簡(jiǎn)介：目錄一、前言前言11．1課題研究背景11．2課程研究目的和意義21．3ARM2440實(shí)驗(yàn)箱介紹21．3．12440核心板規(guī)格21．3．22440實(shí)驗(yàn)箱底板規(guī)格31．3．3軟件資源4二、需求分析需求分析4三、開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境及系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境及系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)53．1開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境53．2系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)5四、詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)64．1ARMLINUX的建立64．1．1建立交叉編譯環(huán)境74．1．2編譯內(nèi)核94．1．3生成并配置根文件系統(tǒng)134．2BOOTLOADER的移植154．2．1移植的環(huán)境154．2．2移植的步驟154．3基于S3CC400的嵌入式WEB服務(wù)器BOA移植204．3．1配置開(kāi)發(fā)板網(wǎng)絡(luò)204．3．3WEB靜態(tài)網(wǎng)頁(yè)制作234．3．4CGI程序LOGINC程序。23五、結(jié)論結(jié)論253－SAMSUNGS3C2440AL，主頻400MHZ，最高533MHZ。◆SDRAM內(nèi)存－板載64MBSDRAM－32BIT數(shù)據(jù)總線－SDRAM時(shí)鐘頻率高達(dá)100MHZ◆FLASH存儲(chǔ)器－板載64MBNANDFLASH，掉電非易失－板載2MBNORFLASH◆專業(yè)125V核心電壓供電，完美解決CPU發(fā)熱現(xiàn)象◆3個(gè)用戶LED燈1．3．22440實(shí)驗(yàn)箱底板規(guī)格實(shí)驗(yàn)箱底板規(guī)格◆大電流5V供電，提供更加優(yōu)質(zhì)的供電，防止切因?yàn)殡娫炊鸬腂UG；◆LCD顯示－板上LCD接口集成4線電阻式觸摸屏接口，可以直接連接4線電阻式觸摸屏，－支持黑白、4級(jí)灰度、16級(jí)灰度、256色、4096色STN液晶屏，尺寸從35寸到121寸，屏幕分辨率可以達(dá)到1024X768象素－支持黑白、4級(jí)灰度、16級(jí)灰度、256色、64K色、真彩色TFT液晶屏，尺寸從35寸到121寸，屏幕分辨率可以達(dá)到1024768象素－2440實(shí)驗(yàn)箱的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置為SHARP8英寸分辨率為640X480的TFT真彩液晶屏，自帶觸摸屏◆1個(gè)100M以太網(wǎng)RJ45接口◆3個(gè)串行接口，其中兩個(gè)為RS3232電平,以DB9接口引出，另個(gè)是TTL電平，以擴(kuò)展模塊接口引出◆4個(gè)USBHOSTA型接口（支持USB11協(xié)議）◆1個(gè)USBSLAVEB型接口（支持USB11協(xié)議）◆1個(gè)SD卡存儲(chǔ)接口◆1?路立體聲音頻輸出接口，1路音頻輸入接口

簡(jiǎn)介：基本C語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)題1用預(yù)處理指令DEFINE聲明一個(gè)常數(shù)，用以表明1年中有多少秒（忽略閏年問(wèn)題）DEFINESECONDS_PER_YEAR606024365UL我在這想看到幾件事情DEFINE語(yǔ)法的基本知識(shí)（例如不能以分號(hào)結(jié)束，括號(hào)的使用，等等）懂得預(yù)處理器將為你計(jì)算常數(shù)表達(dá)式的值，因此，直接寫出你是如何計(jì)算一年中有多少秒而不是計(jì)算出實(shí)際的值，是更清晰而沒(méi)有代價(jià)的。意識(shí)到這個(gè)表達(dá)式將使一個(gè)16位機(jī)的整型數(shù)溢出‐因此要用到長(zhǎng)整型符號(hào)L,告訴編譯器這個(gè)常數(shù)是的長(zhǎng)整型數(shù)。如果你在你的表達(dá)式中用到UL（表示無(wú)符號(hào)長(zhǎng)整型），那么你有了一個(gè)好的起點(diǎn)。記住，第一印象很重要。2寫一個(gè)“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”宏MIN，這個(gè)宏輸入兩個(gè)參數(shù)并返回較小的一個(gè)。DEFINEMINA,B（（A）BAB這個(gè)測(cè)試是為下面的目的而設(shè)的標(biāo)識(shí)DEFINE在宏中應(yīng)用的基本知識(shí)。這是很重要的，因?yàn)橹钡角度隝NLINE操作符變?yōu)闃?biāo)準(zhǔn)C的一部分，宏是方便產(chǎn)生嵌入代碼的唯一方法，對(duì)于嵌入式系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)，為了能達(dá)到要求的性能，嵌入代碼經(jīng)常是必須的方法。三重條件操作符的知識(shí)。這個(gè)操作符存在C語(yǔ)言中的原因是它使得編譯器能產(chǎn)生比F‐THEN‐ELSE更優(yōu)化的代碼，了解這個(gè)用法是很重要的。懂得在宏中小心地把參數(shù)用括號(hào)括起來(lái)我也用這個(gè)問(wèn)題開(kāi)始討論宏的副作用，例如當(dāng)你寫下面的代碼時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么事LEASTMINP,B3預(yù)處理器標(biāo)識(shí)ERROR的目的是什么如果你不知道答案，請(qǐng)看參考文獻(xiàn)1。這問(wèn)題對(duì)區(qū)分一個(gè)正常的伙計(jì)和一個(gè)書呆子是很有用的。只有書呆子才會(huì)讀C語(yǔ)言課本的附錄去找出象這種問(wèn)題的答案。當(dāng)然如果你不是在一個(gè)書呆子，那么應(yīng)試者最好希望自己不要知道答案。死循環(huán)（INFINITELOOPS）4嵌入式系統(tǒng)中經(jīng)常要用到無(wú)限循環(huán)，你怎么樣用C編寫死循環(huán)呢這個(gè)問(wèn)題用幾個(gè)解決方案。我首選的方案是WHILE1{}一些程序員更喜歡如下方案FOR{}BINTA//APOINTERTOANINTEGERCINTA//APOINTERTOAPOINTERTOANINTEGERDINTA10//ANARRAYOF10INTEGERSEINTA10//ANARRAYOF10POINTERSTOINTEGERSFINTA10//APOINTERTOANARRAYOF10INTEGERSGINTAINT//APOINTERTOAFUNCTIONATHATTAKESANINTEGERARGUMENTANDRETURNSANINTEGERHINTA10INT//ANARRAYOF10POINTERSTOFUNCTIONSTHATTAKEANINTEGERARGUMENTANDRETURNANINTEGER人們經(jīng)常聲稱這里有幾個(gè)問(wèn)題是那種要翻一下書才能回答的問(wèn)題，我同意這種說(shuō)法。當(dāng)我寫這篇文章時(shí)，為了確定語(yǔ)法的正確性，我的確查了一下書。但是當(dāng)我被面試的時(shí)候，我期望被問(wèn)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題（或者相近的問(wèn)題）。因?yàn)樵诒幻嬖嚨倪@段時(shí)間里，我確定我知道這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。應(yīng)試者如果不知道所有的答案（或至少大部分答案），那么也就沒(méi)有為這次面試做準(zhǔn)備，如果該面試者沒(méi)有為這次面試做準(zhǔn)備，那么他又能為什么出準(zhǔn)備呢STATIC6關(guān)鍵字STATIC的作用是什么這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題很少有人能回答完全。在C語(yǔ)言中，關(guān)鍵字STATIC有三個(gè)明顯的作用在函數(shù)體，一個(gè)被聲明為靜態(tài)的變量在這一函數(shù)被調(diào)用過(guò)程中維持其值不變。在模塊內(nèi)（但在函數(shù)體外），一個(gè)被聲明為靜態(tài)的變量可以被模塊內(nèi)所用函數(shù)訪問(wèn)，但不能被模塊外其它函數(shù)訪問(wèn)。它是一個(gè)本地的全局變量。在模塊內(nèi)，一個(gè)被聲明為靜態(tài)的函數(shù)只可被這一模塊內(nèi)的其它函數(shù)調(diào)用。那就是，這個(gè)函數(shù)被限制在聲明它的模塊的本地范圍內(nèi)使用。大多數(shù)應(yīng)試者能正確回答第一部分，一部分能正確回答第二部分，同是很少的人能懂得第三部分。這是一個(gè)應(yīng)試者的嚴(yán)重的缺點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗@然不懂得本地化數(shù)據(jù)和代碼范圍的好處和重要性。7．關(guān)鍵字CONST有什么含意我只要一聽(tīng)到被面試者說(shuō)“CONST意味著常數(shù)”，我就知道我正在和一個(gè)業(yè)余者打交道。去年DANSAKS已經(jīng)在他的文章里完全概括了CONST的所有用法，因此ESP譯者EMBEDDEDSYSTEMSPROGRAMMING的每一位讀者應(yīng)該非常熟悉CONST能做什么和不能做什么如果你從沒(méi)有讀到那篇文章，只要能說(shuō)出CONST意味著“只讀”就可以了。盡管這個(gè)答案不是完全的答案，但我接受它作為一個(gè)正確的答案。（如果你想知道更詳細(xì)的答案，仔細(xì)讀一下SAKS的文章吧。）如果應(yīng)試者能正確回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我將問(wèn)他一個(gè)附加的問(wèn)題

