。,知識梳理a mass of / masses of 大量的in the mass 總體上；總的來說點津提示a mass of / masses of表示“大量的；許多的”之意；后面既可以接可數名詞也可以接不可數名詞。,探究練習The young dancers

11、 looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ________ pictures of them.A. many ofB. masses ofC. the number of D. a large amount of,【解析】 B 考查了masses of表示“大量的”之意的用法。many直接修飾名詞；C項應改為a number of； a la

12、rge amount of修飾不可數名詞。,2. assist vt. 幫助；協助I was employed to assist the manager with his duties.我受雇協助經理工作。They had no maps to assist them.他們沒有地圖，很不方便。發(fā)散思維assistant n. 助手assistance n. 幫助,探究練習He has been ________ me

13、for a long time and I am grateful to him for his kindness.A. assisted B. assisting C. assisting with D. assisted to,【解析】 B assist是及物動詞，后面直接接賓語。故選擇B項。句意:他好長時間以來一直幫助我，我很感激他的善意。,3.present vt. 呈現；介紹；出現；頒發(fā)；授予The com

14、pany has decided it must present a more modern image.公司已經決定，必須展現出更加現代的形象。May I present my husband to you?請允許我向您介紹我的丈夫?On his retirement, colleagues presented him with a set of golf clubs.在他退休之際，同事們贈給他一套高爾夫球桿。,知識拓展p

15、resent n. 禮物；現在；目前 adj. 現在的；當前的；出席的；到場的What can I get him for a birthday present?我給他送點什么生日禮物呢？I’m sorry he is out at present.我很抱歉他這會兒不在。We do not have any more information at the present time.目前，我們沒有進一步的消息。,知識梳理pr

16、esent sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.把某物交給某人；向某人頒發(fā)某物present sb. to sb. 向某人介紹某人；引薦某人at present 目前be present at 出席,探究練習He intended to ________ himself better at the interview but actually he behaved worse than expe

17、cted.A. present B. express C. show off D. explain,【解析】 A 由后句語境behave“表現；舉止”可知，此處應用present表示“表現；呈現”之意的用法。句意：他原打算面試時表現得好一點，但事實上是他表現地比期望的要差一些。,4. rescue vt. (從危險等中)救出；營救 n. 拯救；救援The reporter rescued a child from

18、drowning.那個記者挽救了溺水的小孩。Many volunteers came to the rescue after the earthquake.地震后很多志愿者都來幫助救援。There were three rescues from danger in one afternoon.在一個下午三人獲救脫離危險。,知識梳理rescue sb. from doing sth.=save sb. from doing s

19、th.救某人免于……come / go to the rescue of sb. / one’s rescue援救某人探究練習用rescue和save的適當的形式填空。(1)He sacrificed his life to ________ another.(2)I once ________ some animals from the flood.,【答案】 (1)rescue (2)saved,高考體驗(2011&

20、#183;上海)After getting lost in a storm， a member of the navy team ________ four days later.A. rescued B. was rescuedC. has rescued D. had been rescued,【解析】 B 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：海軍小組的一名成員在暴風雨中迷失四天后獲救了。member和rescue之間是被

21、動關系，排除A和C兩項； rescue并非發(fā)生于迷失之前，不是“過去的過去”，排除D項，故選B項。句子只是在陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過去時。,5. meanwhile adv. 同時；在此期間The doctor will see you again next week. Meanwhile, you must rest as much as possible.醫(yī)生下周還會來給你看病。在此期間，你一定要盡可能多休息。I ha

22、d to wait an extra hour so I wrote letters meanwhile.我必須再等一個小時所以在此期間我寫了一些信。點津提示meanwhile相當于in the meanwhile或in the meantime等；meanwhile不能用作連詞，不能引導時間狀語從句。,探究練習She has spent four months in America， and ________， she has

23、 practiced her oral English.A. meanwhile B. in timeC. otherwise D. moreover,【解析】 A 句意：她在美國呆了四個月，在此期間，她練習了自己的口語?？疾榱薽eanwhile表示“在此期間；同時”之意的用法，符合語境；而in time是“及時；遲早”； otherwise是“否則”； moreover是“而且”，均為干擾項。,高考體驗(2009