簡(jiǎn)介：第頁(yè)共40頁(yè)11、ARM微處理器有7種工作模式，它們分為兩類非特權(quán)模式、特權(quán)模式。其中用戶模式屬于非特權(quán)模式4、ARM微處理器復(fù)位后，PC的地址通常是0X0，初始的工作模式是SUPERVISOR。5、ARM微處理器支持虛擬內(nèi)存，它是通過(guò)系統(tǒng)控制協(xié)處理器CP15和MMU（存儲(chǔ)管理部件）來(lái)進(jìn)行虛擬內(nèi)存的存儲(chǔ)和管理。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)生數(shù)據(jù)異常和指令領(lǐng)取異常時(shí)，異常處理程序透過(guò)嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)存管理機(jī)制，通過(guò)MMU交換物理內(nèi)存和虛擬內(nèi)存的頁(yè)面，以保證程序正常執(zhí)行。6、編譯鏈接代碼時(shí)，有兩種存儲(chǔ)代碼和數(shù)據(jù)的字節(jié)順序，一種是小端對(duì)齊，另一種是大端對(duì)齊。7、構(gòu)建嵌入式系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境的工具鏈有多種，其中開(kāi)放源碼的工具鏈?zhǔn)荊NU工具鏈，ARM公司提供的工具鏈?zhǔn)茿DS工具鏈計(jì)算機(jī)有CISC和RISC兩種類型，以ARM微處理器為核心的計(jì)算機(jī)屬于RISC類型，其指令長(zhǎng)度是定長(zhǎng)的8、目前使用的嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)主要有哪些請(qǐng)舉出六種較常用的。、目前使用的嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)主要有哪些請(qǐng)舉出六種較常用的。WINDOWSCE/WINDOWSMOBILE、VXWORK、LINUX、UCOS、SYMBIAN、QNX任選六9、BOOTBOOTLOADERLOADER在嵌入式系統(tǒng)中主要起什么作用完成哪些主要的工作在嵌入式系統(tǒng)中主要起什么作用完成哪些主要的工作答B(yǎng)OOTLOADER是在嵌入式系統(tǒng)復(fù)位啟動(dòng)時(shí)，操作系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核運(yùn)行前，執(zhí)行的一段程序。通過(guò)BOOTLOADER，初始化硬件設(shè)備，建立內(nèi)存和I/O空間映射圖，為最終加載操作系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核調(diào)整好適當(dāng)?shù)南到y(tǒng)軟硬件環(huán)境。2、ARM支持兩個(gè)指令集，ARM核因運(yùn)行的指令集不同，分別有兩個(gè)狀態(tài)ARM、THUMB，狀態(tài)寄存器CPSR的T位反映了處理器運(yùn)行不同指令的當(dāng)前狀態(tài)3、ARM核有多個(gè)寄存器，其中大部分用于通用寄存器，有小部分作為專用寄存器，R15寄存器用于存儲(chǔ)PC，R13通常用來(lái)存儲(chǔ)SP。ARM處理器有兩種總線架構(gòu)，數(shù)據(jù)和指令使用同一接口的是馮諾依曼，數(shù)據(jù)和指令分開(kāi)使用不同接口的是哈佛結(jié)構(gòu)第頁(yè)共40頁(yè)31515、初始值、初始值R123HR123H，R20FHR20FH執(zhí)行指令執(zhí)行指令BICBICR0R0，R1R1，R2R2，LSLLSL11后，寄存器后，寄存器R0R0，R1R1的值分的值分別是多少（別是多少（4分）分）R021H，R123H1616、說(shuō)明指令、說(shuō)明指令STMIASTMIAR12,R12,{R0R11}{R0R11}的操作功能。的操作功能。（4分）分）將R0R11十二個(gè)寄存器中的32位數(shù)據(jù)，存儲(chǔ)到R12地址指針為起始地址的內(nèi)存中，地址的操作方式是先操作、后增加，并更新地址。一、填空題一、填空題請(qǐng)將答案填入題后括號(hào)中請(qǐng)將答案填入題后括號(hào)中共共1010小題，每小題小題，每小題2分，滿分分，滿分2020分。分。1、一般而言，嵌入式系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)架可以分為4個(gè)部分分別是（處理器）、存儲(chǔ)器、輸入/輸出和軟件，一般軟件亦分為操作系統(tǒng)相關(guān)和（應(yīng)用軟件）兩個(gè)主要部分。2、根據(jù)嵌入式系統(tǒng)使用的微處理器，可以將嵌入式系統(tǒng)分為嵌入式微控制器，（嵌入式DSP處理器），（嵌入式微處理器）以及片上系統(tǒng)。3、操作系統(tǒng)是聯(lián)接硬件與應(yīng)用程序的系統(tǒng)程序，其基本功能有（進(jìn)程管理）、進(jìn)程間通信、（內(nèi)存管理）、I/O資源管理。4、從嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)特點(diǎn)可以將嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)分為（實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)）和分時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)，其中實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)亦可分為（硬實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)）和軟實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)。5、內(nèi)核負(fù)責(zé)管理各個(gè)任務(wù)，或者為每個(gè)任務(wù)分配CPU時(shí)間，并且負(fù)責(zé)任務(wù)之間的（通信），內(nèi)核的基本服務(wù)是（任務(wù)切換）。6、嵌入式開(kāi)發(fā)一般采用（宿主機(jī)/目標(biāo)機(jī)方式）方式，其中宿主機(jī)一般是指（PC機(jī)或者臺(tái)式機(jī)）。7、哈佛體系結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)空間和地址空間（分開(kāi)），ARM7TDMI采用（馮諾依曼體系）的內(nèi)核架構(gòu)。8ARM7TDMI采用（3）級(jí)流水線結(jié)構(gòu)，ARM920TDMI采用（5）級(jí)流水線。

簡(jiǎn)介：XX大學(xué)研究生考試試題大學(xué)研究生考試試題課程名稱課程名稱擬題教師擬題教師系主任系主任課程編號(hào)課程編號(hào)適應(yīng)年級(jí)適應(yīng)年級(jí)工學(xué)碩士工學(xué)碩士20XX20XX至20XX20XX學(xué)年學(xué)年二學(xué)期學(xué)期考試方式考試方式閉卷閉卷一、填空題一、填空題請(qǐng)將答案填入題后括號(hào)中請(qǐng)將答案填入題后括號(hào)中共共1010小題，每小題小題，每小題2分，滿分分，滿分2020分。分。1、一般而言，嵌入式系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)架可以分為4個(gè)部分分別是（處理器）、存儲(chǔ)器、輸入/輸出和軟件，一般軟件亦分為操作系統(tǒng)相關(guān)和（應(yīng)用軟件）兩個(gè)主要部分。2、根據(jù)嵌入式系統(tǒng)使用的微處理器，可以將嵌入式系統(tǒng)分為嵌入式微控制器，（嵌入式微處理器），（嵌入式DSP處理器）以及片上系統(tǒng)。3、操作系統(tǒng)是聯(lián)接硬件與應(yīng)用程序的系統(tǒng)程序，其基本功能有（進(jìn)程管理）、進(jìn)程間通信、（內(nèi)存管理）、I/O資源管理。4、從嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)特點(diǎn)可以將嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)分為（實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)）和分時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)，其中實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)亦可分為（硬實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)）和軟實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)。5、內(nèi)核負(fù)責(zé)管理各個(gè)任務(wù)，或者為每個(gè)任務(wù)分配CPU時(shí)間，并且負(fù)責(zé)任務(wù)之間的（通信），內(nèi)核的基本服務(wù)是（任務(wù)切換）。6、嵌入式開(kāi)發(fā)一般采用（宿主機(jī)/目標(biāo)機(jī)）方式，其中宿主機(jī)一般3、下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)不是USB設(shè)備的特點(diǎn)。（B）A串行通信方式（B）不可熱撥插C分HOST、DEVICE和HUB（D）通信速率比RS232快4、下面哪種嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)很少用于手機(jī)終端設(shè)備上。（C）ASYMBIAN（B）WINCECUC/OS（D）LINUX5、以下哪項(xiàng)關(guān)于SRAM和DRAM的區(qū)別是不對(duì)。（A）ASRAM比DRAM慢（B）SRAM比DRAM耗電多CDRAM存儲(chǔ)密度比SRAM高得多（D）DRM需要周期性刷新6、UC/OS操作系統(tǒng)不包含以下哪幾種狀態(tài)。（C）A運(yùn)行（B）掛起C退出（D）休眠7、0X070X11的運(yùn)算結(jié)果是。（A）A0X01（B）0X11C0X17（D）0X078、以下哪種方式不是UC/OS操作系統(tǒng)中任務(wù)之間通信方式。（C）

簡(jiǎn)介：嵌入式高清卡口系統(tǒng)嵌入式高清卡口系統(tǒng)工程設(shè)計(jì)及施工手冊(cè)工程設(shè)計(jì)及施工手冊(cè)第II頁(yè)441線纜標(biāo)記規(guī)則線纜標(biāo)記規(guī)則25442線纜標(biāo)記細(xì)則線纜標(biāo)記細(xì)則2545設(shè)備安裝27451攝像機(jī)攝像機(jī)27452輔助照明設(shè)備輔助照明設(shè)備305設(shè)備調(diào)試3151調(diào)試準(zhǔn)備31511工具及材料工具及材料31512上電前檢查上電前檢查3152調(diào)試步驟31521攝像部分?jǐn)z像部分31522輔助照明設(shè)備輔助照明設(shè)備39523檢測(cè)器部分檢測(cè)器部分40524主控機(jī)配置軟件調(diào)試主控機(jī)配置軟件調(diào)試4453現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢驗(yàn)49531檢查項(xiàng)目檢查項(xiàng)目49532清理現(xiàn)場(chǎng)清理現(xiàn)場(chǎng)506常見(jiàn)故障排除5161開(kāi)機(jī)故障及其排除5162攝像機(jī)故障及其排除5163補(bǔ)光照明部分常見(jiàn)故障及其排除5264整機(jī)調(diào)試故障及其排除527附錄53

簡(jiǎn)介：CENTRALSOUTHUNIVERSITY實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告課程程單片機(jī)與接口技術(shù)單片機(jī)與接口技術(shù)班級(jí)級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)號(hào)姓名名日期期2014年11月26日////CONSTANTDEFINE/////EQUCOUNT,20COUNTEQU20///EXTERNFUNCTION/////EXTERNTHUMB_FUNCTIONIMPORTTHUMB_FUNCTION///GLOBALSYMBOLDEFINE///GLOBAL_START///CODE///AREASTART,CODE,READONLYENTRYCODE32STARTSETUPINTERRUPT/EXCEPTIONVECTORSBRESET_HANDLERUNDEFINED_HANDLERBUNDEFINED_HANDLERSWI_HANDLERBSWI_HANDLERPREFETCH_HANDLERBPREFETCH_HANDLERABORT_HANDLERBABORT_HANDLERNOP/RESERVEDVECTOR/IRQ_HANDLERBIRQ_HANDLERFIQ_HANDLER

簡(jiǎn)介：1中文中文51005100字出處出處IEEETRANSACTIONSONCONSUMERELECTRONICS,VOL50,NO2,MAY2004英文資料及中文翻譯THEDESIGNOFARAPIDPROTOTYPEPLATFORMFORARMBASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMRUIWANGANDSHIYUANYANGHARDWAREPROTOTYPEISAVITALSTEPINTHEEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNINTHISPAPER,WEDISCUSSOURDESIGNOFAFASTPROTOTYPINGPLATFORMFORARMBASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMS,PROVIDINGALOWCOSTSOLUTIONTOMEETTHEREQUESTOFFLEXIBILITYANDTESTABILITYINEMBEDDEDSYSTEMPROTOTYPEDEVELOPMENTITALSOENCOURAGESCONCURRENTDEVELOPMENTOFDIFFERENTPARTSOFSYSTEMHARDWAREASWELLASMODULEREUSINGTHOUGHTHEFASTPROTOTYPINGPLATFORMISDESIGNEDFORARMBASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEM,OURIDEAISGENERALANDCANBEAPPLIEDTOEMBEDDEDSYSTEMOFOTHERTYPESIINTRODUCTIONEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSAREFOUNDEVERYWHERE,INCLUDINGINCELLULARTELEPHONES,PAGERS,VCRS,CAMCORDERS,THERMOSTATS,CURBSIDERENTALCARCHECKINDEVICES,AUTOMATEDSUPERMARKETSTOCKERS,COMPUTERIZEDINVENTORYCONTROLDEVICES,DIGITALTHERMOMETERS,TELEPHONEANSWERINGMACHINES,PRINTERS,PORTABLEVIDEOGAMES,TVSETTOPBOXESTHELISTGOESONDEMANDFOREMBEDDEDSYSTEMISLARGE,ANDISGROWINGRAPIDLYINORDERTODELIVERCORRECTTHEFIRSTTIMEPRODUCTSWITHCOMPLEXSYSTEMREQUIREMENTSANDTIMETOMARKETPRESSURE,DESIGNVERIFICATIONISVITALINTHEEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNPROCESSAPOSSIBLECHOICEFORVERIFICATIONISTOSIMULATETHESYSTEMBEINGDESIGNEDIFAHIGHLEVELMODELFORTHESYSTEMISUSED,SIMULATIONISFASTBUTMAYNOTBEACCURATEENOUGH,WITHALOWLEVELMODELTOOMUCHTIMEMAYBEREQUIREDTOACHIEVETHEDESIREDLEVELOFCONFIDENCEINTHEQUALITYOFTHEEVALUATIONSINCEDEBUGGINGOFREALSYSTEMSHASTOTAKEINTOACCOUNTTHEBEHAVIOROFTHETARGETSYSTEMASWELLASITSENVIRONMENT,RUNTIMEINFORMATIONISEXTREMELYIMPORTANTTHEREFORE,STATICANALYSISWITHSIMULATIONMETHODSISTOOSLOWANDNOTSUFFICIENTANDSIMULATIONCANNOTREVEALDEEPISSUESINREALPHYSICAL3THEIRPRODUCTSAREAIMEDATSOCSYSTEMONACHIPFUNCTIONALVERIFICATIONINSTEADOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTINTHISPAPER,WEDISCUSSOURDESIGNOFARAPIDPROTOTYPINGPLATFORMFORARMBASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEM,PROVIDINGALOWCOSTSOLUTIONTOMEETTHEREQUESTOFFLEXIBILITYANDTESTABILITYINEMBEDDEDSYSTEMPROTOTYPEDEVELOPMENTITALSOENCOURAGESCONCURRENTDEVELOPMENTOFDIFFERENTPARTSOFSYSTEMHARDWAREASWELLASMODULEREUSINGTHERESTOFTHEPAPERISORGANIZEDASFOLLOWSINSECTION2,WEDISCUSSTHEDETAILSOFOURRAPIDPROTOTYPINGPLATFORMSECTION3SHOWSTHEEXPERIMENTALRESULTS,FOLLOWEDBYANOVERALLCONCLUSIONINSECTION4IITHEDESIGNOFARAPIDPROTOTYPINGPLATFORMAOVERVIEWARMBASEDEMBEDDEDPROCESSORSAREWILDLYUSEDINEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSDUETOTHEIRLOWCOST,LOWPOWERCONSUMPTIONANDHIGHPERFORMANCEANARMBASEDEMBEDDEDPROCESSORISAHIGHLYINTEGRATEDSOCINCLUDINGANARMCOREWITHAVARIETYOFDIFFERENTSYSTEMPERIPHERALS5MANYARMBASEDEMBEDDEDPROCESSORS,EG68,ADOPTASIMILARARCHITECTUREASTHEONESHOWNINFIG1THEINTEGRATEDMEMORYCONTROLLERPROVIDESANEXTERNALMEMORYBUSINTERFACESUPPORTINGVARIOUSMEMORYCHIPSANDVARIOUSOPERATIONMODESSYNCHRONOUS,ASYNCHRONOUS,BURSTMODESITISALSOPOSSIBLETOCONNECTBUSEXTENDEDPERIPHERALCHIPSTOTHEMEMORYBUSTHEONCHIPPERIPHERALSMAYINCLUDEINTERRUPTCONTROLLER,OSTIMER,UART,I2C,PWM,AC97,ANDETCSOMEOFTHESEPERIPHERALSSIGNALSAREMULTIPLEXEDWITHGENERALPURPOSEDIGITALI/OPINSTOPROVIDEFLEXIBILITYTOUSERWHILEOTHERONCHIP

簡(jiǎn)介：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（翻譯）題目VIRTUALARMPLATFORMFOREMBEDDEDSYSTEMDEVELOPERS指導(dǎo)教師職稱副教授學(xué)生姓名學(xué)號(hào)專業(yè)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)院（系）信息工程學(xué)院完成時(shí)間2009年5月20日2009年5月20日六部分是總結(jié)。2虛擬ARM平臺(tái)的需求21S/W嵌入式系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展眾所周知，在通用計(jì)算機(jī)平臺(tái)例如PC上開(kāi)發(fā)軟件與在嵌入式平臺(tái)上開(kāi)發(fā)軟件有很大的不同。因此，通用平臺(tái)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員在開(kāi)發(fā)嵌入式平臺(tái)軟件時(shí)，可能會(huì)遇到很多困難。因?yàn)椋度胧较到y(tǒng)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)需要將通用運(yùn)行程序燒錄到嵌入式平臺(tái)中，并檢查它的運(yùn)行。這就意味著當(dāng)通用軟件有相同的開(kāi)發(fā)和運(yùn)行環(huán)境不同PC之間時(shí)，軟件開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境以PC為例和嵌入式軟件運(yùn)行環(huán)境嵌入式目標(biāo)平臺(tái)不相同。圖1展示的是通常開(kāi)發(fā)和測(cè)試嵌入式系統(tǒng)軟件的步驟。圖1嵌入式系統(tǒng)軟件的開(kāi)發(fā)與PC軟件在每一步發(fā)展中僅僅需要PC不同，嵌入式軟件的發(fā)展需要在實(shí)際的嵌入式系統(tǒng)硬件上進(jìn)行。對(duì)于那些不熟悉嵌入式軟件環(huán)境的人來(lái)說(shuō)，在實(shí)際的硬件平臺(tái)上測(cè)試他們的軟件是一件很富有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作。他們需要全面了解嵌入式系統(tǒng)，并善于使用硬件和在硬件上燒錄程序。而且，如果他們不能負(fù)擔(dān)足夠的嵌入式系統(tǒng)通常價(jià)格昂貴，他們能在實(shí)際硬件上測(cè)試他們軟件的機(jī)會(huì)將變得極為有限。為了解決這一問(wèn)題，我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了能夠方便測(cè)試和調(diào)試基于ARM嵌入式系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)人員的虛擬ARM平臺(tái)。22虛擬ARM平臺(tái)的使用虛擬ARM平臺(tái)可以和實(shí)際ARM硬件平臺(tái)一樣地觀察嵌入式軟件運(yùn)行的結(jié)果。開(kāi)發(fā)人員可以寫程序代碼，在客戶機(jī)PC上通過(guò)虛擬ARM平臺(tái)證實(shí)他們的程序。因?yàn)樗齈C外不需要其他的硬件，在開(kāi)發(fā)程序時(shí)也不需要燒錄的階段。圖2展示的是在虛擬ARM平臺(tái)上開(kāi)發(fā)嵌入式系統(tǒng)程序的過(guò)程。