24、·浙江)The incomes of skilled workers went up. ________， unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.A. Moreover B. ThereforeC. Meanwile D. Otherwise,【解析】 C 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：熟練工人的收入提高了，且同時非熟練工人的收入下降了。moreover“而且；除此以

25、外”；therefore“因此”；meanwhile“與此同時；另一方面”；otherwise“否則；不然”。,6. split vi. & vt. (使)裂開；(使)破裂；(使)分離n. ［C］分歧；分裂；分離；裂口；劈叉 split up a hill to let the water through劈山引水split a job among four persons把一件事分給四個人做the years foll

26、owing his bitter split with his wife.他和妻子分開后的那些年a 50 — 50 split in the profit利潤對半分,知識梳理split away off 脫落下來；分裂(出去)；分離split up (into) (使)分裂；(使)分離；分享；分擔split (up)with sb. ［俚］和某人鬧翻點津提示split的過去式和過去分詞均為split；而其現在分詞是spl

27、itting。,探究練習The task is too heavy for one person to finish so we decided to ________ between us.A. split it up B. separate itC. split up it D. none of the above,【解析】 A 考查了split up表示“分開”之意的用法。句意：這項任務工程巨大，一個人完不成

28、，我們不得不分開做。代詞作賓語時必須放在split和up之間，故選A。,7. cure vt. 治愈；治療；改正 n. 治愈；治療；治療法Parents try to cure their children of bad habits.父母試圖改掉孩子的惡習。The doctor can’t guarantee a cure.醫(yī)生不能保證治愈。Aspirin is a wonderful cure for colds.阿斯匹

29、林是治感冒的妙藥。,知識梳理(1)cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的??；消除某人的憂慮(2)a cure for sth. 問題的解決辦法；疾病的治療方法,探究練習用cure和treat的適當的形式填空。(1)The doctor has ________ his illness completely.(2)He was being ________ in the hospital.,【答案】 (1) cured

30、 (2)treated,8. fade vi.逐漸變弱；褪色；消失Will the colour in this material fade?這種料子褪色嗎? His voice faded to a whisper.他的聲音越來越小，變成了耳語。The laughter faded away.笑聲逐漸消逝。,知識梳理fade away 消失；逐漸減弱；褪色fade out 淡出(指電影、電視中的畫面)；漸隱；漸弱(指

31、電影、電視中的聲音)fade up 漸強(指電視、廣播中的聲音),探究練習The color is too dark and it will look better if it ________ a little.A. fades B. fallsC. disappears D. decreases,【解析】 A 考查了fade表示“減弱；褪色”之意的用法。句意：這種顏色太深，如果稍微褪點顏色可能會更好看些。其余選

32、擇項均為干擾項。,9. permit vt. 允許；準許 n. 許可證；執(zhí)照；營業(yè)證I would like to do it with you， but I am not sure whether my parents permit.我愿意和你一起做，但不知我父母是否允許。She permitted me to borrow the book.她允許我借那本書。I haven’t got a driving permit.

33、我還沒有得到駕駛執(zhí)照。,知識梳理permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事permit doing sth. 允許做某事permit of 容許permission n. 允許；許可ask for permission 請求允許without permission 未經許可with one’s permission 征得某人許可點津提示permit作名詞時，是可數名詞，意為“許可證；執(zhí)照”，perm

34、ission是不可數名詞，意為“許可”。,探究練習Would you ________ me ________ some advice on the matter?A. allow； offering B. permit； to offerC. allow； offer D. permit； to offering,【解析】 B 考查了permit sb. to do sth.表示“允許某人干某事”之意的用法。相當于a

35、llow sb. to do sth.，其余選擇項均不符合語法。,高考體驗(2011·天津)Passengers are permitted ________ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carryingC. to be carried D. being carried,【解析】 A 考查非謂語動詞。句意：乘客只允

36、許攜帶一個手提行李包登機。本句用的結構是sb. be permitted to do sth.，故選A項。,10. declare vt. 宣布；宣告He declared that the meeting has been postponed.他宣布會議已延期了。He declared (that) he was right.他力陳他是對的。,知識梳理declare for / against 聲明支持/反對某物decl

37、are war against / on ... 對……宣戰(zhàn)declare oneself 發(fā)表意見declare sb. / sth. (to be) ... 聲稱某人/某物為……,探究練習Hearing the club ________， all the people present at the ceremony burst into cheers.A. declared to open B. declaring