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文2460字畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯（原文）外文翻譯（原文）ANEMBEDDEDSINGLECHIPTEMPERATURECONTROLLERDESIGNJJAYAPANDIANANDUSHARANIRAVIDESIGNDEVELOPMENTAMIXEDARRAYLOGICCONSISTSOFANALOG,DIGITALANDDIGITALCOMMUNICATIONBLOCKSWITHININITTHEVIRTUALINSTRUMENTCONTROLPROGRAMWRITTENINLABVIEWVER71,AGRAPHICALLANGUAGE,PROVIDESUSERFRIENDLYMENUDRIVENWINDOWBASEDCONTROLPANEL,INTERACTSWITHTHESINGLEPSOCCHIPDESIGNFORSENSINGANDCONTROLLINGTHETEMPERATURETHISSIMPLECOSTEFFECTIVEEMBEDDEDDESIGNFINDSPOTENTIALAPPLICATIONINLABORATORYASWELLASININDUSTRIESTHISDEIGNCANALSOBEMADEASASTANDALONESYSTEMWITHOUTPCBYPROGRAMMINGLED/LCDDISPLAYANDKEYPADATTACHMENTMODULESINSAMEPSOCCHIP1INTRODUCTIONTHEADVENTOFINTELLIGENTPROGRAMMABLEEMBEDDEDSILICONDESIGNSPROVIDESTHEABILITYTOIMPLEMENTANYREQUIREDHARDWAREPROGRAMMATICALLYFORTHEDESIGNAUTOMATIONININDUSTRIESANDLABORATORIESRECENTTRENDINLABORATORYASWELLASININDUSTRIALAUTOMATIONDESIGNSUSESMINIMALHARDWAREANDMAXIMUMSUPPORTOFSOFTWARETHEPROGRAMMABLEEMBEDDEDCOMPONENTSANDAPPLICATIONSOFTWAREAVAILABLEINTHEMARKETENABLESTHEDESIGNERFORUSERFRIENDLYCOSTEFFECTIVEDESIGNSOLUTIONFORANYSYSTEMAUTOMATIONTEMPERATURECONTROLLERSAREPLAYINGVITALROLEININDUSTRIESANDLABORATORIESTOACCURATELYCONTROLPROCESSTEMPERATUREWITHOUTEXTENSIVEOPERATORINVOLVEMENT,ATEMPERATURECONTROLSYSTEMRELIESUPONACONTROLLER,WHICHACCEPTSATEMPERATURESENSORSUCHASATHERMOCOUPLEORRTDASINPUTITCOMPARESTHEACTUALTEMPERATURETOTHEDESIREDCONTROLTEMPERATURE,ORSETPOINT,ANDPROVIDESANOUTPUTTOACONTROLELEMENTTHECONTROLLERISONEOFTHEMAJORPARTSOFTHEENTIRECONTROLSYSTEM,ANDTHEWHOLESYSTEMSHOULDBEANALYZEDINSELECTINGTHEPROPERCONTROLLERTHISPAPERDESCRIBESANOVELSINGLECHIPTEMPERATURECONTROLLERDESIGNWITHCYPRESSMICROSYSTEMSPROGRAMMABLESYSTEMONCHIPPSOCVIRTUALINSTRUMENTCONTROLPROGRAMWRITTENINLABVIEWVER71INTERACTSWITHTHEEMBEDDEDPSOCDESIGNANDSENSESANDCONTROLSTHETEMPERATUREOFFURNACE/LOAD2PROGRAMMABLESYSTEMONCHIPPSOCWHILESANDINEXPENSIVEINTERFACETOSENSORS,ANDMORECYPRESS’SYSTEMCHIPPSOCARCHITECTUREOFFERSAFLEXIBLE,ECONOMICALSOLUTIONFORAWIDEVARIETYOFAPPLICATIONSTHISPAPERDESCRIBESTHEDESIGNOFATEMPERATURECONTROLLERONASINGLECY8C27143,8PINPSOCCHIPASSHOWNINFIG1,ITFEATURESFOURMAINAREASPSOCCORE,DIGITALSYSTEM,ANALOGSYSTEM,ANDRESOURCESINCLUDINGIN/OUTPORTSTHISARCHITECTUREALLOWSTHEUSERTOCREATECUSTOMIZEALPHERATZCONFIGURATIONSTHATMATCHTHEREQUIREMENTSOFEACHINDIVIDUALAPPLICATIONTHEUARTINTERFACE,COUPLEDWITHCONFIGURABLEANALOGANDDIGITALPERIPHERALSMAKESTHECY8C27143TRULYFORTHECONTROLANDDATAACQUISITIONOFPROCESSVARIABLESTHESEPROGRAMSAREEASYTOIMPLEMENTWITHGRAPHICLANGUAGESGLANGUAGETHE“G”LANGUAGEIMPLEMENTSTHEDATAFLOWTECHNIQUETHEUSAGEOF“G”LANGUAGEPROVIDESEASYINTERFACINGWITHPCSUNDERTHEWINDOWSENVIRONMENT2THE“G”LANGUAGEPROVIDESBUILTINFUNCTIONLIBRARIESFORAVARIETYOFAPPLICATIONREQUIREMENTSASGRAPHICPALETTES,WHICHINTURNSUPPORTSTHEREQUIREDDLLSFORTHEFUNCTIONSTORUNUNDERWINDOWSENVIRONMENTUSUALLYTHE“G”LANGUAGEVIPROGRAMSCONSISTOFTWOFRAMESVIZ,PANELDIAGRAMANDFUNCTIONALDIAGRAMINTHEPANELDIAGRAM,PROGRAMMERSCANASSIGNVARIOUSCONTROLSANDINDICATORSIE,INPUTANDOUTPUTVARIABLESTHEIRREQUIREMENTSANDINTHEFUNCTIONALDIAGRAM,THEDESIGNERSCANIMPLEMENTTHEREQUIREDFIG2PSOCDESIGNERSCREENFORSINGLECHIPTEMPERATURECONTROLLERFUNCTIONSAVAILABLEASAFUNCTIONLIBRARYINLABNATIONALINSTRUMENTSVERSION71INCORPORATESALLTHENECESSARYFUNCTIONSAS‘ICONS’INITSPACKAGE4PSOCSINGLECHIPTEMPERATURECONTROLLERDESIGNFIG2SHOWSTHEPSOCDESIGNERSCREENFORTHEEMBEDDEDSINGLECHIPTEMPERATURECONTROLLERDESIGNPROJECT1LEFTSIDEOFTHESCREENSHOWSTHESETTINGSOFGLOBALRESOURCEANDUSERMODULEPARAMETERSALONGWITHPINCONNECTIVITYMIDDLEPORTIONOFTHESCREENSHOWSTHEANALOGANDDIGITALBLOCKSUSERMODULEPLACEMENTTOPPORTIONOFTHESCREENSHOWSTHESELECTEDUSERMODULESFORTHISPROJECTRIGHTSIDEOFTHESCREENDESCRIBESTHEPINCONNECTIVITYCONFIGUREDINTHEDESIGNINTHISNOVELSINGLECHIPDESIGN,THERMOCOUPLETCSIGNALHASBEENAMPLIFIEDBYAPROGRAMMABLEGAINAMPLIFIERPGAPLACEDINTHEPSOC’SANALOGBLOCKTHEAMPLIFIEDTCSIGNALHASBEENFEDINTOA12BITANALOGTODIGITALADCUSERMODULEPROGRAMMEDINTHEPSOCCHIP,WHICHINCLUDESBOTHANALOGANDDIGITALBLOCKSFORITSFUNCTIONALITYBYPSOCDESIGNERPROGRAMMINGTHECONVERTEDDIGITALDATAOFTHETCSIGNALHASBEENFEDTOTHEUARTUSERMODULEFORSERIALCOMMUNICATIONWITHPERSONALCOMPUTERTHEUARTUSERMODULEPLACEDINTHECHIP,AUTOMATICALLYGETSPLACEDINTWODIGITALBLOCKSOFPSOCCHIP,TRANSMITTERTXDANDRECEIVERRXDFORPCSSERIALCOMMUNICATIONAPULSEWIDTHMODULATORPWM,PLACEDINTHEPSOCDIGITALBLOCK,SETSASERIALPULSEWIDTHMODULATEDTTLPULSESINRESPONSETOTHEPIDCONTROLFUNCTIONFORTHEDEVIATIONINSETANDMEASUREDTEMPERATURETHISWILLINTURNCONTROLSTHEOPTICALLYCOUPLEDSOLIDSTATERELAYSSR

簡(jiǎn)介：3中文11350字出處MICROPROCESSORSANDMICROSYSTEMS,2012,363215231外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯一種可重構(gòu)的嵌入式彩色圖像分割處理軟件系統(tǒng)CHRYSOSG,DOLLASA,BOURBAKISN摘要摘要圖像分割是圖像分析和計(jì)算機(jī)視覺(jué)第一重要和最困難的步驟之一，它也被認(rèn)為是機(jī)器視覺(jué)中最古老的問(wèn)題之一。最近，幾個(gè)分割算法已經(jīng)迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)，包括制定閾值，邊緣定位和區(qū)域增長(zhǎng)，這些為更快的圖像/視頻分析和識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展提供了很好的機(jī)會(huì)。此外，模糊分割算法本質(zhì)上有助于區(qū)域的合成，更好地顯示物體。這些算法有著細(xì)微的差別，但是都還不錯(cuò)。因此，算法的選擇是基于主觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，或者基于應(yīng)用程序本身。在這里，我們針對(duì)模糊推理分割（FRS）提出一種低成本的嵌入式可重構(gòu)體系結(jié)構(gòu)。FRS有三個(gè)階段（平滑，邊緣檢測(cè)和實(shí)際分割）。初始的平滑操作是為了去除噪點(diǎn)，平滑和邊緣檢測(cè)算法也包括在這個(gè)程序步驟中。分割算法利用了邊緣信息和平滑后的圖像，用來(lái)找到圖像中的區(qū)域。在這項(xiàng)工作中FRS分割算法被選擇是依賴于它在一些列應(yīng)用中展現(xiàn)的可靠性能。（面部檢測(cè)，運(yùn)動(dòng)檢測(cè)，自動(dòng)目標(biāo)識(shí)別（ATR）），并且它開(kāi)發(fā)成本低，有著可重構(gòu)的計(jì)算平臺(tái)，旨在低成本的應(yīng)用。特別要提的是，本文提出的實(shí)現(xiàn)平滑，邊緣檢測(cè)和顏色的分割算法，使用STRETCHS5000處理器，并且通過(guò)使用MATLAB軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)，最后對(duì)它們進(jìn)行對(duì)比。在本文中，這種新的體系結(jié)構(gòu)和替代技術(shù)、基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試和比較結(jié)果，都進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。這是第一次我們看到了同時(shí)具有高吞吐量，出色的性能（至少在基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試中）和低成本的實(shí)現(xiàn)。關(guān)鍵字關(guān)鍵字可重構(gòu)，圖像分割，可嵌入式系統(tǒng)，架構(gòu)5的有序性。通常情況下，各區(qū)域產(chǎn)生的順序取決于這些區(qū)域的增長(zhǎng)和合并的順序。12顏色分割架構(gòu)顏色分割架構(gòu)文獻(xiàn)中報(bào)道了許多不同的顏色分割的方法。其中一個(gè)重要的方法是雙色反射模型發(fā)展而來(lái)的。它描述了顏色的反射光的表面反射（亮點(diǎn)）和物體的反射（物體顏色）的線性組合。使用這種模式，區(qū)域增長(zhǎng)和合并法顯示出了令人印象深刻的結(jié)果。在該方法中，一個(gè)物體上高亮度的區(qū)域和無(wú)光澤的區(qū)域合并了。然而，使用不恰當(dāng)?shù)拈撝禃?huì)使它的性能退化。有一些分割方法，它們不在RGB空間里分割彩色圖像，因?yàn)樗鼈兒蜕实睦斫饽Ｐ筒磺泻稀Ｏ喾吹?，它們選擇其他的顏色空間，比如HIS或者YUV，這些都比RGB色彩空間顯示出了更好的效果。這些圖像分割過(guò)程融合了邊緣檢測(cè)方法來(lái)產(chǎn)生更好的結(jié)果?；诮仆评砘蚰：评淼姆指町a(chǎn)生了可喜的成果。HUNTSBERGER定義顏色的邊緣為每個(gè)像素成員函數(shù)值的差異為零。通過(guò)使用了C迭代分割算法得到了模糊算法成員函數(shù)值，盡管C迭代算法由于本身性質(zhì)來(lái)說(shuō)是耗時(shí)的。LIM提出了一種自動(dòng)化的從粗到細(xì)的分割方法。這種方法基于閾值直方圖和C迭代算法。LAMBERT和CARRON提出了一個(gè)有趣的方法，結(jié)合色彩空間（根據(jù)相關(guān)色度處理和明確色相的界

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文3387字畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目翻譯題目翻譯題目FPGABASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGN基于基于FPGA的嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院自動(dòng)化自動(dòng)化專業(yè)電氣工程與自動(dòng)化電氣工程與自動(dòng)化姓名班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師統(tǒng)的成本控制和安全系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)件好事。?實(shí)時(shí)業(yè)務(wù)特性。許多嵌入式系統(tǒng)必須不斷變化的反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算環(huán)境和一定的成果，必須實(shí)時(shí)，不能有延時(shí)。高性能實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)（RTOS）是嵌入式系統(tǒng)的基本的和重要的要求。B嵌入式系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件在嵌入式硬件，其核心部分是嵌入式微處理器。目前，在世界上有超過(guò)千種嵌入式處理器和超過(guò)30多個(gè)流行的架構(gòu)，其中英特爾公司的MCS8051占了絕大多數(shù)。近年來(lái)，小批量，高性能與低功耗成為了嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的考慮的主導(dǎo)因素。專業(yè)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)（IP）核心供應(yīng)商如ARM，MIPS。是提供高品質(zhì)的嵌入式核心的半導(dǎo)體制造商，其中各種不同設(shè)備上的適用于各種領(lǐng)域的芯片被廣泛生產(chǎn)。比如說(shuō)，ARM7，ARM9，和ARM11這些16/32位的精簡(jiǎn)指令級(jí)處理器2ARM公司在手機(jī)和PDA以及擁有全球第三方合作伙伴的多媒體音頻/視頻設(shè)備中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。它事實(shí)上已經(jīng)成為了一種工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。MIPS公司，是另一個(gè)提供高質(zhì)量32/64位嵌入式處理器的廠商，IBM的POWERPC系列同時(shí)擁有通用處理器和嵌入式控制器，并擁有廣泛的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，從高端工作站，服務(wù)器與臺(tái)式計(jì)算機(jī)，和來(lái)自消費(fèi)者水平的大型電子通訊設(shè)備。其他流行的微處理器包括英特爾的X86，摩托羅拉的冷火等。嵌入式系統(tǒng)的軟件主要由操作系統(tǒng)及應(yīng)用軟件組成。嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)的硬件接口和應(yīng)用程序有效地組織資源。其主要任務(wù)包括管理程序，通信和同步的程序，內(nèi)存管理和I/O處理。從上世紀(jì)80年代開(kāi)始，一些國(guó)際科技組織和公司就開(kāi)始著力于研發(fā)商業(yè)的和專門的嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)。出自風(fēng)河3公司的VXWORKS系統(tǒng)式目前使用最廣泛的嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)。其良好的可靠性和出色的實(shí)時(shí)功能可滿足通信，軍事，航空航天等領(lǐng)域，例如導(dǎo)彈和火星探索探測(cè)器。WINCE是由MICROSOFT開(kāi)發(fā)的多任務(wù)，多優(yōu)先級(jí)的操作系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)。其內(nèi)核的基本規(guī)模至少有200KB。但是他的缺點(diǎn)是實(shí)時(shí)性不夠好。3COM公司的PALM操作系統(tǒng)在PDA市場(chǎng)占據(jù)著非常大的份額。它支持開(kāi)放源碼的API，使開(kāi)發(fā)人員可以探索新的附加應(yīng)用程序。嵌入式LINUX系統(tǒng)，如RTLINUX，ΜCLINUX，ΜC/OSII，是近年來(lái)蓬勃發(fā)展的完全開(kāi)放源碼的嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)，他們小巧，容易裁剪和定制，成本低，和眾多的軟件支持。3基于基于FPGA的嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)FPGA技術(shù)已經(jīng)從可編程邏輯器件像包括PAL，GAL器件和可編程邏輯器件中發(fā)展起來(lái)。一個(gè)FPGA一系列相互關(guān)聯(lián)的可編程邏輯塊的可編程路由資源組成。具有可編程性和可配置性的FPGA允許它應(yīng)用于各種數(shù)字的小型有限狀態(tài)機(jī)到大型的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)。作為特定應(yīng)用集成電路（ASIC）的替代品，快速的上市時(shí)間和較低的非重復(fù)性工程費(fèi)用成本促成了它驚人的發(fā)展速度。XILINX4和ALTERA5是主要的全球

簡(jiǎn)介：點(diǎn)擊查看更多外文翻譯--基于嵌入式控制的太陽(yáng)能跟蹤器的設(shè)計(jì)制造與性能測(cè)設(shè) 英文版精彩內(nèi)容。

簡(jiǎn)介：本文是中英雙語(yǔ)對(duì)照畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯，下載之后無(wú)需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式直接可用一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題ASMARTDRIVERMONITORINGSYSTEMUSINGANDROIDAPPLICATIONANDEMBEDDEDSYSTEM外文作者M(jìn)OHAMMEDHAYYANALSIBAI，HOONMINSIANG文獻(xiàn)出處2019IEEEINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONCONTROLSYSTEM,COMPUTINGANDENGINEERINGICCSCE如覺(jué)得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文3267單詞，19982字符字符就是印刷符，中文5211漢字。（如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。）ASMARTDRIVERMONITORINGSYSTEMUSINGANDROIDAPPLICATIONANDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMABSTRACTTHISPAPERPROPOSESANEWINTEGRATEDDRIVERMONITORINGSYSTEMTHESYSTEMISCOMBININGASMARTPHONEAPPANDANEMBEDDEDCONTROLLERTOBUILDASMARTCONTROLLINGANDMONITORINGSYSTEMNOWADAYSSMARTPHONESAREEQUIPPEDWITHMANYUSEFULBUILTINSENSORSMOREOVER,EMBEDDEDCONTROLLERSAREABLETOBECONNECTEDTOVARIOUSANALOGUEANDDIGITALSENSORSINTHEPROPOSEDSYSTEMABLUETOOTHMODULEISUSEDTOEXCHANGEDATABETWEENTHESMARTPHONE,THEEMBEDDEDCONTROLLERANDTHEBUILTINANDEXTERNALSENSORSTHESYSTEMISACOMPREHENSIVEMONITORINGDEVICEFOREMPLOYEEDRIVERPERFORMANCEMOREOVER,ITGUARANTEESFULLPRIVACYPROTECTIONTHESYSTEMWASTESTEDINREALMODESINDEXTERMSSMARTPHONE,ANDROID,BLUETOOTH,EMBEDDEDSYSTEMSIINTRODUCTIONEMPLOYEEMONITORINGSYSTEMSAREINCREASINGLYUSEDBYMANYCOMPANIESNOWADAYSTHEPLATFORMAPPLICATIONSINCLUDEROBOTOPERATING8