38、 to openC. declared open D. declaring open,【解析】 C 考查了declare sth. +adj.，表示“宣布某物處于……的狀態(tài)中”之意； hear sth. done“聽到某事被……”。其余選擇項均不符合語法。,重點短語1. give away泄漏；贈送His accent gave him away.他的口音暴露了他的身份。He gave away most of his

39、 money to charity.他把他的大部分的錢都捐給了慈善事業(yè)。,知識拓展與give有關的其他短語：give about 分布；傳播(謠言) give away 背棄；出賣；泄露(秘密)；贈送give back 歸還；送回give forth 發(fā)(放)出(聲音；氣味等) give in 屈服；投降； 退讓(to)；交(呈)上give off (散)發(fā)出(蒸氣)；發(fā)散(光線) give out 用完；用盡；散

40、(分)發(fā)；精疲力竭give over 中止；停止做give up 放棄；停(中)止,探究練習用與give有關的短語填空。(1)Check out the prices of our pizza — we’ve virtually ________ them ________.(2)The rebels were forced to ________ finally.(3)She didn’t ________ the h

41、ope of finding her lost child.(4)After a month their food supplies ________.(5)The flowers ________ a fragrant perfume.(6)Could you ________ me ________ my pen please?,【答案】 (1)given； away (2)give in (3)give up (4)

42、gave out (5)gave off (6)give； back,2. take over接管；接替When she fell ill， her daughter took over the business from her.她患病期間，她的女兒接管她的生意。I am afraid it’s not possible for you to take over the job.我恐怕你不可以接管這種工作。,知識拓展與t

43、ake有關的其他短語：take after sb.外貌或行為像；追趕take apart打??；嚴厲抨擊；拆開；拆卸take away from減少；減弱；貶低take sth. back退回；收回；理解；領會；記住take in 吸收；攝?。话?；包括；接受；接待；收容；領會；理解；欺騙take off起飛；匆匆離去；突然大受歡迎；迅速流行；脫下；摘掉take on聘用；雇傭；呈現；具有……特征；決定做；承擔,take o

44、ver from sth.占上風；取而代之take over 接管；接替；控制take to sth.開始沉迷于……；養(yǎng)成……的習慣；對……產生好感take up 開始從事；著手處理；接下去；拿起；舉起；帶(某人)去；占據；消耗；采納；接受,探究練習用與take有關的短語填空。(1)She was ________ as a trainee.(2)The table ________ too much space of th

45、e room.(3)The plane is ________ in ten minutes.(4)Who has ________ my dictionary?(5)The old man was ________ by the evil man.,【答案】 (1)taken on (2)takes up (3)taking off (4)taken away (5)taken in,重點句型1. By the ye

46、ar 2015， the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.到2015年， 服裝業(yè)將生產出一種新型布料，無論你將什么東西灑在上面都不會留下污漬。no matter what在句中引導讓步狀語從句，表示“無論什么”；相當于whatev

47、er。No matter what / Whatever you do， you should try all your best.無論你做什么，你都得盡全力。,點津提示(1)no matter what / which / who只能引導讓步狀語從句；而whatever / whichever / whoever是既可以引導讓步狀語從句也可以引導名詞性從句；引導讓步狀語從句時，相當于no matter what / which

48、/ who；引導名詞性從句時，分別相當于“名詞/代詞+that / which / who”。(2)whenever / wherever / however相當于no matter when / where / how，只能引導讓步狀語從句。,探究練習— I don’t know how to deal with my son. He always refuses ________ advice I give him.— He

49、 just wants to show he has grown up， maybe.A. no matter what B. whateverC. no matter which D. whichever,【解析】 B 第一句句意：我不知道如何對付我的兒子，他總是拒絕我給他提出的任何建議。whatever引導名詞性從句作refuse的賓語；同時，whatever在從句中作定語，修飾advice，是“任何……的”之意。,

50、2. The International Space Station is now being built in the Earth’s orbit and soon will be working as a permanent manned scientific base， so as to research life in space and provide a stepping stone in case future manne

51、d flights are sent out.現在在地球軌道上正建國際空間站，不久它將是永久性的人造科學基地。建空間站為的是研究太空生命并為將來發(fā)送載人客機提供落腳基地。so as to do是“為了……”之意，表示目的；相當于in order to do.。We have sent up man-made satellites so as to explore space.為了探索太空，我們已經發(fā)射了幾顆人造衛(wèi)星。,發(fā)散思維

52、so ... as to ... 如此……以至于……so that為了……in order to do 為了……in order that 為了……求同存異so as to do / in order to doin order to do只能夠表示目的，位于句首或句中均可；而so as to do既可以表示目的也可以表示結果，只能夠位于句中；其否定形式分別為 in order not to do和so as not to

53、do。,探究練習________ be late for the meeting， she got up earlier than usual ________ catch up with the early bus.A. In order to； so as to B. In order not to； so as to C. So as not to； in order to D. So as to； in order t

54、o,【解析】 B so as to do 不能位于句首；in order to do的否定式為in order not to do. 故選擇B項。句意：為了開會不遲到，她比往常起得早一些以趕上早班車。,隨堂基礎闖關Ⅰ. 單項填空1. Jim went to answer the phone. ________， Harry started to prepare lunch.A. However B. Neverthel

55、ess C. Besides D. Meanwhile,答案 D解析 考查副詞用法。句意：吉姆去接電話，與此同時，哈里開始準備午餐。前后兩個句子是相同的語意關系，在時間上表示同時，所以用meanwhile。,2. In dealing with public relations， we should make every effort to prevent the ________ in personality.A.

56、contact B. contrast C. connection D. conflict,答案 D解析 句意：在處理公眾關系中，我們應竭盡全力來阻止個性之間的沖突。 conflict“爭執(zhí)；沖突”； contact“接觸；聯系”； connection“聯系”； contrast“對照；對比”。,3. In many places of the world people often gather to laugh

57、 wildly just to ________ stress in life.A. rescue B. restore C. replace D. relieve,答案 D解析 句意：在世界上的很多地方，人們經常聚集到一起大笑來減輕生活的壓力。 rescue“營救”； restore“使恢復；歸還”； replace“替換”； relieve“減輕；解除”。,4. If most breadwinners _

58、_______ a day’s pay to the Hope Project， then it will be hopeful.A. gift B. donate C. present D. give,答案 B解析 句意：如果大多數有能力掙錢的人給希望工程捐上一日的薪水的話，希望工程就很有希望了。 gift“賦予”；donate“捐贈”； present“呈現”； give“給予”。此處應是捐贈。,Ⅱ. 短語

59、應用1. The teacher thought his students needed more practice and learning skills ________ much homework.A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. in place of,答案 B解析 句意：老師認為他的學生需要更多的實踐和學習技巧而不是太多的作業(yè)。 other tha

60、n“除了”； rather than“而不是”； more than“多于”； in place of“代替”。,2. The student’s puzzled look suggested that she failed to ________ what I said.A. take out B. pick out C. figure out D. find out,答案 C解析 考查動詞短語辨析。句意：那個

61、學生迷惑的表情表明她沒能理解我所說的。take out“拿出”； pick out“挑選”； find out“查明”均不符合語境。figure out“理解；想出”正確。,Ⅲ. 單詞拼寫1. Two men are ________ (協助) the police with their enquirers.2. Many people died of ________ (饑餓) in the past.3. She found

62、herself in ________ (分歧) with her parents over her future career.4. Crowds burst through the ________ (屏障) and ran onto the pitch.5. You are not p ________ access to confidential files. 6. The use of certain chemicals

63、 has now been ________ (宣布) illegal.,7. Tom is a ________ (同事) of mine at the bank.8. Hundreds of people are still in the water， waiting to be r________.9. There is a fire ________ (出口) on each floor of the building， f

64、or people to escape in case of fire.10. We are anxiously awaiting the o ________ of the negotiations.,答案 1. assisting 2. starvation 3. conflict 4. barriers 5. permitted 6. declared 7. colleague 8. rescued 9. e

65、xit 10. outcome,1. Computers will be more powerful than the human brain ________ intelligence.2. Hubbe was ________ in exploring the space.3. He was about to throw it away when he noticed something ________.4. The tw

66、o brothers ________ the development of aircraft.5. ________， space exploration is still in its initial stage.6. We will keep exploring the space ________ people remain curious.,7. He did the experiment ________.8. The

67、y are ________ the cause of the accident.9. In the future， small computers will ________ of most of the things instead of people.10. We should prepare for the party ________.,答案 1. in terms of 2. making a great break