910,HOMEAPPLIANCESREMOTECONTROLLING111213,SECURITY14,SAFETY15ANDINDUSTRIALSYSTEMS16IN17,AUTHORSPROPOSEAMONITORINGSYSTEMWHICHALLOWSMANAGERSTOWATCHANDINTERRUPTALLINCOMINGANDOUTGOINGCALLS,TEXTSANDMULTIMEDIAMESSAGESMANAGERSCANALSOMONITORTHEIREMPLOYEES’LOCATIONANDACCESSAHISTORYOFWHERETHEYHAVEBEENMOREOVER,MANAGERSRECEIVESMSALERTSIFTHEEMPLOYEEISGOINGOUTSIDEANAPPROVEDGEOGRAPHICALZONEORIFHE/SHEISRECEIVINGTEXTSORCALLSFROMUNAPPROVEDNUMBERSTHESYSTEMISNOTPROVIDINGANYPRIVACYPROTECTIONASMANAGERSCANVIEWTHEENTIRECALLHISTORYOFTHECORRESPONDINGEMPLOYEEWITHTHEHELPOFTHECLOUDSERVICEMOREOVER,ALTHOUGHTHEMANAGERSCANTRACKTHEPOSITIONOFTHEEMPLOYEEATANYTIME,THEYCANNOTHAVEANYIDEAONTHEWORKPERFORMANCETHISSYSTEMDOESNOTUSEANYCONTROLLERTHEONLYPROCESSINGUNITINTHISSYSTEMISTHESMARTPHONEITSELFTHISMAYLEADTOHIGHRESOURCECONSUMPTIONTHESTRUCTUREOFMOSTOFTHEABOVESYSTEMSCONSISTSOFASMARTPHONEWHICHCOMMUNICATEWITHACONTROLLERTHECONTROLLERISUSUALLYCONNECTEDTOVARIOUSINPUTANDOUTPUTDEVICESLIKESENSORS,MOTORS,LIQUIDCRYSTALDISPLAYSLCD,LIGHTEMITTINGDIODESLEDANDALARMDEVICESDIFFERENTTECHNOLOGIESAREUSEDFORCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENASMARTPHONEANDACONTROLLERFOREXAMPLE,BLUETOOTHOVERIEEE802151ISUSEDIN89111315,WIFIOVERIEEE80211ISUSEDIN10,ZIGBEEOVERIEEE802154ISUSEDIN12ANDGSMISUSEDIN14BLUETOOTHISTHEMOSTUSEDTECHNOLOGYFORTHEONEPLACEAPPLICATIONSASWECANSEEEACHCOMMUNICATIONTECHNOLOGYHASITSSTRENGTHSANDWEAKNESSESONDIFFERENTPOINTSOFVIEW18WIFIGIVESAHIGHERDATARATECOMPAREDTOBLUETOOTHANDZIGBEEBUTONTHEOTHERHAND,WIFIISCONSIDEREDPOWERINTENSIVEBLUETOOTHISINTENDEDTOSUPPORTWIRELESSPERSONALAREANETWORKPANAPPLICATIONSITPROVIDESSHORTERPROPAGATIONRANGEBETWEEN1AND100MANDSOINGENERALHAVELOWERPOWERCONSUMPTIONZIGBEEISCONSIDEREDASLOWPOWERTECHNOLOGYANDITHASAFAIRLYLONGRANGE,BUTMUCHLOWERDATARATEBOTHBLUETOOTHANDZIGBEEAREINTENDEDFORPRODUCTSWITHLIMITEDBATTERYPOWER,BUTBLUETOOTHOPERATESBESTWITHINONEROOMONLY,ANDZIGBEEOPERATESWELLACROSSMULTIPLEROOMSBLUETOOTHISALSOVERYSECUREITHASGOVERNMENTGRADEENCRYPTIONBAKEDINTOIT,THEREFOREITISNOTEASYTOHACK18ITALSOHASHIGHERDATABANDWIDTHTHANZIGBEETHOUGHLOWERTHANWIFITHISMAKESBLUETOOTHAGOODCHOICEFORTHEPROPOSEDSYSTEMBECAUSEOFITSENERGYSAVING,DATABANDWIDTHANDSECURITYFEATURES

簡(jiǎn)介：9781424417247/08/2500?2008IEEEICALIP2008586VIRTUALARMPLATFORMFOREMBEDDEDSYSTEMDEVELOPERSALEXHEUNHEHAN,YOUNGSIHWANG,YOUNGHOAN,SOJINLEE,KISEOKCHUNGDEPTOFELECTRONICSANDCOMPUTERCOMMUNICATIONSENGINEERING,HANYANGUNIVERSITYALEXHANHANYANGACKRABSTRACTMOREANDMOREEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDEVELOPERSANDSYSTEMONCHIPDESIGNERSREPLYONMICROPROCESSORBASEDDESIGNMETHODOLOGYTOREDUCETIMETOMARKETARMPROCESSORHASBEENAMAJORPLAYERINEMBEDDEDSYSTEMINDUSTRYOVERTHELAST10YEARSHOWEVER,THEREAREMANYRESTRICTIONSONDEVELOPINGEMBEDDEDSOFTWAREUSINGARMPROCESSORINTHEEARLYDESIGNSTAGEFORTHOSEWHOARENOTFAMILIARWITHEMBEDDEDSOFTWAREEQUIPMENT,TESTINGTHEIRSOFTWAREONAREALARMHARDWAREPLATFORMISACHALLENGINGJOBTOOVERCOMESUCHAPROBLEM,WEHAVEDESIGNEDVIRTUALARMPLATFORM,WHICHOFFERSEASIERTESTINGANDDEBUGGINGENVIRONMENTTOARMBASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDEVELOPERSMAJORBENEFITSTHATCANBEACHIEVEDBYUTILIZINGAVIRTUALARMPLATFORMARE1REDUCINGDEVELOPMENTCOST,2LOWERINGTHEENTRANCEBARRIERFOREMBEDDEDSYSTEMNOVICES,AND3MAKINGITEASIERTOTESTANDDEBUGEMBEDDEDSOFTWAREDESIGNSUNLIKEMANYOTHERPURELYSOFTWAREORIENTEDARMSIMULATORSWHICHAREINDEPENDENTOFREALHARDWAREPLATFORMS,OURPROPOSEDVIRTUALARMPLATFORMISSPECIFICALLYTARGETEDONSYSLAB5000ARMHARDWAREPLATFORM,DESIGNEDBYLIBERTRON,INC,WHICHMEANSTHATVIRTUALARMPLATFORMIMITATESBEHAVIORSOFEMBEDDEDSOFTWAREASIFTHESOFTWAREISRUNNINGONTHETARGETEMBEDDEDHARDWAREASCLOSELYASPOSSIBLETHISPAPERSHOWSHOWVIRTUALARMPLATFORMISDESIGNEDANDHOWITCANBEUSEDTOREDUCEDESIGNTIMEANDCOST1INTRODUCTIONANEMBEDDEDSYSTEMISASPECIALPURPOSECOMPUTERSYSTEMDESIGNEDTOPERFORMASMALLSETOFDEDICATEDFUNCTIONS,SOMETIMESWITHREALTIMECOMPUTINGCONSTRAINTSITISUSUALLYEMBEDDEDASPARTOFACOMPLETEDEVICEWHICHINCLUDESHARDWAREANDMECHANICALPARTSEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSSPANALLASPECTSOFMODERNLIFEANDEXAMPLESOFTHEIRUSEARENUMEROUSNOTONLYCONSUMERELECTRONICSINCLUDINGPERSONALDIGITALASSISTANTSPDAS,MP3PLAYERS,MOBILEPHONESBUTALSOTELECOMMUNICATIONSSYSTEMS,TRANSPORTATIONSYSTEMS,ANDMEDICALEQUIPMENTSEMPLOYNUMEROUSEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSSUCHASMOBILENETWORKSYSTEM,ANTILOCKBREAKINGSYSTEMABS,GPS,ELECTRONICSTETHOSCOPE1ONEOFTHEMOSTIMPORTANTHARDWARECOMPONENTSOFANEMBEDDEDSYSTEMISMICROPROCESSORMICROPROCESSORHASPLAYEDAMAINROLEINDEVELOPMENTOFITINDUSTRY,ESPECIALLYINPOPULARIZATIONOFPERSONALCOMPUTERPCANDINTERNETEACHMICROPROCESSORHASITSOWNCHARACTERISTICSASITISUSEDINVARIOUSCATEGORIES2ASERIESOFARMPROCESSORSHAVERISCTYPEARCHITECTURES,ANDTHEYHAVEBEENWIDELYUSEDINANUMBEROFEMBEDDEDDESIGNSBECAUSEOFNOTONLYTHEIRHIGHPERFORMANCEANDLOWCOSTBUTALSOPOWERSAVINGFEATURES,ARMVARIANTSAREDOMINANTINALLCORNERSOFCONSUMERELECTRONICS,FROMPORTABLEDEVICESPDAS,MOBILEPHONES,MEDIAPLAYERS,HANDHELDGAMINGUNITS,ANDCALCULATORSTOCOMPUTERPERIPHERALSHARDDRIVES,DESKTOPROUTERSVIRTUALARMPLATFORM,WHICHWEAREGOINGTOPROPOSEINTHISPAPER,ISANARMSIMULATORDESIGNEDCONSIDERINGTARGETHARDWAREINCONTRASTTOOTHERVIRTUALARMMACHINESTHATHAVEBEENDESIGNEDONLYINSOFTWAREMODEL,OURVIRTUALARMPLATFORMENABLESMOSTSIMILAROPERATIONSTOTARGETEMBEDDEDSYSTEMBY“SIMILAROPERATIONS”,WEMEANTHATOURVIRTUALARMPLATFORMALLOWSEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDEVELOPERSTODEVELOPANDTESTTHEIREMBEDDEDAPPLICATIONASIFTHEYDOONAREALH/WPLATFORMTOIMPLEMENTATARGETSPECIFICVIRTUALARMPLATFORM,WEHAVECHOSENSYSLAB5000ARMHARDWAREPLATFORM,DESIGNEDBYLIBERTRON,INC,ASOURTARGETH/WPLATFORMSINCEATARGETSPECIFICVIRTUALPLATFORMALLOWSTHETARGETPLATFORMSPECIFICDETAILSTOBETESTEDWITHOUTTHEREALTARGETPLATFORM,DESIGNTIMEANDCOSTCANBEGREATLYREDUCEDESPECIALLY,FOREDUCATIONALINSTITUTIONSWHEREASUFFICIENTNUMBEROFEMBEDDEDEQUIPMENTSARENOTDEPLOYED,THISTYPEOFTARGETSPECIFICVIRTUALPLATFORMWILLBEGREATLYHELPFULTOTEACHSTUDENTSHOWTODESIGNATARGETSPECIFICEMBEDDEDSYSTEMWHILEMINIMALLYREQUIRINGTHETIMETOUSETHEREALHARDWAREOURVIRTUALARMPLATFORMIMPLEMENTATIONISBASEDONARMAUTHORIZEDLICENSEDUSELIMITEDTOZHENGZHOUUNIVERSITYDOWNLOADEDONFEBRUARY25,2009AT0515FROMIEEEXPLORERESTRICTIONSAPPLY588FIGURE3EXECUTIONOFFIRMWARELEVELCODEINSIMITARMANDH/WARMPLATFORM3RELATEDWORKRECENTLY,MANYDIFFERENTAPPROACHESHAVESTUDIEDVIRTUALTOOLFORVERIFICATIONOFEMBEDDEDSOFTWAREINHOSTPCINTHISSECTION,WEBRIEFLYSUMMARIZESOMEOFTHEMASONEOFTHEMOSTWELLKNOWNSIMULATORSFORARM,ARMULATOR5CANBEUSEDTOPROVIDEVIRTUALPROTOTYPINGENVIRONMENTFOREMBEDDEDSYSTEMDEVELOPMENTBYVIRTUALLYIMPLEMENTINGHARDWAREIPANDPORTINGANOSSUCHASΜC/OSII6ONARMULATOR,ITISPOSSIBLETOCARRYOUTSIMULATIONWITHOUTH/WPLATFORMSIMITARM3ISANINSTRUCTIONSETSIMULATORTHATRUNSBOTHSYSTEMLEVELANDUSERLEVELARMPROGRAMSALSO,SIMITARMSUPPORTSTWOPOPULARSIMULATIONSTYLESINTERPRETATIONANDDYNAMICCOMPILEDSIMULATIONBUTASSHOWNINFIGURE3,SIMITARMCANNOTBUILDFIRMWARELEVELEXECUTABLEPROGRAMWITHOUTLINKINGI/OCONTROLCODESWITHCRUNTIMELIBRARYCRT,WHILEHARDWAREPLATFORMLINKSI/OCONTROLCODESWITHITSSTARTUPCODESINCEINITIALIZATIONCODESAREDIFFERENTFOREACHTARGETPLATFORM,DEVELOPERSCAN’TUSETHESAMEEXECUTABLEPROGRAMINAVIRTUALTOOLANDATARGETH/WARMPLATFORMALLTHESEAPPROACHESHAVETRIEDTOOFFERDEVELOPERSTOWRITEASOURCECODE,BUILDANEXECUTABLEPROGRAM,ANDEXECUTEITINTHEHOSTPCBUTUNFORTUNATELY,THESETOOLSCANONLYSIMULATETHEEXECUTABLEFILEFORASPECIFICTARGETMICROPROCESSORSINCEITCANNOTSIMULATETHEEXECUTIONFORTHEWHOLETARGETHARDWAREPLATFORM,THECONTROLOFPERIPHERALDEVICESISIMPOSSIBLE,WHILEIMPOSINGCONSIDERABLELIMITSINCODESIMULATIONSFIGURE4VIRTUALARMPLATFORMOFFERINGCONTROLFORPERIPHERALDEVICES4IMPLEMENTATIONOFVIRTUALARMPLATFORMWEPROPOSEVIRTUALARMPLATFORMTOOFFEREXTENDEDCONTROLFORPERIPHERALDEVICESWHICHCONVENTIONALARMSIMULATORSCANNOTOFFERBYADDINGCONTROLCODESFORPERIPHERALDEVICESTOEXISTINGARMSIMULATORSSUCHASSIMITARMORSIMPLESCALAR,VIRTUALARMPLATFORMCANCONTROLPERIPHERALDEVICESSUCHASLED,7SEGMENT,STEPMOTOR,ETCFIGURE4SHOWSTHEPROCEDUREOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDEVELOPMENTUSINGVIRTUALARMPLATFORMTHATOFFERS“TARGETLIKE”CONTROLFORPERIPHERALDEVICESVIRTUALARMPLATFORMCONSISTSOFVIRTUALARMSIMULATOR,GRAPHICUSERINTERFACE,INPUTEVENTHANDLER,TIMER,ANDI/ODEVICEMODELSASFIGURE5SHOWS,WHENVIRTUALARMPLATFORMISSTARTED,ITINITIALIZESGRAPHICUSERINTERFACEENVIRONMENTANDDISPLAYSTHEMAINGUIWINDOWONSCREENTHENVIRTUALARMSIMULATORISEXECUTED,PROCESSINGTHEINSTRUCTIONSINTHEEXECUTABLEFILEANDSENDINGTHERESULTSTOVIRTUALARMPLATFORMWHENVIRTUALARMPLATFORMGETSTHESIMULATIONRESULTSFROMVIRTUALARMSIMULATOR,ITUPDATESITSGUIINCOOPERATIONWITHTHEEXECUTIONREPORTFROMVIRTUALARMSIMULATORWHENINPUTEVENTHANDLERDETECTSANYINPUTEVENTS,ITANALYZESTHEEVENTANDTERMINATESTHEPROGRAMIFTHEEVENTISTHETERMINATIONEVENTIFTHEEVENTISNOTTHETERMINATIONEVENT,THEHANDLERSENDSTHEPROCESSEDINPUTEVENTTOVIRTUALARMSIMULATOR,WHICHSIMULATESTHEINSTRUCTIONSWITHTHETRANSFERREDINPUTDATAAUTHORIZEDLICENSEDUSELIMITEDTOZHENGZHOUUNIVERSITYDOWNLOADEDONFEBRUARY25,2009AT0515FROMIEEEXPLORERESTRICTIONSAPPLY

簡(jiǎn)介：FPGABASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNFUMINGSUN1XIAOYINGLI2QINWANG1CHUNLINTANG31SCHOOLOFINFORMATIONENGINEERING,UNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY,BEIJING,CHINA2CADENCEBEIJINGRDCENTER3COLLEGEOFELECTRONICENGINEERING,UNIVERSITYOFELECTRONICSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYOFCHINA,CHENGDU,CHINAEMAILSUNFUMING_BJ163COM,LIXYCADENCECOM,WANGQINIESUSTBEDUCN,TANGCHUNLINUESTCEDUCNABSTRACTSINCETHELATESTICTECHNOLOGYSUPPORTSTHEINTEGRATIONOFSOFTORHARDCPUCORESWITHDEDICATEDLOGICONASINGLESILICONCHIP,ITLEADSFPGAINTOEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNANDAROUSESTHEINNOVATIONOFDESIGNMETHODOLOGYINTHISPAPER,AGENERALINTRODUCTIONOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMANDTHEFPGABASEDSOPCDEVELOPMENTAREDISCUSSEDTHEFPGABASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMCANCONTAINMICROPROCESSORIPCORESANDSUPPORTEMBEDDEDOPERATINGSYSTEMTHEMIXEDDESIGNFLOWISILLUSTRATEDANDADATATRANSMITTING/RECEIVINGCONVERTERBETWEENSERIALPORTANDNETWORKINTERFACEISTAKENASADESIGNEXAMPLEIINTRODUCTIONEMBEDDEDSYSTEMOFTENREFERSTOTHENONPCSYSTEMSWHICHCOMBINESHARDWAREANDSOFTWAREDESIGNINGENERAL,ITCONSISTSOFEMBEDDEDMICROPROCESSOR8BIT,16BIT,OR32BIT,STORAGEANDPERIPHERALS,EMBEDDEDOPERATINGSYSTEMREALTIMEANDMULTITASKANDAPPLICATIONSEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSCANBEFOUNDEVERYWHERE–CONSUMERELECTRONICS,HOMEAPPLIANCES,BUSINESSEQUIPMENTS,AUTOMOBILES,ETCTHEDESIGNISBASEDONCOMPUTERTECHNOLOGYBUTFOCUSESONSPECIFICAPPLICATIONINSTEADOFGENERALPROCESSINGASCPUSBOTHITSHARDWAREANDSOFTWAREARESCALABLEANDCANBETAILOREDFORTHEREQUIREMENTOFFUNCTIONALITY,RELIABILITY,COST,VOLUME,ANDPOWERCONSUMPTIONSINCETHEPROGRAMMABLELOGICHASACHIEVEDALEVELOFINTEGRATIONSUFFICIENTTOINCORPORATETHEENTIRESYSTEMORSEVERALSYSTEMSINTOASINGLESILICONCHIP,THETRENDTOWARDSSYSTEMONAPROGRAMMABLECHIPSOPCDESIGNISCHANGINGTHEEVOLVEMENTOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSTHEMERGEOFFIELDPROGRAMMABLEGATEARRAYFPGATECHNOLOGYANDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNHAVEGREATINFLUENCEONTHETRADITIONALDESIGNMETHODOLOGYMORECONCERNSAREPUTONHARDWAREANDSOFTWAREPARTITIONING,CODESIGNANDCOVERIFICATION,SYSTEMINTEGRATION,IPREUSE,ETCINTHISPAPER,ANOVERVIEWOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMISINTRODUCEDINCLUDINGITSMAINFEATURES,EMBEDDEDPROCESSORS,ANDOPERATINGSYSTEMSINSECTION2INSECTION3,THEHARDWAREANDSOFTWARECODESIGNFLOWANDTHEFPGABASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNFLOWAREILLUSTRATEDADATAT/RCONVERTEREXAMPLEISGIVENCORRESPONDINGLYFINALLY,SOMEDISCUSSIONSAREPROPOSEDINTHESECTION4IIOVERVIEWOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSAMAINFEATURESOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSHAVESOMECOMMONCHARACTERISTICSTHATDISTINGUISHFROMOTHERCOMPUTINGSYSTEMS1SMALLSYSTEMKERNELMOSTEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSHAVETIGHTCONSTRAINTSONDESIGNMETRICSSYSTEMRESOURCESARERELATIVELYSOLIMITEDTHATTHESYSTEMKERNELISMUCHSMALLERTHANTHETRADITIONALOPERATIONSYSTEMSOSFOREXAMPLE,THESIZEOFOSEDISTRIBUTINGSYSTEMFROMENEACORPISONLY5KBSPECIFICFUNCTIONEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSAREFORSPECIFICAPPLICATIONSITDOESNOTREQUIREMORECOMPLICATEDFUNCTIONALITYBEYONDSYSTEMSPECIFICATIONINCONTRAST,ADESKTOPSYSTEMEXECUTESAVARIETYOFPROGRAMSFORGENERALPROCESSINGITISGOODFOREMBEDDEDSYSTEMSTOCONTROLBOTHTHECOSTANDSECURITYOFTHESYSTEMREALTIMEOPERATIONSMANYEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSMUSTCONTINUALLYREACTTOCHANGESINTHESYSTEM’SENVIRONMENTANDMUSTCOMPUTECERTAINRESULTSINREALTIMEWITHOUTDELAYHIGHPERFORMANCEREALTIMEOPERATINGSYSTEMRTOSISABASICANDIMPORTANTREQUIREMENTOFMOSTEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSBHARDWAREANDSOFTWAREOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSINTERMSOFEMBEDDEDHARDWARE,ITSCORECOMPONENTISTHEEMBEDDEDMICROPROCESSORATPRESENT,THEREAREOVER1,000KINDSOFEMBEDDEDPROCESSORSINTHEWORLDANDTHEPOPULARARCHITECTURESAREMORETHANTHIRTY,INWHICHINTELMCS8051ISEVERTHEOVERWHELMINGMAJORITYINRECENTYEARS,SMALLVOLUME,HIGHPERFORMANCEANDLOWPOWERCONSUMPTIONBECOMEDOMINANTFACTORSOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNCONSIDERATIONSPROFESSIONALINTELLECTUALPROPERTYIPCOREPROVIDERSLIKEARM,MIPSCORPSOFFERHIGHQUALITYEMBEDDEDCORESTOTHESEMICONDUCTORMANUFACTURES,BYWHICHALLKINDSOFCHIPSONDIFFERENTDEVICESAPPLIEDTODIVERSEAREASAREWIDELYPRODUCED7339781424423422/08/2500?2008IEEEHIGHDENSITYANDFASTERCLOCKSPEEDMAKEFPGAWELLCOMBINEDWITHTHEEMBEDDEDSYSTEMAHARDWARE/SOFTWARECODESIGNFLOWTHEMERGEOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMANDFPGADESIGNCHANGESTHETRADITIONALDESIGNFLOWANDEMPHASIZESONTHEHARDWARE/SOFTWARECODESIGNASSHOWNINFIG2,BASEDONTHESYSTEMSPECIFICATION,DESIGNERSCANUSETHEFINITESTATEMACHINEFSM,ORCSPTOHAVEANABSTRACTDESCRIPTIONATTHESYSTEMLEVELHOWTOPARTITIONTHEDESIGNINTOTHEFUNCTIONALITYTHATISREPRESENTEDBYTHEHARDWAREANDSOFTWAREISAKEYPARTOFCREATINGANEMBEDDEDSYSTEMTHEPARTITIONINGOFHW/SWMUSTCONSIDERTHEDUALITYOFHARDWARE/SOFTWARE,HOWITIMPOSESDEVELOPMENTCOSTS,HOWITAFFECTSTHEFLEXIBILITYANDTHERISKOFTHESYSTEM,WHETHERITISEASYTOUPDATEFORTHEFUTURETRENDS6AFTERTHEDESIGNPARTITIONING,MODULELEVELDESIGNISCARRIEDOUTBYHARDWARESYNTHESISORSILICONCOMPILATION,SOFTWARECOMPILATION,ANDHW/SWINTERFACINGTHENTHESYNTHESIZEDCONFIGUREDHARDWAREMODULESANDTHEPARAMETERIZEDSOFTWARECODESHOULDBEINTEGRATEDTOGETHERCURRENTLY,MANYSTANDALONETOOLSANDDESIGNENVIRONMENTSCANCOOPERATIVELYWORKONASEAMLESSDEVELOPMENTPLATFORMINADDITION,HW/SWCOSIMULATIONANDCOVERIFICATIONAREALSOIMPORTANTANDINEVITABLEDURINGTHEDESIGNFLOWFORTHEEVALUATIONOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMFIGURE2HW/SWCODESIGNFLOWBFPGABASEDEMBEDDEDDESIGNFLOWASSHOWNINFIG3,THEMERGEOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMDESIGNWITHFPGATECHNOLOGYALSOCOMBINESTHESETWOFLOWSTHEHARDWAREDESIGNFOLLOWSTHESTANDARDFPGADESIGNSTEPSSUCHASDESIGNENTRY,SIMULATION,SYNTHESIS,ANDIMPLEMENTATIONTHESOFTWAREDESIGNFOLLOWSTHEBASICEMBEDDEDSOFTWARESTAGESFROMCCODE,C/CCOMPILATIONTOLINKERANDDEBUGGERSOFTWAREDEBUGGERS,HARDWAREDEBUGGINGTOOLSSUCHASXILINX’SCHIPSCOPEANDALTERA’SSIGNALTAPAREVERYUSEFULTOERRORCHECKINGBOTHTHEGENERATEDHWBINARYFILEFORFPGACONFIGURATIONANDSWCODEWRITTENTOFLASHMEMORYAREDOWNLOADEDINTOTHETARGETBOARDTHROUGHJTAGONTHEFPGASIDE,ITCONTAINSEMBEDDEDPROCESSOR,SMALLSTORAGE,IPS,PROGRAMMABLELOGICANDSEVERALINTERFACESFIGURE3DESIGNDIAGRAMOFFPGABASEDEMBEDDEDSYSTEMCDESIGNEXAMPLEINTHISSUBSECTION,ASOPCDESIGNEXAMPLEEMBEDDEDWITH32BITNIOSSOFTPROCESSORISIMPLEMENTEDWITHAUARTANDETHERNETT/RCONVERTERTHEAPPLICATIONPROGRAMISEXPLOREDONTHEMICROTRONIX’SΜCLINUXOPERATINGSYSTEM7ASSHOWNINFIG4,THEHARDWAREFRAMEWORKISMADEUPOFONECORESOPCCHIPEGALTERACYCLONE,TWO512KBSRAM,8MBFLASH,UARTVOLTAGECONVERTERANDETHERNETCONTROLLERLAN91C111FIGURE4FRAMEWORDOFUARTETHERNETT/RCONVERTERINSIDETHEFPGACHIP,EXCEPTTHENIOSSOFTPROCESSOR,ONCHIPROM,TIMERS,INTERFACESOFUARTSERIALPORT,SRAMANDFLASHCANALLBECONFIGUREDASPROGRAMMABLELOGICTHEINTERCONNECTIONSBETWEENTHOSECOMPONENTSAREILLUSTRATEDINFIG5MICROPROCESSORANDALLTHEOTHERMODULESARECONNECTEDBYTHEAVALONBUS8ONCHIPMODULESANDAVALONBUSMODULECANBEAUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDBYSOPCBUILDERTOOLANDOTHERLOGICDESIGNCANBEFINISHEDINALTERAQUARTUSIIIDEAFTERGENERATINGTHEHARDWAREMAPPEDFILESOFANDDOWNLOADINGITINTOFPGACHIPTHROUGHBYTEBLASTERIICABLE,ORCONVERTINGSOFTOFLASHATFIRSTAND735